The transcription factor GmbZIP131 enhances soybean salt tolerance by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis.

Detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) that accumulate under saline conditions is crucial for plant salt tolerance. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway functions upstream, while flavonoids act downstream, in ROS scavenging under salt stress. However, the potential crosstalk between the SOS pathway and flavonoids in regulating salt stress responses and the associated mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

CAD manipulates tumor intrinsic DHO/UBE4B/NF-κB pathway and fuels macrophage cross-talk, promoting hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.

Background And Aims: Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), an indicator of clinical metastasis, significantly shortens hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients' lifespan, and no effective treatment has been established. We aimed to illustrate mechanisms underlying PVTT formation and tumor metastasis, and identified potential targets for clinical intervention.

Approach And Results: Multi-omics data of 159 HCC patients (including 37 cases with PVTT) was analyzed to identify contributors to PVTT formation and tumor metastasis.

Upper Arm Versus Forearm Placement of Long Peripheral Catheters for Blood Sampling: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The impact of site selection on blood sampling and catheter functionality for long peripheral catheters (LPCs) is unclear.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of LPCs placed in the upper arm vs the forearm.

Methods: A single-site, randomized trial was conducted among adult patients requiring an LPC for difficult venous access or prolonged therapy.

6-methyladnosine of vRNA facilitates influenza A virus replication by promoting the interaction of vRNA with polymerase proteins.

6-methyladnosine (mA) modification is present in both positive- and negative-strand RNA of influenza A virus (IAV) and affects the replication and pathogenicity of IAV. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of mA in IAV RNA. In the present study, we identified the mA methylation of the viral RNA of different IAV subtypes and confirmed that mA modification promotes the polymerase activity and replication of IAV.

Proteasomal processing of the viral replicase ORF1 facilitates HEV-induced liver fibrosis.

Chronic infections with hepatitis E virus (HEV), especially those of genotype 3 (G3), frequently lead to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients. However, the causation and mechanism of liver fibrosis triggered by chronic HEV infection remain poorly understood. Here, we found that the viral multiple-domain replicase (ORF1) undergoes unique ubiquitin-proteasomal processing leading to formation of the EV-erived MAD ctivator (HDSA), a viral polypeptide lacking putative helicase and RNA polymerase domains.

Correction: The association of mental health with physical activity and its dimensions in Chinese adults: A cross-sectional study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

A rhizobacterium-secreted protein induces lateral root development through the IAA34-PUCHI pathway.

Lateral roots (LRs) can continuously forage water and nutrients from soil. In Arabidopsis thaliana, LR development depends on a canonical auxin signaling pathway involving the core transcription factors INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACIDs (IAAs) and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs). In this study, we identified a protein, bacillolysin, secreted by the beneficial rhizobacterium Bacillus velezensis SQR9, that is able to stimulate LR formation of Arabidopsis.

Mesh-reinforced reconstruction after abdominal wall desmoid tumor resection: a retrospective analysis of 16 cases.

Purpose: Managing the defect after abdominal wall desmoid tumor resection is challenging due to the wide excision required. This report aims to review our institutional experience with mesh-reinforced reconstruction following desmoid tumor resection in the abdominal wall.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent abdominal wall desmoid tumor resection with mesh-reinforced reconstruction between April 2014 and January 2019.

Nomogram predicts risk score and likehood of orchiectomy in patients with testicular torsion: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Testicular torsion is a prevalent scrotal emergency associated with a significant risk of testicular loss, and there is no reliable scoring system available to assess the likelihood of orchiectomy following testicular torsion.

Methods: Clinical characteristics and surgical data of patients with testicular torsion from January 2015 to May 2024 were gathered from National Center for Children's Health (NCCH) and the Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics (CIPCH). Independent risk variables for testicular resection were evaluated by logistic regression analyses, leading to the establishment of a nomogram.

Associations of cMIND Diet with depressive and anxiety symptoms among old people in China: a nationwide study.

Purpose: The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is a novel dietary approach that exhibits neuroprotective benefits. Studies have found that the MIND diet can effectively reduce the risk of depression and anxiety, but the relationship between them is unclear among older Chinese people. The objective of this research was to explore the association of the MIND diet with depression and anxiety among elderly Chinese individuals.

Overlooked Role of Photogenerated Holes in Persistent Free Radical Formation on Hematite.

Persistent free radicals (PFRs) have garnered considerable attention due to their long lifetime and high reactivity. However, the roles of photogenerated carriers in PFR formation remain underexplored. We compared and analyzed the PFR formation on hematite-SiO loaded catechol, combining experimental and theoretical investigations.

Genome-wide identification of the SmPHR gene family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and SmPHR7-mediated response to phosphate starvation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

This study reveals the transcripts of S. miltiorrhiza in response to phosphate deficiency, identifies 18 SmPHRs in the genome, and tentatively establishes a role for SmPHR7 in regulating phosphate starvation. Phosphorus is essential for plant growth and development, and phosphate deficiency is a common nutritional stress.

Molecular Insights into the Rhamnolipid-Promoted Enzymatic Performance on Removing Phenolic Pollutants.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is a metalloenzyme widely used in various biochemical applications but is susceptible to activity loss and instability under suboptimal conditions. In this study, rhamnolipid (RL) was, for the first time, employed as an additive to enhance the catalytic performance of HRP, including in a dual-enzyme cascade system with glucose oxidase (GOx). We carried out catalytic experiments on phenol degradation and showed that protecting HRP from deactivation is critical in maintaining the high catalytic effect in the dual-enzyme cascade.

