Tenuifolin in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease-like phenotypes: Investigation of the mechanisms from the perspectives of calpain system, ferroptosis, and apoptosis.

Polygala tenuifolia was documented to calm the mind and promote wisdom. However, its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of tenuifolin (Ten) on Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like phenotypes.

Use of Steaming Process to Improve Biochemical Activity of Polysaccharides against D-Galactose-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice.

Polysaccharide from (PSP) possesses antioxidant, antiaging, and neuroprotective activities. However, whether and how the steaming process influences the biological activities of PSP, especially against aging-related memory impairment, is not yet known. In this study, rhizome was subjected to a "nine steaming and nine drying" process, then PSPs with different steaming times were abstracted.

Polysaccharides from Hua Reduce Depression-Like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress-Calpain-1-NLRP3 Signaling Axis.

Polysaccharides from Hua (PSP) exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant effects. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the calpain system and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome are closely related to the pathogenesis of depression. However, the relationships among those pathways and the protective effects of PSP have not been characterized.