Effects of CPAP on Neuroimaging Biomarkers and Cognition in Adult OSA: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive impairment. The effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance among middle-aged patients with OSA and normal cognition remain unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of CPAP therapy over 12 months on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance.

Activating La-O-Ni Bridge in Ordered Macroporous Interface for Electrochemical Urea Wastewater Purification.

Electrochemical treatment of urea wastewater purification significantly aids in environmental protection, but it remains a considerable challenge in designing high performance anode urea oxidation electrocatalysts. Herein, we report a La-induced three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) NiO heterostructure to improve Ni sites electron density for urea electrooxidation by activating the La-O-Ni bridge. This material demonstrated exceptional performance in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) device, characterized by a low cell voltage (1.

Neutrophil extracellular traps license macrophage production of chemokines to facilitate CD8+ T cell infiltration in obstruction-induced renal fibrosis.

Renal fibrosis is a common mechanism leading to kidney failure in chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), including obstructive nephropathy (ON). Dysregulated inflammation is central to the development of renal fibrosis, but how local immune cells within the tissue microenvironment integrate and coordinate to drive this condition remains largely unknown. Herein, we documented that neutrophils were abundantly recruited and expelled neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in human and mouse fibrotic kidneys.

Enhancing Kinetic Performance and Structural Stability of NaFe(PO)(PO) Cathode via La Doping Defect Engineering.

Due to the strong electronegativity of P in the anion group and the strong P─O covalent bond, NFPP exhibits low electronic and ionic conductivity, hindering its rate capability. A doping modification strategy of selecting La with a large ion radius at Na site has been designed, and the nano-micro architectural NaLa□Fe(PO)(PO)/C (0≤x≤0.04) cathode material with Na vacancies is successfully synthesized via a scalable preparation route.

Inducing Cuproptosis with Copper Ion-Loaded Aloe Emodin Self-Assembled Nanoparticles for Enhanced Tumor Photodynamic Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy has fundamentally transformed the clinical treatment landscape for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While its effectiveness is ultimately limited by patient heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as an emerging antitumor immunotherapy, has shown its unique therapeutic advantages.

Fur-regulated urease contributes to the environmental adaptation of .

Urease converts urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide, providing a nitrogen and carbon source for microbial growth and serving as an important mechanism for human bacterial pathogens to survive in acidic conditions, which can be regulated by many factors. As a global regulator, the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) regulates a series of genes and pathways involved in many different cellular processes and the virulence of the enteric bacterium (). However, whether Fur regulates the urease activity in was still unknown.

Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Study of the Triglyceride Glucose Index, Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure, and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Machine Learning Integrated Approach.

Using NHANES data from 2003 to 2008, 2011 to 2012, and 2015 to 2020, we examined the relationship between urinary organophosphate pesticide (OPP) metabolites and the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index. The TyG index evaluates insulin resistance, a crucial factor in metabolic diseases. Linear regression analyzed urinary metabolites in relation to the TyG index and OPPs.

Ion Substitution-Induced Distorted MOF Lattice with Deviated Energy and Dielectric Properties for Quasi-Solid-State Ion Conductor.

Solid-state electrolytes are currently receiving increasing interest due to their high mechanical strength and chemical stability for safe battery construction. However, their poor ion conduction and unclear conduction mechanism need further improvement and exploration. This study focuses on a hybrid solid-state electrolyte containing MOF-based scaffolds, using metal salts as the conductor.

Meta-Analysis of Abiotic Conditions Affecting Exopolysaccharide Production in Cyanobacteria.

: cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) exhibit diverse biological and physicochemical properties, making them valuable for applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, wastewater treatment, and bioenergy production. : the production of cyanobacterial EPSs is significantly influenced by various factors, including abiotic factors and strains. Recent research has focused on optimizing EPS production by regulating key abiotic factors such as light, temperature, pH, and nutritional conditions.

Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Characteristic Functional Components in Pigeon Eggs.

