Accuracy of a Proprietary Large Language Model in Labeling Obstetric Incident Reports.

Background: Using the data collected through incident reporting systems is challenging, as it is a large volume of primarily qualitative information. Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, provide novel capabilities in text summarization and labeling that could support safety data trending and early identification of opportunities to prevent patient harm. This study assessed the capability of a proprietary LLM (GPT-3.

Cannabidiol promotes intestinal cholesterol uptake mediated by Pregnane X receptor.

Background: Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid of cannabis, is therapeutically used as an analgesic, anti-convulsant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-psychotic drug. There is a growing concern about the adverse side effects posed by CBD usage. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor activated by a variety of dietary steroids, pharmaceutical agents, and environmental chemicals.

Infections After Adoption of Antibiogram-directed Prophylaxis and Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion for Robot-assisted Radical Cystectomy.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has significantly decreased the morbidity associated with radical cystectomy. However, infectious complications including sepsis, urinary tract (UTIs), wound (WIs), and intra-abdominal (AIs) infections remain common.

Objective: To assess whether intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) and antibiogram-directed antimicrobial prophylaxis would decrease infections after robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC).

The Prevalence of Confidential Content in Adolescent Progress Notes Prior to the 21st Century Cures Act Information Blocking Mandate.

Background: The 21st Century Cures Act information blocking final rule mandated the immediate and electronic release of health care data in 2020. There is anecdotal concern that a significant amount of information is documented in notes that would breach adolescent confidentiality if released electronically to a guardian.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to quantify the prevalence of confidential information, based on California laws, within progress notes for adolescent patients that would be released electronically and assess differences in prevalence across patient demographics.

A Natural Language Processing Model to Identify Confidential Content in Adolescent Clinical Notes.

Background: The 21st Century Cures Act mandates the immediate, electronic release of health information to patients. However, in the case of adolescents, special consideration is required to ensure that confidentiality is maintained. The detection of confidential content in clinical notes may support operational efforts to preserve adolescent confidentiality while implementing information sharing.

Adding glycemic and physical activity metrics to a multimodal algorithm-enabled decision-support tool for type 1 diabetes care: Keys to implementation and opportunities.

Algorithm-enabled patient prioritization and remote patient monitoring (RPM) have been used to improve clinical workflows at Stanford and have been associated with improved glucose time-in-range in newly diagnosed youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This novel algorithm-enabled care model currently integrates continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data to prioritize patients for weekly reviews by the clinical diabetes team. The use of additional data may help clinical teams make more informed decisions around T1D management.

Monitoring Approaches for a Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Machine Learning Model.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of three metrics to monitor for a reduction in performance of a chronic kidney disease (CKD) model deployed at a pediatric hospital.

Methods: The CKD risk model estimates a patient's risk of developing CKD 3 to 12 months following an inpatient admission. The model was developed on a retrospective dataset of 4,879 admissions from 2014 to 2018, then run silently on 1,270 admissions from April to October, 2019.

Modern best practice in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the elderly.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), with its associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), can be a debilitating disease in the elderly male. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the gold standard; however, many patients will choose to avoid surgery if possible. Medical therapy is an effective alternative, however, new studies are showing that there may be more side effects than previously realized in the elderly male.

Tales of diversity: Genomic and morphological characteristics of forty-six Arthrobacter phages.

The vast bacteriophage population harbors an immense reservoir of genetic information. Almost 2000 phage genomes have been sequenced from phages infecting hosts in the phylum Actinobacteria, and analysis of these genomes reveals substantial diversity, pervasive mosaicism, and novel mechanisms for phage replication and lysogeny. Here, we describe the isolation and genomic characterization of 46 phages from environmental samples at various geographic locations in the U.