Plastic nanoparticles cause proteome stress and aggregation by compromising cellular protein homeostasis ex vivo and in vivo.

Decomposition of plastic materials into minuscule particles and their long-term uptake pose increasing concerns on environmental sustainability and biosafety. Besides common cell viability and cytotoxicity evaluations, how plastic nanoparticles interfere with different stress response pathways and affect cellular fitness has been less explored. Here, we provided the first piece of evidence to demonstrate plastic nanoparticles potentially can deteriorate proteome stability, compromise cellular protein homeostasis, and consequently cause global proteome misfolding and aggregation.

Solvatochromic Cellular Stress Sensors Reveal the Compactness Heterogeneity and Dynamics of Aggregated Proteome.

Deterioration of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) often induces aberrant proteome aggregation. Visualization and dissection of the stressed proteome are of particular interest given their association with numerous degenerative diseases. Recent progress in chemical cellular stress sensors allows for direct visualization of aggregated proteome.

Derivatizing Nile Red fluorophores to quantify the heterogeneous polarity upon protein aggregation in the cell.

Protein aggregation in the cell is often manifested by the formation of subcellular punctate structures. Herein, we modulated the solvatochromism and solubility of Nile Red fluorophore derivatives to quantitatively study the polarity inside pathogenic protein aggregates, revealing structure- and protein-dependent polarity heterogeneity.

Dynamic calibration and compensation method of a large-scale laser beam based on specular reflection for a nonorthogonal shaft laser theodolite measurement system.

The nonorthogonal shaft laser theodolite (N-theodolite) measurement system is a new kind of instrument that can be applied to large-scale metrology. Different from traditional theodolites, the three axes of the N-theodolite have no requirements on the orthogonality and intersection. For the measurement in laser scale, the parameters of the system on a large scale must be known.

Dynamic calibration method of the laser beam for a non-orthogonal shaft laser theodolite measurement system.

The non-orthogonal shaft laser theodolite (N-theodolite) measurement system is a new kind of instrument applied to large-scale metrology. The system consists of two identical N-theodolites, each of which is made up of a two-dimensional rotary table and one collimated laser. The three axes of the N-theodolite have no strict requirements on their orthogonality and intersection conditions.