Multiphoton microscopy combined with optogenetic photostimulation is a powerful technique in neuroscience enabling precise control of cellular activity to determine the neural basis of behavior in a live animal. Two-photon patterned photostimulation has taken this further by allowing interrogation at the individual neuron level. However, it remains a challenge to implement imaging of neural activity with spatially patterned two-photon photostimulation in a freely moving animal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Mice navigate an odor plume with a complex spatiotemporal structure in the dark to find the source of odorants. This article describes a protocol to monitor behavior and record Ca transients in dorsal CA1 stratum pyramidale neurons in hippocampus (dCA1) in mice navigating an odor plume in a 50 cm x 50 cm x 25 cm odor arena. An epifluorescence miniscope focused through a GRIN lens imaged Ca transients in dCA1 neurons expressing the calcium sensor GCaMP6f in Thy1-GCaMP6f mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignificance: imaging and electrophysiology are powerful tools to explore neuronal function that each offer unique complementary information with advantages and limitations. Capturing both data types from the same neural population in the freely moving animal would allow researchers to take advantage of the capabilities of both modalities and further understand how they relate to each other.
Aim: Here, we present a head-mounted neural implant suitable for two-photon imaging of neuronal activity with simultaneous extracellular electrical recording in head-fixed or fiber-coupled freely moving animals.
We present numerical simulations of multielectrode electrowetting devices used in a novel optical design to correct wavefront aberration. Our optical system consists of two multielectrode devices, preceded by a single fixed lens. The multielectrode elements function as adaptive optical devices that can be used to correct aberrations inherent in many imaging setups, biological samples, and the atmosphere.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterial isolate BT-1(T) is the closest relative to the genus 'Candidatus Liberibacter' cultured to date. BT-1(T) was recovered from the phloem sap of a defoliating mountain papaya in Puerto Rico. The BT-1(T) 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain BT-1(T) is most closely related to members of the genus 'Ca.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe full genomes of two uncultured plant pathogenic Liberibacter, Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus and Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum, are publicly available.
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