Late Gadolinium Enhancement CMR with Generative AI.

Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging enables imaging of scar/fibrosis and is a cornerstone of most CMR imaging protocols. CMR imaging can benefit from image acceleration; however, image acceleration in LGE remains challenging due to its limited signal-to-noise ratio. In this study, we sought to evaluate a rapid 2D LGE imaging protocol using a generative artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm with inline reconstruction.

Increased Aortic Stiffness With Acute Exercise in Heart Failure: Assessment by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance.

This study aimed to investigate the acute changes in proximal aortic distensibility, a measure of aortic stiffness, induced by acute exercise in participants with and without heart failure (HF). Participants with HF (n = 24) and without HF (n = 26) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) (1.5 T) imaging at rest and after submaximal supine bicycle ergometry.

Subclinical association of aortic stiffness with cardiac structure and function in African-Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality are high among black adults. We aimed to study the granular subclinical relations of aortic stiffness and left ventricular (LV) function and remodeling in blacks, in whom limited data are available. In the Jackson Heart Study, 1050 U.

Life's Essential 8 Cardiovascular Health Score and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community.

Background: The relation of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to lifestyle behaviors and factors linked with cardiovascular health remains unclear. We aimed to understand how the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score (and its changes over time) relate to CRF and complementary exercise measures in community-dwelling adults.

Methods And Results: Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants underwent maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing for direct quantification of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O).

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs).

Methods: The American Heart Association, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing.

Cross-Sectional Relationships of Proximal Aortic Stiffness and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Adults in the Community.

Background Stiffness of the proximal aorta may play a critical role in adverse left ventricular (LV)-vascular interactions and associated LV diastolic dysfunction. In a community-based sample, we sought to determine the association between proximal aortic stiffness measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and several clinical measures of LV diastolic mechanics. Methods and Results Framingham Heart Study Offspring adults (n=1502 participants, mean 67±9 years, 54% women) with available 1.

An inline deep learning based free-breathing ECG-free cine for exercise cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Background: Exercise cardiovascular magnetic resonance (Ex-CMR) is a promising stress imaging test for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, Ex-CMR requires accelerated imaging techniques that result in significant aliasing artifacts. Our goal was to develop and evaluate a free-breathing and electrocardiogram (ECG)-free real-time cine with deep learning (DL)-based radial acceleration for Ex-CMR.

Relation of MRI Aortic Wall Area and Plaque to Incident Cardiovascular Events: The Framingham Heart Study.

Background Arterial arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis reflect vascular disease, the subclinical detection of which allows opportunity for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Larger cohort studies simultaneously quantifying anatomic thoracic and abdominal aortic pathologic abnormalities are lacking in the literature. Purpose To investigate the association of aortic wall area (AWA) and atherosclerotic plaque presence and burden as measured on MRI scans with incident CVD in a community sample.

Relations of Metabolic Health and Obesity to Brain Aging in Young to Middle-Aged Adults.

Background We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic health and obesity and brain health measured via magnetic resonance imaging and neurocognitive testing in community dwelling adults. Methods and Results Framingham Heart Study Third Generation Cohort members (n=2170, 46±9 years of age, 54% women) without prevalent diabetes, stroke, dementia, or other neurologic conditions were grouped by metabolic unhealthiness (≥2 criteria for metabolic syndrome) and obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m): metabolically healthy (MH) nonobese, MH obese, metabolically unhealthy (MU) nonobese, and MU obese. We evaluated the relationships of these groups with brain structure (magnetic resonance imaging) and function (neurocognitive tests).

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs).

Methods: The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update.

Aortic Stiffness: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Relevant Biomarkers.

Aortic stiffness (AoS) is a maladaptive response to hemodynamic stress and both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, and elevated AoS increases afterload for the heart. AoS is a non-invasive marker of cardiovascular health and metabolic dysfunction. Implementing AoS as a diagnostic tool is challenging as it increases with age and varies amongst races.

Kidney Function and Aortic Stiffness, Pulsatility, and Endothelial Function in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.

Rationale & Objective: The relation of vascular stiffness, endothelial function, and kidney function is incompletely elucidated in African Americans. Our hypothesis was that increased vascular stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are associated with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria in African Americans.

Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort analysis of data from the Jackson Heart Study.

Framingham Heart Study: JACC Focus Seminar, 1/8.

The Framingham Heart Study is the longest-running cardiovascular epidemiological study, starting in 1948. This paper gives an overview of the various cohorts, collected data, and most important research findings to date. In brief, the Framingham Heart Study, funded by the National Institutes of Health and managed by Boston University, spans 3 generations of well phenotyped White persons and 2 cohorts comprised of racial and ethnic minority groups.

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs).

Methods: The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update.

Exercise cardiovascular magnetic resonance: development, current utility and future applications.

Stress cardiac imaging is the current first line investigation for coronary artery disease diagnosis and decision making and an adjunctive tool in a range of non-ischaemic cardiovascular diseases. Exercise cardiovascular magnetic resonance (Ex-CMR) has developed over the past 25 years to combine the superior image qualities of CMR with the preferred method of exercise stress. Presently, numerous exercise methods exist, from performing stress on an adjacent CMR compatible treadmill to in-scanner exercise, most commonly on a supine cycle ergometer.

Clinical Associations of Vascular Stiffness, Microvascular Dysfunction, and Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease in a Black Cohort: The Jackson Heart Study.

Background Measures of vascular dysfunction are related to adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in non-Hispanic, White populations; however, data from Black individuals are limited. We aimed to investigate the associations between novel hemodynamic measures and prevalent CVD in a sample of Black individuals. Methods and Results Among older Black participants of the Jackson Heart Study, we assessed noninvasive vascular hemodynamic measures using arterial tonometry and Doppler ultrasound.

Relation of Transthoracic Echocardiographic Aortic Regurgitation to Pressure Half-time and All-Cause Mortality.

To evaluate the relation of aortic regurgitation (AR) pressure half-time (PHT) on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and all-cause mortality, we screened 118,647 baseline TTE reports from 2000 to 2017, to identify patients with any AR and PHT data. Patients with infective endocarditis or previous aortic valve replacement were excluded. The relation of baseline PHT on time to all-cause mortality was evaluated using Cox regression.

Negative synergism of diabetes mellitus and obesity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study.

In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are important comorbidities as well as major risk factors. Their conjoint impact on the myocardium provides insight into the HFpEF aetiology. We sought to investigate the association between obesity, DM, and their combined effect on alterations in the myocardial tissue in HFpEF patients.

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs).

Methods: The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update.