Comparing Rotational Stability of Clareon and Eyhance Toric IOLs in a Real-World Setting.

Background: The Eyhance Toric intraocular lens (IOL) builds upon the Tecnis Toric platform, initially associated with considerable post-operative rotational instability. Version 2, the Eyhance Toric IOL has been modified to enhance rotational stability. This study evaluates the post-operative rotational stability of the Eyhance Toric IOL compared to the Clareon Toric IOL, recognized for its stable performance.

Associations of SGLT2i with Cardiorenal Outcomes Among Diabetics with Prostate Cancer on Hormone Therapy.

Purpose: Studies have reported associations between prostate cancer, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease in the context of treatment with hormone therapy (HT). This study aimed to assess the role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) in preventing adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in diabetics with prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients ≥ 18 years of age with T2DM and prostate cancer who received HT between August 1, 2013, and August 31, 2021, were identified using the TriNetX research network.

Associations of SGLT-2i with Cardiorenal Outcomes Among Diabetics with Prostate Cancer on Hormone Therapy.

Background: Studies have reported associations between prostate cancer, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease in the context of treatment with hormone therapy (HT). This study aimed to assess the role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) in preventing adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in diabetics with prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients ≥ 18 years of age with T2DM and prostate cancer who received HT between August 1, 2013, and August 31, 2021, were identified using the TriNetX research network.

Dense sampling of ethnic groups within African countries reveals fine-scale genetic structure and extensive historical admixture.

Previous studies have highlighted how African genomes have been shaped by a complex series of historical events. Despite this, genome-wide data have only been obtained from a small proportion of present-day ethnolinguistic groups. By analyzing new autosomal genetic variation data of 1333 individuals from over 150 ethnic groups from Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Nigeria, and Sudan, we demonstrate a previously underappreciated fine-scale level of genetic structure within these countries, for example, correlating with historical polities in western Cameroon.

COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Beliefs and Behaviors Among Patients With and Survivors of Hematologic Malignancies.

Purpose: Patients with and survivors of hematologic malignancies are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 disease and complications. This study examined patients' vaccination attitudes and behaviors and their correlates.

Methods: A two-wave survey was fielded in December 2020 and June 2021 among hematologic malignancy patients and survivors (N = 2,272).

Safety of sequential immune checkpoint inhibitors after prior immune therapy.

Background: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has transformed cancer treatment. Subsequent ICI use has become increasingly common following disease progression. We aim to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the sequential ICI treatment modality.

Two-Year Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Scheker Prosthesis (Aptis) Distal Radioulnar Joint Arthroplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent semiconstrained distal radioulnar joint arthroplasty.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on a series of patients who underwent distal radioulnar joint arthroplasty with more than a 23-month follow up. The quantitative outcome variables included the visual analog scale for pain; Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score; Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE); and Mayo wrist score.

A Comparison of Refractive Accuracy Between Conventional and Femtosecond Laser Cataract Surgery Techniques Using Modern IOL Formulas.

Purpose: To compare the refractive outcome prediction accuracy between conventional (CCS) and femtosecond laser assisted (FLACS) cataract surgery techniques using optimized lens constants for modern intraocular lens (IOL) formulas.

Patients And Methods: Our retrospective, comparative, interventional case series, compared data from 196 eyes undergoing CCS and 456 eyes undergoing FLACS with Acrysof IOL (Alcon laboratories, Inc) implantation. After optimizing IOL constants, the predicted refractive outcome was calculated for all formulas for each case.

Immune activation correlates with and predicts CXCR4 co-receptor tropism switch in HIV-1 infection.

HIV-1 cell entry is mediated by binding to the CD4-receptor and chemokine co-receptors CCR5 (R5) or CXCR4 (X4). R5-tropic viruses are predominantly detected during early infection. A switch to X4-tropism often occurs during the course of infection.

Aberrant integrin αv and α5 expression in prostate adenocarcinomas and bone-metastases is consistent with a bone-colonizing phenotype.

Background: Collaborative signaling between fibronectin-binding αv and α5 integrins has been implicated in the lethal dissemination of prostate cancer in the bone-metastatic niche, the major source of morbidity and mortality in the disease.

Methods: We assessed the frequency and pattern of expression of these integrins in primary high-grade adenocarcinomas and bone metastases compared to the physiological gland. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) radical prostatectomy (RP) samples (n=25) containing ≥ Gleason grade 4 cancer and decalcified surgical or diagnostic bone metastatic samples from 10 patients were stained for integrin αv (ITGAV) and integrin α5 (ITGA5) expression.

Career destinations of graduates from a medical school with an 18-week longitudinal integrated clerkship in general practice: a survey of alumni 6 to 8 years after graduation.

