Amyloid profile is associated with sleep quality in preclinical but not in prodromal Alzheimer's disease older adults.

Background: Few studies have assessed whether neuropathological markers of AD in the preclinical and prodromal stages are associated with polysomnographic changes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case-control study of older adults (≥60 years) without relevant clinical and psychiatric comorbidities selected randomly from a cohort of individuals without dementia in a tertiary university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. They underwent neuropsychological evaluation for clinical diagnosis and were allocated into two samples: cognitively unimpaired (CU) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Allostatic load measures in older adults with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment: A cross-sectional analysis from the Brazilian Memory and Aging Study.

Introduction: An increasing body of research suggests that stress and allostatic load are related to cognitive dysfunction and neurodegeneration.

Objectives: to determine the relationship between allostatic load (AL) and cognitive status in older adults classified with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methodology: Using the Brazilian Memory and Aging Study (BRAMS) database, we analyzed data from 57 older adults with SCD and MCI.

Are we ready to use anti-amyloid therapy in Alzheimer's disease?

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. Biomarkers have demonstrated that AD pathology exists over the disease continuum from a stage preceding symptoms over 15-25 years to the progressively more impaired symptomatic states, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Biomarkers include: amyloid (Aß), phosphorylated tau, and neurodegeneration.

Subjective sleep parameters in prodromal Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study.

Objective: People with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia have impaired sleep. However, the characteristics of sleep in the early stages of AD are not well known, and studies with the aid of biomarkers are lacking. We assessed the subjective sleep characteristics of non-demented older adults and compared their amyloid profiles.

Alzheimer's disease and sleep disturbances: a review.

The association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and sleep disturbances has received increasing scientific attention in the last decades. However, little is known about the impact of sleep and its disturbances on the development of preclinical AD stages, such as mild cognitive impairment. This review describes the evolution of knowledge about the potential bidirectional relationships between AD and sleep disturbances exploring recent large prospective studies and meta-analyses and studies of the possible mechanisms through which sleep and the neurodegenerative process could be associated.

Oxford Cognitive Screen - Brazilian Portuguese version (OCS-Br) A pilot study.

Unlabelled: Cognitive impairment is very common in stroke patients and underdiagnosed. Symptoms such as language, praxis, visuospatial, visuoconstructive and memory impairment are prominent. The screening cognitive tests available do not address some specific characteristics of stroke patients and have major limitations in relation to the most impaired cognitive domains.

Validation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis real-time polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis using cerebrospinal fluid samples: a pilot study.

Background Timely diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) remains challenging. Molecular diagnostic tools are necessary, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. There is no approved commercial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that can be used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in non-respiratory samples, such as the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Neurosyphilis and ocular syphilis clinical and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics: a case series.

Background: During the first decade of this century, a significant increase in the incidence of syphilis was documented.

Objective: To study clinical and laboratory characteristics of central nervous system and ocular syphilis.

Methods: A retrospective case series of 13 patients with a clinical and laboratory diagnosis of neurosyphilis and/or ocular syphilis who had been admitted to the Neurology and Neuro-ophthalmology Service of the Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná.

Nonneurological Involvement in Late-Onset Friedreich Ataxia (LOFA): Exploring the Phenotypes.

Friedreich's ataxia (FDRA) is the most common inherited ataxia worldwide, caused by homozygous GAA expansions in the FXN gene. Patients usually have early onset ataxia, areflexia, Babinski sign, scoliosis and pes cavus, but at least 25 % of cases have atypical phenotypes. Disease begins after the age of 25 in occasional patients (late-onset Friedreich ataxia (LOFA)).

Dopamine transporter imaging in clinically unclear cases of parkinsonism and the importance of scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDDs).

Unlabelled: The clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is susceptible to misdiagnosis, especially in the earlier stages of the disease. Recently, in vivo imaging techniques assessing the presynaptic dopamine transporter (DAT) have emerged as a useful tool in PD diagnosis, improving its accuracy.

Objective: It was to illustrate the clinical usefulness of a brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) DAT ligand, and highlight relevant aspects of scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDDs) in this context.

Chronic ω-3 fatty acids supplementation promotes beneficial effects on anxiety, cognitive and depressive-like behaviors in rats subjected to a restraint stress protocol.

Recent evidence has demonstrated dietary influence on the manifestation of different types of behaviors induced by stressor tasks. The present study examined the impact of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation in an early phase of the brain development with the goal of preventing or even attenuating the occurrence of stress-related behaviors such as depressive-like behaviors, anxiety and cognitive dysfunctions in male rats subjected to restraint stress. Our results indicated that the supplementation regimen successfully counteracted the anxiogenic effects of stress as evidenced by the rats' increased exploration time in the aversive arms of the elevated plus maze.