Effect of different incisions on dry eye symptoms after cataract surgery in diabetic patients.

Aim: Diabetic patients suffer from severe dry eye after cataract surgery, and the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2.2 mm and 3.0 mm clear corneal incisions on dry eye after phacoemulsification in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Endothelial protein C receptor promotes retinal neovascularization through heme catabolism.

Pathological retinal neovascularization (RNV) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide; however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that the expression of endothelial protein C receptor (Epcr) was increased during RNV, and its ligand was elevated in the serum or vitreous body of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Deleting endothelial Epcr or using an EPCR-neutralizing antibody ameliorated pathological retinal angiogenesis.

Analysis of ABCC3 in glioma progression: implications for prognosis, immunotherapy, and drug resistance.

As a primary brain cancer, glioma presents significant challenges in treatment and prognosis. Identifying reliable biomarkers is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study focuses on the ABCC3 gene, exploring its function as a standalone predictive indictor and its correlation with immune infiltration and resistance to chemotherapy in glioma.

Pesticides have negative effects on non-target organisms.

Pesticides affect a diverse range of non-target species and may be linked to global biodiversity loss. The magnitude of this hazard remains only partially understood. We present a synthesis of pesticide (insecticide, herbicide and fungicide) impacts on multiple non-target organisms across trophic levels based on 20,212 effect sizes from 1,705 studies.

HIF2α drives ccRCC metastasis through transcriptional activation of methylation-controlled J protein and enhanced prolegumain secretion.

The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α) in clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) is still not fully understood. In this study, we identified that urinary prolegumain levels positively correlated with the malignant characteristics of ccRCC. In cultured 786-O and OSRC-2 cells, HIF2α downregulation reduced prolegumain secretion.

The Dual Role of A2aR in Neuroinflammation: Modulating Microglial Polarization in White Matter Lesions.

Neuroinflammation has been widely recognized as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying ischemic white matter lesions (IWML) in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), with microglia serving as the principal effector cells. A2aR, an important adenosine receptor, exhibits a dual role in neuroinflammation by modulating both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, particularly through its regulation of microglial polarization. This study aimed to investigate the specific functions and mechanisms of A2aR in neuroinflammation.

Insights into the improved cold-water solubility and digestibility of alkaline-alcohol modified cassava starch: A discussion from the perspective of fine structure.

Multi-objective optimization of starch for higher solubility and lower glycemic index is a challenge. In this study, we investigated the molecular structure evolution of cold water-soluble starch (CWS) and its correlation mechanism with solubility and digestibility by alkali-alcohol treatment of cassava starch. As NaOH concentration increased, the average molecular size of CWS gradually decreased, and the medium-long amylose (AM) chains (X ~ 1000-10,000) decreased sharply.

Structural study of the chlorophyll between Lhca8 and PsaJ in an Antarctica green algal photosystem I-LHCI supercomplex revealed by its atomic structure.

Coccomyxa subellipsoidea is an oleaginous, non-motile unicellular green microalga isolated from Antarctica, and is an attractive candidate for CO fixation and biomass production. C. subellipsoidea is the first polar green alga whose genome has been sequenced.

Poly(amino acid) nanoformulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitor for molecularly targeted immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6is) selectively arrest malignant cells in the G1 phase of cell cycle by inhibiting CDK4/6-mediated phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein. However, CDK4/6i therapy is often ineffective against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) due to the high lysosomal content in TNBC cells, which sequesters the drugs and prevents them from reaching their nuclear target. To address this challenge, three pH- and glutathione-responsive poly(amino acid) nanogels composed of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) of various lengths and poly(L-glutamic acid-co-L-cystine) (mPEG-P(Glu-co-Cys)) were developed to efficiently deliver the CDK4/6i abemaciclib (ABE) to TNBC cells.

Esketamine mitigates endotoxin-induced hippocampal injury by regulating calcium transient and synaptic plasticity via the NF-α1/CREB pathway.

Esketamine (ES) has been shown to confer neuroprotection partly by exerting anti-inflammation, alleviating oxidative stress, enhancing neuronal vitality, and promoting synaptic remodeling. Nonetheless, its precise function in SAE and the associated mechanisms are not understood. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective potential of ES at behavioral, structural, and functional levels in vivo and in vitro.

Application and development trends of network toxicology in the safety assessment of traditional Chinese medicine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Integrating network toxicology into traditional Chinese medicine toxicology boosts the efficiency and comprehensiveness of safety evaluations for these medicines.

Aim Of The Study: This paper aims to deepen the comprehension of network toxicology and facilitate its application in the safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines.

Materials And Methods: Using "network pharmacology," "network toxicology," and "traditional Chinese medicine" as keywords, relevant literature was searched in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI.

The protective role of resveratrol on hyperoxia-induced renal injury in neonatal rat by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Background: Supplemental oxygen is commonly used to treat newborns with respiratory disorders. It has been explored that hyperoxia increases oxidative stress, and have the potential adverse effects on developing organs. Mitochondrial biogenesis plays a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, and resveratrol (Res) has its unique advantage in promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.