Development and validation of a nomogram model based on vascular entry sign for predicting lymphovascular invasion in gastric cancer.

Background: To evaluate the predictive value of a nomogram based on the vascular entry sign for lymphovascular invasion in gastric cancer.

Methods: A total of 135 patients with histopathologically confirmed gastric cancer from August 2021 to November 2022 were enrolled. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Environmentally Persistent Free Radical Emissions from Indoor Burning of Pelletized Biofuels.

Pelletization of biomass fuels has been promoted as an effective alternative to mitigate particulate matter (PM) emissions from the residential burning of raw biomass materials; however, environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs), a class of harmful components in PM, from the biomass pellet burning have been rarely studied yet. Here, laboratory-based combustion experiments were conducted to characterize EPFRs for different pellets burned in cooking and heating stoves and compared with those for the corresponding uncompressed biofuels. Emission factors (EFs) of EPFRs for biomass pellets ranged from 2.

IL-15 complex enhances agonistic anti-CD40 + anti-PDL1 by correcting the T-bet to Tox ratio in CD8+ T cells infiltrating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Agonistic anti-CD40 with anti-PD-1 can elicit objective responses in a small number of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Better understanding of their individual effects on the PDA tumor microenvironment will help inform new strategies to further improve outcomes. Herein, we map tumor-specific CD8+ T-cell differentiation following agonistic anti-CD40 and/or anti-PDL1 in PDA.

On-Chip Non-Volatile Reconfigurable Phase Change Topological Photonics.

Programmable on-chip terahertz (THz) topological photonic devices are poised to address the rising need for high-capacity data systems, offering broad bandwidth, minimal loss, and reconfigurability. However, current THz topological chips rely on volatile tuning mechanisms that require continuous power to function. Here, a nonvolatile, programmable THz topological silicon chip is demonstrated that integrates a waveguide-cavity coupled system with phase-change material, GeSbTe (GST), enabling persistent and efficient functionality without constant power input.

Enhancing Immune Responses through Modulation of Innate Cell Microenvironments in Lymph Nodes with Virus-Mimetic Vaccines.

Nanovaccines hold significant promise for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. However, the efficacy of many nanovaccines is often limited by inadequate stimulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Herein, we explore a rational vaccine strategy aimed at modulating innate cell microenvironments within lymph nodes (LNs) to enhance the generation of effective immune responses.

External Testing of a Commercial AI Algorithm for Breast Cancer Detection at Screening Mammography.

Purpose To test a commercial artificial intelligence (AI) system for breast cancer detection at the BC Cancer Breast Screening Program. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study of 136,700 women (age: µ = 58.8, σ = 9.

Low-Crystallized Carbon as an Electron Mediator in g-CN/C/TiO for Enhancing Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics.

Photodegradation of antibiotics based on photocatalytic semiconductors is a promising option to alleviate water pollution. Despite its limitations, TiO-based photocatalysts are still the most widely studied materials for pollutant degradation. In this work, a pomegranate-like g-CN/C/TiO nano-heterojunction was constructed using the hydrothermal-calcination method, consisting of interconnected small crystals with a dense structure and closely contacted interface.

Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Polymer-Based Packaging Applications: A Colloidal Perspective.

The integration of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials into polymer-based packaging presents a promising avenue for sustainable, high-performance materials. This perspective explores the roles of colloidal interactions in the assembly of 2D materials into thin films for packaging applications. We begin by analyzing the types of colloidal forces present in 2D nanomaterials and their impact on dispersion and stability.

High-Breakdown and Low-Leakage 4H-SiC MOS Capacitor Based on HfO/SiO Stacked Gate Dielectric in Trench Structures.

The progression of SiC MOSFET technology from planar to trench structures requires optimized gate oxide layers within the trench to enhance device performance. In this study, we investigated the interface characteristics of HfO and SiO/HfO gate dielectrics grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on SiC trench structures. The trench structure morphology was revealed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Workplace Violence Against Primary Care Physicians in Chengdu, China: A Cross-sectional Survey.

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine workplace violence (WPV) toward primary care physicians (PCPs), including prevalence, associated factors, impacts, and response to WPV in Chengdu, China.

Methods: We used an online cross-sectional design to collect data from October to November 2022 with a structured self-administered questionnaire from a purposive sample of 568 PCPs in Chengdu city.

Results: Among the 490 valid questionnaires, 44.

Autonomic Nervous System in Bone Remodeling: From Mechanisms to Novel Therapies in Orthopedic Diseases.

Recent literature has increasingly demonstrated the significant function of autonomic nerves in regulating physiological and pathological changes associated with the skeletal system. Extensive studies have been conducted to understand the contribution of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to skeletal metabolic homeostasis and resistance to aseptic inflammation, specifically from the viewpoint of skeletal neurobiology. There have been plenty of studies on how the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), the two main branches of the ANS, regulate bone remodeling, which is the process of bone formation and resorption.

Tunable Photoluminescence of LiTaO3: Tb3+, Sm3+ For Dynamic Multimode Optical Anti-counterfeiting.

Currently, static fluorescent anti-counterfeiting technology struggles to cope with the increasingly sophisticated counterfeiting techniques, making the dynamic multimode regulation scheme an urgent necessity. Herein,  Sm3+ mono-/co-doped LiTaO3 (LTO) phosphors are prepared by high temperature solid state method. Under 254 nm excitation, the emission chromaticity of LTO: Tb3+, Sm3+ is modulated from green to yellow by increasing Sm3+ content due to Tb3+ → Sm3+ energy transfer.