Ganoderma lucidum extract reverses multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells through inhibiting ATPase activity of the P-glycoprotein via MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

Breast cancer represents a persistent global health challenge, with multidrug resistance (MDR) posing a significant obstacle to effective treatment. In this study, we investigate the potential of Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) in reversing MDR in breast cancer and delve into the underlying mechanisms. We establish a robust in vitro 3D model of breast cancer with acquired MDR induced by paclitaxel.

Soy Peptide Supplementation Mitigates Undernutrition through Reprogramming Hepatic Metabolism in a Novel Undernourished Non-Human Primate Model.

In spite of recent advances in the field of undernutrition, current dietary therapy relying on the supply of high protein high calorie formulas is still plagued with transient recovery of impaired organs resulting in significant relapse of cases. This is partly attributed to the inadequacy of current research models in recapitulating clinical undernutrition for mechanistic exploration. Using 1636 Macaca fascicularis monkeys, a human-relevant criterion for determining undernutrition weight-for-age z-score (WAZ), with a cutoff point of ≤ -1.

Interaction-based screening, Monte Carlo Bayesian inference-based de novo design and in vitro verification of adenine-binding peptide.

One of the main reasons for hyperuricemia is high purine intake. The primary strategy for treating hyperuricemia is blocking the purine metabolism enzyme. However, by binding the purine bases directly, we suggested a unique therapeutic strategy that might interfere with purine metabolism.

Exome-Based Amino Acid Optimization: A Dietary Strategy to Satisfy Human Nutritional Demands and Enhance Muscle Strength in Breast Tumor Mice Undergoing Chemotherapy.

Breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy often experience muscle wasting and weakness, which impact their quality of life. A potential solution lies in customizing amino acid compositions based on exome-derived formulations (ExAAs). The study hypothesized that tailoring dietary amino acids using ExAAs could enhance muscle health.

Dual-ligand lanthanide metal-organic framework for ratiometric fluorescence detection of the anthrax biomarker dipicolinic acid.

Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is a unique biomarker of Bacillus anthracis. Development of a simple, fast, sensitive and timely DPA detection method is of great importance and interest for preventing mass disease outbreaks and treatment of anthrax. In this work, a novel lanthanide-doped fluorescence probe was constructed by coordination of Eu with bifunctional UiO-66-(COOH)-NH MOFs materials for efficient monitoring DPA.

L-histidine functionalized ZiF-8 with aggregation-induced emission for detection of tetracycline.

In this study, we constructed zinc based metal-organic framework functionalized by L-histidine (His@ZiF-8). The His@ZiF-8 had high porosity, large surface area, abundant carboxyl and amino group, which has been found to greatly enhance the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) of tetracycline (TC). After the His@ZiF-8 enrichment with TC, the TC exhibited strong fluorescence emission peak at 565 nm based on AIE.

Effect of oral and intraperitoneal administration of walnut-derived pentapeptide PW5 on cognitive impairments in APP/PS1 mice.

Food-derived bioactive peptides, encrypted in native protein sequence, have attracted enormous research attention due to its potential in the prevention and/or treatment of a broad range of diseases. However, administration route poses a great challenge to their development and commercial applications. Patient-friendly delivery of bioactive peptides which also enhances its efficacy urgently remain to be addressed.

Silver nanoparticles combined with amino-functionalized UiO-66 for sensitive detection of glutathione.

Herein, a fluorescent nanosensor has been constructed for detection of glutathione (GSH) based on NH-UiO-66 and AgNPs. The NH-UiO-66 was synthesized where 2-amino-terephthalic acid as the organic ligand and Zr as the center metal ions. The AgNPs can enhance the fluorescence of NH-UiO-66 based on metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) effect.

A sensitive fluorescence "turn on" nanosensor for glutathione detection based on Ce-MOF and gold nanoparticles.

Glutathione (GSH) as an essential biothiol maintains redox homeostasis in human body, the aberrant level of it has been related to various diseases. In this work, we constructed a facile and environment-friendly strategy by using Ce based metal-organic frameworks and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for detection of GSH. The fluorescence intensity of the Ce-MOF was quenched by AuNPs, which is ascribed to the existence of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and electrostatic interaction between Ce-MOFs and AuNPS.

Exploring the microbiota-Alzheimer's disease linkage using short-term antibiotic treatment followed by fecal microbiota transplantation.

Gut microbiota is proven to be involved in the development of beta amyloid (Aβ) pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since there are difficulties in translating microbiota findings based on germ-free mice into clinical practice, here, we used short-term antibiotic cocktail treatment to develop a novel model with a near-germ-free status and without impacting Aβ pathology. Three months old APP/PS1 mice were fed with antibiotic cocktails for two weeks by gavage to obtain a near "germ-free" status, and then received the donor fecal matter from the 16 months old APP/PS1 mice for 7 consecutive days.

Ratiometric fluorescent sensing for phosphate based on Eu/Ce/UiO-66-(COOH) nanoprobe.

The sensing of phosphate anion (PO) is an important subject for human health and environmental monitoring. Herein, a unique ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe based on postsynthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks (MOF) UiO-66-(COOH) with Eu and Ce ions toward PO was proposed (designated as Eu/Ce/Uio-66-(COOH)). The Eu/Ce/Uio-66-(COOH) nanoprobe exhibits three emission peaks at 377 nm, 509 nm, and 621 nm with the single excitation wavelength at 250 nm, respectively.