The Impact of Pituitary Stalk Sacrifice on Recurrence and Endocrine Dysfunction During Craniopharyngioma Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Craniopharyngioma is a benign, locally invasive tumor of the sellar-suprasellar region. Surgery can be curative but may require sacrifice of the pituitary stalk, which often leads to hypopituitarism. The risk/benefit of this maneuver is not well understood.

Physical Exercise Time and Depression Among Adolescents: A Nonlinear Dose-Response Association.

Background: Although physical exercise has been proven to yield beneficial outcomes for individual health, the dose-response association between physical exercise time and depression among adolescents remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between exercise time and depression among adolescents, as well as the dose-response relationship.

Methods: A logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the correlation between physical exercise time and depression among adolescents.

Impacts of changes in PM concentrations and their major components on blood pressure during pregnancy.

Sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic matter, and black carbon account for more than two-thirds of the total mass of PM and have stronger cardiovascular toxicity than other components. However, evidence regarding the gestational cardiovascular toxicity of these PM components is lacking. A prospective cohort study was conducted among 1913 pregnant women in Guangzhou, Pearl River Delta, China, from 2017 to 2020.

Vitexin alleviates lipid metabolism disorders and hepatic injury in obese mice through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/SREBP-1c pathway.

Obesity is recognized as a metabolic disorder, and its treatment and management pose ongoing challenges worldwide. Hawthorn, a traditional Chinese herb used to alleviate digestive issues and reduce blood lipid levels, has unclear mechanisms of action regarding its active components in the treatment of obesity. This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of vitexin, a major flavonoid compound found in hawthorn, in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 mice.

How does social support mediate the relationship between functional status and mental health among older adults in China? An exploration of the role of children's visits.

Objective: To examine the mediating role of social support, as outlined in the Convoy Model of Social Relations, in the association between functional status and mental health, with a focus on those with disabilities.

Methods: The study included 15,498 participants aged 65 to 105 years old from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Spearman analysis and mediation analysis were performed.

Involvement of the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling pathway in α-synuclein-induced ferroptosis.

Oligomeric α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates, which are a critical pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), can induce neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Our previous study revealed a decrease in IL6ST/JAK2/STAT3/HIF-1α pathway in α-syn-induced microglia. As we all know, the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is essential for modulating inflammation, controlling cell growth and exhibiting antiapoptotic responses.

CO agitation combined with magnetized biochar to alleviate "ammonia inhibited steady-state": Exploring the mechanism by combining metagenomics with macroscopic indicators.

The "ammonia inhibited steady-state" phenomenon is frequently observed in the anaerobic digestion (AD) process of nitrogen-rich substrates. Reconfiguring microbial ecosystems has proven to be an effective strategy for mitigating ammonia inhibition. In the current study, biochars were screened and targeted for modification.

Development of a dual-responsive ratiometric fluorescent probe for real-time sequential detection of HO and Ag.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) and silver ions (Ag) are of considerable interest due to their critical roles in chemical and biological processes and their potential environmental and health risks. In this study, a novel dual-response ratiometric fluorescent probe (FBHP), based on an internal charge transfer (ICT) mechanism, was designed and synthesized for the real-time dual detection of HO and Ag. The probe utilizes triphenylamine as a luminescent platform, while azacrown [N, S, O] groups and phenylboronic pinacol ester groups serve as recognition sites for Ag and HO, respectively.

Multivariate predictive model of the therapeutic effects of metoprolol in paediatric vasovagal syncope: a multi-centre study.

Background: Metoprolol therapy for paediatric vasovagal syncope (VVS) has yielded inconsistent results, necessitating predictive markers. We aimed to develop and validate models to identify paediatric VVS patients likely to benefit from metoprolol.

Methods: 478 metoprolol-treated paediatric patients with VVS were enrolled from three syncope units and divided into retrospective training (March 2017-March 2023, n = 323) and prospective validation cohorts (April 2023-March 2024, n = 155).

Association between deep learning radiomics based on placental MRI and preeclampsia with fetal growth restriction: A multicenter study.

Purpose: Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with placental insufficiency and could lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The study aimed to develop a placental T2-weighted image-based automatic quantitative model for the identification of PE pregnancies and disease severity.

Methods: Between July 2013 and September 2022, the retrospective multicenter study featured 420 pregnant women, including 140 cases of PE and 280 cases of normotensive pregnancies.

Dietary inflammatory index predicts cancer mortality in male patients but not female patients: Results from NHANES 1999 to 2014.

This study explored sex differences between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cancer prognosis and their mechanisms. We hypothesized that association between dietary inflammatory index and cancer prognosis differs by sex. The study included 2874 adults with cancer from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey covering 1999 to 2014.

Host Defense Peptide Mimics Synergize with Pt(IV) Prodrugs for Surmounting Cisplatin Resistance via Selective Cancer Membrane Disruption.

Drug resistance has emerged as a great challenge for achieving satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in platinum-based chemotherapy. Specifically, we synthesized a series of host defense peptide mimics with different degrees of polymerization (DP), i.e.