Fluctuations of continuous soil moisture evaporation under different rainfall conditions during the growing period of the non-monsoon season, the eastern Loess Plateau.

Soil moisture is an important link between material and energy exchange between the land and atmosphere, and its evaporation loss is crucial to sustainable development of agriculture. Based on observations of long-term stable isotopes of soil moisture in the eastern Loess Plateau (ECLP) during the non-rainy season growing period, this study systematically explored soil water evaporation loss at different soil depths using the Craig-Gordon model and revealed the internal relationship between soil evaporation loss and environmental elements. Main findings included: (1) The soil moisture content showed a gradual decreasing trend, with a weak soil moisture δO fluctuation appearing in April, whereas a stronger fluctuation was observed in June.

Influences of variability of stable isotopes and composition of moisture sources on precipitation at multiple timescales in the Alpine regions of Central Asia.

The accurate representation of variability of isotopic composition of modern precipitation based on long-term continuous monitoring is vital for interpreting hydrological and climatic processes. Based on measurements of δH and δO of 353 precipitation samples from five stations in the Alpine Mountains of Central Asia (ACA) during 2013-2015, the spatiotemporal variability of isotopic composition of precipitation and its controlling factors under multiple timescales were explored. Results showed that (1) the stable isotopes in precipitation at multiple timescales displayed an obviously inconsistent trend, especially in winter.

Spatio-Temporal Development of Vegetation Carbon Sinks and Sources in the Arid Region of Northwest China.

Drylands, which account for 41% of Earth's land surface and are home to more than two billion people, play an important role in the global carbon balance. This study analyzes the spatio-temporal patterns of vegetation carbon sinks and sources in the arid region of northwest China (NWC), using the net ecosystem production (NEP) through the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA). It quantitatively evaluates regional ecological security over a 20-year period (2000-2020) via a remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) and other ecological indexes, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), fraction of vegetation cover (FVC), net primary productivity (NPP), and land use.

Differences in Carbon Sequestration Ability of Diverse Tartary Buckwheat Genotypes in Barren Soil Caused by Microbial Action.

Planting plants to increase soil carbon input has been widely used to achieve carbon neutrality goals. Tartary buckwheat not only has good barren tolerance but is also rich in nutrients and very suitable for planting in barren areas. However, the effects of different genotypes of Tartary buckwheat roots and rhizosphere microorganisms on soil carbon input are still unclear.

[Ecological security characteristics of main irrigated agricultural areas on the Loess Plateau based on remote sensing information].

Ecological security is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of regional economy and society. We analyzed the change characteristics of fraction vegetation coverage (FVC) and remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) of four irrigated agriculture regions of the Loess Plateau (Yinchuan Plain, Hetao Plain, Fenhe River Valley and Weihe River Plain) based on the remote sensing data from 2000 to 2018. The results showed that the FVC decreased in the study area from 2000 to 2018.

[Distribution characteristics of soil water and nutrients in pear orchard and their relationship with yields in loess hilly region].

We analyzed soil water, nutrients, and yields in three different slope sites in the sloping farmland under Yuluxiang pear planted in the loess hilly region of Western Shanxi, across the growth periods and different soil depths. The results showed that: 1) The yield of pear was in the order of high slope site > middle slope site > low slope site. In high slope site, the yield was significantly correlated with soil water content (SWC), soil organic matter (SOM), available potassium (AK), with AK showing the most significant effect.

[Orographic Influences on the Spatial Distribution of PM on the Fen-Wei Plain].

Topography not only has an effect on the spatial distribution of pollutants by restricting populations and industrial activities, but also affects the formation, transmission, accumulation, diffusion, and sedimentation of PM. Topography is, therefore, an essential variable for understanding the spatial distribution of PM, especially in basin areas. Based on gridded data and both natural and human indexes, this paper examines orographic effects on the distribution of PM on the Fen-Wei Plain based on the change point method, regression, the geographical detector method, and bivariate spatial autocorrelation.

Effects of vegetation cover and slope on soil erosion in the Eastern Chinese Loess Plateau under different rainfall regimes.

Soil erosion is a critical environmental problem of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). The effects of vegetation cover on soil erosion reduction under different rainfall types are not well understood especially in the eastern Chinese Loess Plateau (ECLP). In this study, we monitored runoff and sediment yield at the Fengjiagou water and soil conservation station with five types of vegetation cover (arbor trees (ARC), shrubs (SHC), arable (ABC), natural vegetation (NVC), and artificial grass (APC)) and three slope gradients (10°, 15°, and 20°) in the ECLP.

Spatial and temporal characteristics of stable isotopes in the Tarim River Basin.

By using 233 isotope samples, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations of δ(18)O and δ(2)H in precipitation and surface water, and the contribution of different water sources in the rivers within the Tarim River Basin (TRB), which receives snow/glacier meltwater, groundwater, and rainfall. Our study revealed a similar seasonal pattern of precipitation δ(18)O and δ(2)H at both the north and south edges of the basin, indicating the dominant effect of westerly air masses in the summer and the combined influence of westerly and polar air masses during the winter, although the southern part showed more complex precipitation processes in the summer. River water in the basin has relatively large temporal variations in both δ(18)O and δ(2)H showing a distinct seasonal pattern with lower isotope values in May than in September.

[Purification of plasmid DNA using anion-exchange chromatography and removal of endotoxin].

The plasmid DNA was purified using the Fractogel EMD TMAE (M) anion exchange media. The dynamic loading capacity of this media for plasmid DNA was 0.62 mg/mL.