Identification of Microbiota within Aβ Plaque in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mouse.

Microbes like viruses, bacteria, and fungi have all been reported in the brain of Alzheimer's postmortem patients and/or AD mouse model; however, the relationship between brain microbes and Aβ plaque deposition remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we first analyzed bacteria populations in the brain of 4-, 5-, and 6-month-old APP/PS1 mice and then examined the Aβ-positive loads of APP/PS1 mouse at 9 months old to identify bacteria in the brain by 16S rDNA sequencing. Finally, blood-brain barrier permeability was measured by injecting dextrans through the tail vein.

Characterization and analysis of antioxidant activity of walnut-derived pentapeptide PW5 via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The antioxidative activity of natural products has commonly been studied by free radical scavenging methods. However, the mechanisms by which antioxidation is explored by free radical scavenging methods remain largely unknown. This study analyzed the composition of walnut-derived pentapeptides PW5 with potential biological activity and its oxidation reaction products in 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) test by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Boric-acid-modified FeO@PDA@UiO-66 for enrichment and detection of glucose by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Herein, boric-acid-modified multifunctional Zr-based metal-organic frameworks (denoted as FeO@PDA@B-UiO-66) were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction and surface modification. Compared to traditional matrix, FeO@PDA@B-UiO-66 has the advantages of high ionization efficiency, high surface area, low matrix background, porous structure, and numerous boric-acid-active sites. By combining matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), FeO@PDA@B-UiO-66 was used as an adsorbent and matrix for enrichment and detection of glucose, based on a specific reaction between boric acid and glucose.

Synthesis of magnetic core-shell FeO@PDA@Cu-MOFs composites for enrichment of microcystin-LR by MALDI-TOF MS analysis.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a toxin released from cyanobacteria in eutrophicated water. MC-LR is the most abundant and the most toxic among microcystins. In this work, core-shell structured copper-based magnetic metal-organic framework (FeO@PDA@Cu-MOFs) composites were synthesized a solvothermal reaction and a sol-gel method.

Astrocytic trans-Differentiation Completes a Multicellular Paracrine Feedback Loop Required for Medulloblastoma Tumor Growth.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for tumor progression. However, the establishment and function of the TME remain obscure because of its complex cellular composition. Using a mouse genetic system called mosaic analysis with double markers (MADMs), we delineated TME evolution at single-cell resolution in sonic hedgehog (SHH)-activated medulloblastomas that originate from unipotent granule neuron progenitors in the brain.

New Discoveries in Hybrid Orbitals to Characterize Molecules and Predict Biomolecular Interactions.

Taking hydrogen bonds as a basis to explore biomolecular properties and interactions, we constructed the lone-pair electron (LPE) index and a molecular orbital fingerprint based on molecular hybrid orbitals to represent the ability of molecules to form hydrogen bonds. Then, a computational model was constructed to predict molecular interactions. The LPE and orbital fingerprint could effectively predict the biological properties and bioactivities of molecules.

Mid infrared light treatment attenuates cognitive decline and alters the gut microbiota community in APP/PS1 mouse model.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the first most neurodegenerative disease in the elderly still has no effective therapy, suggesting that the intervention toolbox for AD should be expanded. One newly developed strategy involves the use of photobiomodulation, such as near infrared or far infrared light, which has proven to attenuate AD-associated pathology. However, the efficacy of mid infrared light (MIR) in treating AD is under investigated.

Walnut-Derived Peptide PW5 Ameliorates Cognitive Impairments and Alters Gut Microbiota in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice.

Scope: Decreasing β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation is of significance in finding therapeutic candidates for cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study is to investigate the potency of the active components of walnut protein in decreasing Aβ aggregation and ameliorating cognitive impairments.

Methods And Results: Cell model of intracellular Aβ42 aggregation is used to explore the active ingredients in walnut protein hydrolysate (WPH).

Novel xanthine oxidase-based cell model using HK-2 cell for screening antihyperuricemic functional compounds.

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease caused by disorders of purine metabolism, the prevalence of which has increased worldwide. Here, a cell model for high uric acid production was established in vitro employing cultured human kidney cells (HK-2 cells), and its molecular basis was analyzed using gene expression profile. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to monitor the content of metabolites in cell culture media.

Identification of specific modules and hub genes associated with the progression of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) has high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Abundant literature has reported several individual genes and their related pathways intimately involved in tumor progression. However, little is known about GC progression at the gene network level.

Improved multi-objective clustering algorithm using particle swarm optimization.

Multi-objective clustering has received widespread attention recently, as it can obtain more accurate and reasonable solution. In this paper, an improved multi-objective clustering framework using particle swarm optimization (IMCPSO) is proposed. Firstly, a novel particle representation for clustering problem is designed to help PSO search clustering solutions in continuous space.

Antifouling Thermoplastic Composites with Maleimide Encapsulated in Clay Nanotubes.

An antifouling ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) coating with halloysite clay nanotubes loaded with maleimide (TCPM) is prepared. Such antifoulant encapsulation allowed for extended release of TCPM and a long-lasting, efficient protection of the coated surface against marine microorganisms proliferation. Halloysite also induces the composite's anisotropy due to parallel alignment of the nanotubes.