Enalomics: A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach for Profiling, Identifying, and Semiquantifying Enals in Biological Samples.

Human cells generate a bulk of aldehydes during lipid peroxidation (LPO), influencing critical cellular processes, such as oxidative stress, protein modification, and DNA damage. Enals, highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehydic metabolites, are implicated in various human pathologies, especially neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite their importance, endogenous enals remain poorly characterized, primarily due to their instability and low abundance.

Corrigendum to "Active components of Dengzhan Shengmai ameliorate cognitive impairment by facilitating hippocampal long-term potentiation via the NMDA receptor-mediated Ca/CaMKII pathway" [J. Pharm. Anal. 14 (2024) 435-438].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.

Active components of Dengzhan Shengmai ameliorate cognitive impairment by facilitating hippocampal long-term potentiation via the NMDA receptor-mediated Ca/CaMKII pathway.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizae mitigate negative impacts of soil biodiversity loss on grassland productivity.

Grassland degradation decreases ecosystem productivity and diminishes soil biodiversity, leading to the loss of beneficial microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a critical role in ecosystem functioning, being a key link between plant and microbial communities, soil, and vegetation. Here, we evaluated the potential of increasing the productivity of degraded grassland by AMF inoculation.

Scutellarin Rescued Mitochondrial Damage through Ameliorating Mitochondrial Glucose Oxidation via the Pdk-Pdc Axis.

Mitochondrial bioenergetic deficits and their resulting glucose hypometabolism are the key pathophysiological modulators that promote neurodegeneration. However, there are no specific potential molecules that have been identified to treat neurological diseases by regulating energy metabolism and repairing mitochondrial damage. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (PDC), which can be phosphorylated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), is the gate-keeping enzyme for mitochondrial glucose oxidation.

A comprehensive perspective on the disposition, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics of representative multi-components of Dengzhan Shengmai in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion after oral administration.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dengzhan Shengmai capsule (DZSM), an evidence-based Chinese medicine comprising Erigeron breviscapus (Vaniot) Hand. -Mazz., Panax ginseng C.

An efficient approach to probe the bioactive transdermal components of traditional Chinese herbal patches by UHPLC-MS: Gutong patch as a case.

Background: Traditional Chinese herbal patches (TCHPs) characterized by good patient adherence and few side effects have been widely used in the clinic. However, their bioactive transdermal components, which are key to the quality and efficacy, have rarely been investigated.

Purpose: Establishing an approach to probe the bioactive transdermal components of TCHPs, using Gutong patch (GTP) as a case study.

Research on the drought tolerance mechanism of Pennisetum glaucum (L.) in the root during the seedling stage.

Background: Drought is one of the major environmental stresses resulting in a huge reduction in crop growth and biomass production. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) has excellent drought tolerance, and it could be used as a model plant to study drought resistance.

Specific-oxygen-supply functionalized core-shell nanoparticles for smart mutual-promotion between photodynamic therapy and gambogic acid-induced chemotherapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy of cancer both meet respective challenges. Tumor hypoxia, low penetration and high glutathione (GSH) level bear the brunt. Herein, a core-shell nanoparticle, with multi-function of hypoxia-responsiveness, specific oxygen supply and deep tumor penetration, was constructed for smart mutual-promotion between the both to overcome the respective restrictions.

A stage-specific cancer chemotherapy strategy through flexible combination of reduction-activated charge-conversional core-shell nanoparticles.

Precision medicine has increased the demand for stage-specific cancer chemotherapy. Drugs with different properties are needed for different stages of tumor development, which is, inducing rapid destruction in the early stage and facilitating deep penetration in the advanced stage. Herein, we report a novel reduction-activated charge-conversional core-shell nanoparticle (CS NP) formula based on ring-closing metathesis of the thiamine disulfide system (TDS) to deliver the chemotherapeutic agent-gambogic acid (GA).

Improved druggability of gambogic acid using core-shell nanoparticles.

Gambogic acid (GA) is a natural antitumor drug candidate with advantages of broad-spectrum activity, low toxicity and multiple mechanisms. Its clinical application is hindered, however, by low aqueous solubility, instability and poor pharmacokinetic properties. In this research, core-shell hybrid nanoparticles have been developed to improve the druggability of GA.

Reticuloendothelial System Pre-Block Strategy to Improve Tumor Targeting Efficacy for Hyaluronic Acid Related Drug Delivery System.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely used in many tumor targeting drug delivery systems (TDDS) due to its biocompatibility and modifiability. Moreover, HA receptors are over-expressed on many tumor cells. However, the clearance of the HA-related TDDS by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) need urgent consideration on account of the high affinity between HA and related receptors in RES.

Three new cardiac glycosides obtained from the roots of Lour. and their cytotoxic and melanogenesis-inhibitory activities.

Three new cardiac glycosides strophanthidin-3--α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-6-deoxy-βd-allopyranoside (1), 5β-16β-acetylkamaloside (2), and mansonin-19-carboxylic acid (3) along with seven known steroids including five cardiac glycosides were isolated from the methanol extracts of Lour. roots. The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic analyses.

Chemical Constituents of the Seed Cake of Camellia oleifera and Their Antioxidant and Antimelanogenic Activities.

There is a growing interest in the exploitation of agricultural byproducts. This study explored the potential beneficial health effects from the main biowaste, tea seed pomace of Camellia oleifera Abel (Theaceae), produced when tea seed is processed. Eighteen compounds were isolated from the 70% EtOH extract of the seed cake of C.

Simultaneous determination of eight short-chain aliphatic amines in drug substances by HPLC with diode array detection after derivatization with halonitrobenzenes.

Short-chain aliphatic amines are a class of hazardous impurities in drug substances. A simple method, involving derivatization followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, has been developed for residue determination of eight aliphatic amines simultaneously in drug substances. Different halonitrobenzenes derivatization reagents were systematically compared.

Transcriptome characterization and sequencing-based identification of drought-responsive genes in potato.

Potato (Solanum tubersosum L.) is relatively vulnerable to abiotic stress conditions such as drought, but the tolerance mechanisms to such stress in potato are largely unknown. To gain insight into the transcriptome dynamics that are associated with drought stress, genome-wide gene expression profile was conducted by Solexa sequencing to generate a large dataset and a comprehensive transcriptome profile for potato.

Prediction and verification of microRNAs related to proline accumulation under drought stress in potato.

Proline is an important osmotic adjusting material greatly accumulated under drought stress and can help plant to adapt to osmotic stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous RNAs that play important regulatory roles in plant development and stress response by negatively affecting gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Three genes of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) and proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) are regulating proline metabolism.