We aimed to identify the characteristic functional components of pigeon eggs and the differences among pigeon, chicken, and quail eggs. We analyzed the metabolite profiles of three kinds of eggs using an untargeted metabolomics-based approach to better understand the differences in metabolites among pigeon, chicken, and quail eggs. Then, we quantitatively validated the differences in abundance of partial metabolites through a targeted metabolomics-based approach.

Paroxysmal, Persistent, and Permanent Type-1 Brugada Pattern: Does Burden Matter?

Spontaneous type-1 Brugada patterns are associated with an elevated risk of major arrhythmic events, yet the relationship between varying degrees of pattern burden and the occurrence of a first major arrhythmic event remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study included 64 adult patients with a spontaneous type-1 Brugada pattern, who were identified at Mayo Clinic sites and followed for ≥12 months after the initial diagnosis. All patients underwent at least three 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) within the first year.

Genome Sequencing, Assembly, and Characterization of as a Non- Yeast with Ester-Enhancing Potential.

J52, a non- yeast isolated from edible roses, markedly improves the organoleptic qualities of fermented foods. To facilitate the development and application of this strain, this study sequenced and assembled the genome of J52, subsequently conducting functional annotation of its genes utilizing the NR, Swiss-Prot, COG, GO, KEGG and CAZy databases. The findings revealed that this yeast harbors genes involved in the biosynthesis of flavor compounds, including higher alcohols, acetate esters, ethyl esters, volatile organic acids, aromatic amino acids and benzyl alcohol or benzaldehyde.

- as a Composite Microbial Community: Inhibition and Potential Mechanism Against Potato Anthracnose Disease.

The potato (), an important component of global food security, often faces threats from various diseases during its growth process, especially potato anthracnose (), which severely affects crop yield and quality. In this study, we successfully isolated and identified two bacteria with potential for biological control, () and (). The experimental results indicate that the bacterial suspensions of strains JZ-1-1-1 and JZ-2-2-2 had a significant inhibitory effect on the pathogen ZL-7, with the inhibition rate of JZ-1-1-1 reaching as high as 55.

Half-Century Scientometric Analysis: Unveiling the Excellence of Fungi as Biocontrol Agents and Biofertilisers.

Reducing the use of chemical inputs is becoming a major challenge in developing sustainable agriculture. Fungi, known as biocontrol agents (BCAs) and biofertilisers, are crucial in scientific research and are celebrated for their efficacy, eco-friendliness, and multifaceted roles. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on 5349 articles related to fungi as BCAs and biofertilisers over the past half-century using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database.

Youth Who Control HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy Display Unique Plasma Biomarkers and Cellular Transcriptome Profiles Including DNA Repair and RNA Processing.

Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses detectible HIV-1 replication, but latent reservoirs and persistent immune activation contribute to residual viral-associated morbidities and potential viral reactivation. youth with HIV (YWH) virally suppressed on ART early in infection before CD4 T cell decline with fewer comorbidities compared to adults represent a critical population for identifying markers associated with viral control and predictors of viral breakthrough. This study employed a multi-omics approach to evaluate plasma biomarkers and cellular gene expression profiles in 52 participants, including 27 YWH on ART for 144 weeks and 25 youth with no infection (NI) (ages 18-24).

Both Jasmonic Acid- and Abscisic Acid-Mediated Signalling Pathways Regulate the Ovicidal Defence of Plants Against Phloem-Feeding Insects.

Plants perceive signals associated with herbivore eggs and in response initiate ovicidal defence. However, which phytohormone pathways regulate this defence and which defensive compounds dominate it remains largely unknown. Here, we found that the hatching rate of eggs of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera was significantly lower on a japonica rice variety P81 than an indica rice variety NB44.

The Optimization of Culture Conditions for Injectable Recombinant Collagen Hydrogel Preparation Using Machine Learning.

Injectable recombinant collagen hydrogels (RCHs) are crucial in biomedical applications. Culture conditions play an important role in the preparation of hydrogels. However, determining the characteristics of hydrogels under certain conditions and determining the optimal conditions swiftly still remain challenging tasks.

