Quantitative proteomics analysis reveals the pathogenesis of obstructed defecation syndrome caused by abnormal expression of dystrophin.

Background: Obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) represents the most prevalent form of chronic constipation, affecting a diverse patient population, leading to numerous complications, and imposing a significant burden on healthcare resources. Most ODS patients have insufficient rectal propulsion, but the exact mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of ODS remains unclear.

Aim: To explore the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of ODS.

Identifying novel therapeutic targets in gastric cancer using genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening.

Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screening technology is a powerful tool to systematically identify genes essential for cancer cell survival. Herein, TKOv3, a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out library, was screened in the gastric cancer (GC) cells, and relevant validation experiments were performed. We obtained 854 essential genes for the AGS cell line, and 184 were novel essential genes.

Role of Tenascin-X in regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in pathogenesis of slow transit constipation.

Background: Chronic constipation is a gastrointestinal functional disease that seriously harms physical and mental health and impacts the quality of life of patients. Its incidence rate is 2%-27%. Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common type of chronic functional constipation, accounting for 10.

Surgical outcomes of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic caecorectal anastomosis vs total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis for intractable slow-transit constipation.

Background: Few studies have compared the surgical outcomes of different surgical procedures currently used to treat refractory colonic slow-transit constipation (STC), despite the increase in the number of cases. This study aimed to analyse the long-term surgical outcomes of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic caecorectal anastomosis (SC-ACRA) vs total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TC-IRA) for severe STC.

Methods: Between January 2005 and January 2015, we retrospectively collected clinical data of 55 patients who underwent TC-IRA (=35) or SC-ACRA (=20) for severe STC at our institution.

Report of a rare case and review of adult intestinal duplication at the opposite side of mesenteric margin.

Context: To study the previously discovered clinical entity of adult intestinal duplication and its treatment, and propose an extension to its existing classification.

Case Report: We report the case of an adult male with abdominal pain, constipation and vomiting. This patient underwent surgical separation of adhesions, reduction of torsion and intestinal decompression.

Transanal surgery for obstructed defecation syndrome: Literature review and a single-center experience.

Obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) is a functional disorder commonly encountered by colorectal surgeons and gastroenterologists, and greatly affects the quality of life of patients from both societal and psychological aspects. The underlying anatomical and pathophysiological changes of ODS are complex. However, intra-rectal intussusception and rectocele are frequently found in patients with ODS and both are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ODS.

Correlation of Musashi-1, Lgr5, and pEGFR expressions in human small intestinal adenocarcinomas.

Recent studies have revealed that Musashi-1 and Lgr5 (leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5) were putative stem cell genes. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has also been extensively studied; it was known as an oncogenic driver in cancers. Overexpressions of Musashi-1, EGFR, and Lgr5 have been reported in some tumor tissues and cell lines.

[Total colonic exclusion plus side to side ileorectal antiperistaltic anastomosis in the treatment for elderly patients with slow transit constipation].

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of total colonic exclusion plus side to side antiperistaltic ileorectal anastomosis in the treatment for elderly patients with slow transit constipation (STC).

Methods: Clinical data of 13 patients with severe idiopathic STC undergoing the above novel procedure in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between May 2009 and September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The Wexner constipation score and gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) before and 6 months after operation were compared.

Molecular alterations of EGFR in small intestinal adenocarcinoma.

Background And Aims: Molecular testing for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations has recently become a standard practice for the management of patients with non-squamous none small cell lung cancer. Primary small intestine adenocarcinoma (SIA) is an uncommon malignancy, and EGFR mutation in the cancer has not been well characterized due to its rarity.

Methods: A micro-tissue array with 53 SIAs and 24 surgically resected primary non-ampullary SIAs were studied.

Current role of surgery for the treatment of fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis.

Objective: This review discusses the current status and progress in studies on fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis (FCDC), including the definition, risk factor, diagnostic role of CT, surgical treatment, postoperative mortality, and new therapeutic strategy.

Data Sources: A literature search was conducted mainly in Medline and PubMed published in English between January 2000 and May 2011. The search terms were "ulminant Clostridium difficile colitis" "reatment", "urgery" and "ortality"

Results: Recent studies show that the overall mortality rate for FCDC remains high despite early surgical intervention.

[Experimental study of acellular dermal matrix biological patch enriched with bone marrow mesenchymal cells for the treatment of external anal sphincter injury].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)with the acellular dermal matrix(ADM) biological patch for the treatment of external anal sphincter injury on the animal models.

Methods: Thirty Wistar rats with sphincter injury were randomly divided into three groups. Group A underwent end to end sphincteric repair directly, group B underwent end to end repair and then covered by ADM patch, and group C underwent end to end repair and then covered by ADM which was previously seeded with MSC.

[Use of antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy in colorectal reconstruction].

Objective: To explore the feasibility and functional outcome of antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy in colorectal reconstruction.

Methods: Fifty-six patients who underwent antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy were retrospectively studied. Indications for antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy included slow transit constipation(n=44), synchronous colon cancer or colonic polyps(n=5), acute obstructing left colon carcinoma(n=4), and adult megacolon(n=3).