Background: There is a worldwide recruitment and retention crisis in general practice. Workforce planning has identified the need to train more general practitioners as an urgent priority. Exposure of medical students to general practice as part of the formal and hidden curriculum, the use of longitudinal integrated clerkships, and positive experiences and role models in general practice are all thought to be contributing factors to doctors choosing careers in general practice.

An inkjet-printed polysaccharide matrix for on-chip sample preparation in point-of-care cell counting chambers.

On-chip sample preparation in self-contained microfluidic devices is a key element to realize simple, low-cost, yet reliable diagnostics that can be carried out at the point-of-care (POC) with minimal training requirements by unskilled users. To address this largely unmet POC medical need, we have developed an optimized polysaccharide matrix containing the reagents which substantially improves our fully printed POC CD4 counting chambers for the monitoring of HIV patients. The simply designed counting chambers allow for capillary-driven filling with unprocessed whole blood.

A Comparison of the Accuracy of 6 Modern Toric Intraocular Lens Formulas.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of the Abulafia-Koch, the Barrett, the EVO 2.0, the new Holladay 2 with total surgical-induced astigmatism, the Kane, and the Næser-Savini toric intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas using a large database of toric IOL refractive outcomes.

Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.

Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Power Formulas Modified for Patients with Keratoconus.

Purpose: To assess the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas modified specifically for patients with keratoconus (Holladay 2 with keratoconus adjustment and Kane keratoconus formula) compared with normal IOL power formulas (Barrett Universal 2, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, Kane, and SRK/T).

Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.

Participants: A total of 147 eyes of 147 patients with keratoconus.

Growth Friendly Surgery and Serial Cast Correction in the Treatment of Early-onset Scoliosis for Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) patients can present with scoliosis which can be treated with serial cast correction (SCC) or with growth friendly surgery (GFS). This study's purpose was to describe the results of SCC as well as GFS for PWS patients with early-onset scoliosis (EOS).

Methods: PWS patients were identified from 2 international multicenter EOS databases.

A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans Out of Africa.

Present-day humans outside Africa descend mainly from a single expansion out ∼50,000-70,000 years ago, but many details of this expansion remain unclear, including the history of the male-specific Y chromosome at this time. Here, we reinvestigate a rare deep-rooting African Y-chromosomal lineage by sequencing the whole genomes of three Nigerian men described in 2003 as carrying haplogroup DE* Y chromosomes, and analyzing them in the context of a calibrated worldwide Y-chromosomal phylogeny. We confirm that these three chromosomes do represent a deep-rooting DE lineage, branching close to the DE bifurcation, but place them on the D branch as an outgroup to all other known D chromosomes, and designate the new lineage D0.

Comparison of the Kane formula with existing formulas for intraocular lens power selection.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of a new intraocular lens (IOL) power formula (Kane formula) with existing formulas using IOLMaster, predominantly model 3, biometry (measures variables axial length, keratometry and anterior chamber depth) and optimised lens constants. To compare the accuracy of three new or updated IOL power formulas (Kane, Hill-RBF V.2.

CCR5 structural plasticity shapes HIV-1 phenotypic properties.

CCR5 plays immune functions and is the coreceptor for R5 HIV-1 strains. It exists in diverse conformations and oligomerization states. We interrogated the significance of the CCR5 structural diversity on HIV-1 infection.

All-printed cell counting chambers with on-chip sample preparation for point-of-care CD4 counting.

We demonstrate the fabrication of fully printed microfluidic CD4 counting chips with complete on-chip sample preparation and their applicability as a CD4 counting assay using samples from healthy donors and HIV-infected patients. CD4 counting in low-income and resource-limited point-of-care settings is only practical and affordable, if disposable tests can be fabricated at very low cost and all manual sample preparation is avoided, while operation as well as quantification is fully automated and independent of the skills of the operator. Here, we show the successful use of (inkjet) printing methods both to fabricate microfluidic cell counting chambers with controlled heights, and to deposit hydrogel layers with embedded fluorophore-labeled antibodies for on-chip sample preparation and reagent storage.

Growth-Friendly Surgery Is Effective at Treating Early-Onset Scoliosis Associated With Goldenhar Syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate the radiographic results and complications of growth-friendly (GF) surgery in the treatment of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) associated with Goldenhar syndrome.

Background: Goldenhar syndrome has been associated with spinal deformity, which may be progressive. Efficacy and complication rate of GF treatment has not been reported for this population of patients with EOS.

The Open Browlift.

The eyes and periorbital areas are critical components for the harmonious treatment of the aging face. The authors prefer the open browlift for rejuvenation of the forehead area. The open browlift is the most versatile, effective, and long-lasting method for the treatment of the forehead.