Advances in 3D and 4D Printing of Gel-Based Foods: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Directions.

This review examines recent advancements in gel-based 3D and 4D food-printing technologies, with a focus on their applications in personalized nutrition and functional foods. It emphasizes the critical role of tunable rheological and mechanical properties in gels such as starch, protein, and Pickering emulsions, which are essential for successful printing. The review further explores 4D food printing, highlighting stimuli-responsive mechanisms, including color changes and deformation induced by external factors like temperature and pH.

Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Activities of a Novel Kaempferol-Liposome-Loaded Hydrogel for the Treatment of Acute Eczema.

Kaempferol liposome hydrogel is a novel drug carrier designed to solve the problems of the poor water solubility and low bioavailability of kaempferol. By combining kaempferol with liposomes and further forming a hydrogel, this composite formulation not only improves the stability of the drug but also enhances its penetration and therapeutic effect on the skin. It was demonstrated that the liposomal hydrogel of kaempferol had ex vivo and in vivo antioxidant activities, which could effectively inhibit the inflammatory response and oxidative stress and, thus, showed significant efficacy in the treatment of acute eczema.

Electrical Control of Magnetic Order Transition in 2D Antiferromagnetic Semiconductor FePS.

Manipulating the magnetic order transition of 2D magnetic materials is an important way for the application of spintronic devices, and carrier concentration modulation is a commonly used effective regulation method. Here the magnetic ground state of FePS is tuned from antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferrimagnetic (FIM) and back to AFM by electron doping, which is achieved via the intercalation of various organic cations. The doped FePS with FIM order exhibits a Curie temperature T of ≈110 K, a strong out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy, and particularly an unusual hysteresis loop, where with increasing temperature, the area of magnetic hysteresis loop increases below 50 K, then decreases above 50 K and eventually disappears.

A new broom sweeps clean: CLDN16 surpasses the BRAF-V600E mutation as an unrivaled biomarker in papillary thyroid cancer.

Objective: This study assessed CLDN16 as a potential replacement or improvement biomarker for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), addressing the limitations associated with the prevalently used BRAF-V600E mutation.

Design: Database analyses, tissue validation, RNA sequencing, and functional assays were conducted to evaluate CLDN16 as a PTC biomarker and its clinical application.

Methods: CLDN16 expression was examined in PTC and normal thyroid/para-tumor tissues and compared across various cancer types.

Efficient Generation of Negative Hydrogen with Bimetallic-Ternary-Structured Catalysts for Nitrobenzene Hydrogenation.

Transition metal-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation (TH) with in situ negative hydrogen (H) has received extensive attention as an alternative to conventional high-pressure hydrogenation processes. However, the insufficient activity of hydrogen production and unclear the conversion process of hydrogenation remain a great challenge. In this work, brand new bimetallic ternary-structured catalysts (RuM-TiO, M=Co, Cu, Fe, Ni) were synthesized to efficiently generate H donors from ammonia borane (AB, NHBH) for nitrobenzene hydrogenation under moderate conditions.

Organocatalytic Enantioselective Nucleophilic Substitution of Furfurals with Alcohols via a Remote Chiral Control.

We describe herein the direct organocatalytic asymmetric nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2-benzylfurfurals with benzyl alcohols and allylic alcohol in the absence of any metal catalysts and ligands. A series of γ-regioselective products were obtained in high yields and up to 99% enantiomeric excess.

How does playfulness (re)frame the world? Evidence for selective cognitive and behavioral redirecting in times of adversity.

Introduction: Do playful people perceive, approach, and respond to their environment and life events differently than less playful individuals? While playfulness has been theorized to affect how individuals frame or reframe situations, this widely accepted premise lacks theoretical specification and empirical validation. This study examined playfulness as a perceptual lens and its potential broader (re)framing effects spanning cognition, emotion, and behavior in the disruptive pandemic context.

Methods: Two groups with contrasting levels of playfulness (high vs.