[Association of vascular endothelial growth factor 936C/T polymorphism and the susceptibility to colorectal adenoma].

Objective: To examine the association between polymorphism of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)1498 C/T,936 C/T and colorectal adenoma genetic susceptibility.

Methods: A case-control study of 224 colorectal adenomas and 200 controls was conducted and VEGF genotypes were determined based on TaqMan-probe assay. The epidemiological factors were collected through questionnaire.

[Comparison of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy and total colectomy with ileoproctostomy in treating slow transit constipation].

Objective: To compare clinical outcome and quality of life of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy and total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TAC-IRA) in patients with severe slow transit constipation (STC).

Methods: Of the 56 patients enrolled in this study from January 1999 to June 2008, 32 cases underwent subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy, and 20 patients underwent TAC-IRA. The patients' clinical characteristics, operative data, postoperative outcome, functional result and gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) survey were compared between the two groups.

Expression of putative stem cell genes Musashi-1 and beta1-integrin in human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.

Background And Aims: Recent studies revealed that Musashi-1and beta1-integrin were putative stem cell genes. Overexpressions of Musashi-1 and beta1-integrin have been reported in some tumor tissues and cell lines. This study was to detect expressions of the two genes in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas and to analyze the correlation between Musashi-1 and beta1-integrin.

[Efficacy comparison of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy and total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis for patients with slow transit constipation].

Objective: To compare the efficacy between subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy and total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TAC-IRA) for patients with severe refractory slow transit constipation(STC).

Methods: During 1999 to 2002, TAC-IRA was the preferred procedure for 20 STC patients in our department. From 2003 to 2005, 17 STC patients underwent subtotal colectomy plus antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy.

Role of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and Survivin in colorectal carcinoma progression.

Background And Aims: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) is the main active subunit of HIF-1 that promoted tumor cells survival and critical steps in tumor progression and aggressiveness. The authors aimed to investigate the role of HIF-1 alpha and Survivin in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression.

Materials And Methods: Plasmid expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) against HIF-1 alpha was constructed and transfected into LS174T cells with Lipofectamine.

Subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy for selected patients with slow transit constipation-from Chinese report.

Background And Aims: Total abdominal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TAC-IRA) is recommended widely for the patients with severe, refractory slow transit constipation (STC). Subtotal colectomy with end-to-end antiperistaltic cecorectal anastomosis (Sarli procedure), an alternative for STC, has been paid particular attention. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare alterations of clinical functions and qualities of life between TAC-IRA and Sarli procedure.

Anatomical variations of the cystic duct: two case reports.

Anatomical variations of the cystic duct often occur and may be encountered during cholecystectomy. Knowledge of the variable anatomy of the cystic duct and cysticohepatic junction is important to avoid significant ductal injury in biliary surgery. Here, we present two unusual cases with an anomalous cystic duct, namely, low lateral insertion and narrow-winding of the cystic duct.

[Long-term results of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy in chronic slow-transit constipation].

Objective: To assess the long-term results after subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy in idiopathic chronic slow-transit constipation.

Methods: Between January 2003 and February 2004, 14 patients with chronic slow-transit constipation and 2 patients with mixed constipation underwent subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy. The following information was collected during follow-up (mean 3 years): number of bowel movement, stool consistency, complications, quality of life and degree of satisfaction.

Prognostic significance of HIF-2alpha/EPAS1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To evaluate the prognostic significance of HIF-2alpha/EPAS1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Surgical specimens from 315 patients with HCC as well as 196 adjacent noncancerous lesions and 22 cases of normal liver tissue were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for HIF-2alpha/EPAS1 using a standard detection system. Correlations with clinicopathological factors, VEGF, microvessel density (MVD), and prognosis were analyzed.

Expression levels and significance of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in human colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a transcription factor, is overexpressed in common human cancers and their metastases. This study aimed at determining the expression levels of HIF-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in SW480 cells and in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue and ascertaining whether HIF-1alpha and VEGF play important roles in tumor angiogenesis.

Methods: HIF-1alpha mRNA expression was analyzed using in situ hybridization and RT-PCR.

[Expression and pathobiological implication of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in human colorectal carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the transcription level and protein expression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF in SW480 cell line and colorectal adenocarcinoma, and to determine whether HIF-1alpha plays a role in angiogenesis through its regulation of VEGF.

Methods: HIF-1alpha mRNA expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization. HIF-1alpha and VEGF protein expressions were determined by immunochemical streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) in SW480 cells and colorectal carcinoma tissue samples and Western blot, using proteins extracted from SW480 cells.

[Relationship of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1alpha) gene expression with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD) in human colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma].

Background & Objective: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha), a transcriptional factor response to hypoxia plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis. This study was designed to examine the expression of HIF-1alpha gene and its relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein and microvessel density (MVD).

Methods: HIF-1alpha gene expression was analyzed using in situ hybridization, and VEGF expression levels were determined by immunohistochemistry in colorectal adenomas and primary colorectal adenocarcinomas.