Manipulating perovskite structural asymmetry for high-performing self-powered full-stokes polarimetry.

Developing direct full-stokes imaging polarimetry is essential for various applications but remains challenging. Perovskites have superior optoelectronic properties and structural diversity, making them ideal candidates for high-performing direct full-stokes polarimetry. However, perovskite suffers low chiroptical activity due to inefficient chiral transfer, which greatly limits its circular-polarization-vector discrimination.

Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two-Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(Ga)Se Tandem Solar Cells.

Two-terminal (2-T) perovskite (PVK)/CuIn(Ga)Se (CIGS) tandem solar cells (TSCs) have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limits. However, the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIGS prevents people from improving tandem device performances. In this paper, D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIGS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK crystals.

Interface Energy-Level Reorganization for Efficient Perovskite γ-Ray Detectors.

Metal halide perovskites are promising candidates for gamma-ray (γ-ray) spectrum detectors. However, achieving high-resolution energy spectra in single-photon pulse-height analysis mode remains challenging, due to the inevitable leakage currents degrade the recognizable fingerprint energies which is critical for resolving γ-ray spectroscopy. We demonstrate under high bias voltage, a deficient contact barrier can lead to excessive surface charge injection, thereby increasing leakage current from electrodes to perovskites.

Uniaxial-Oriented Chiral Perovskite for Flexible Full-Stokes Polarimeter.

Full-Stokes polarization detection, with high integration and portability, offers an efficient path toward next-gen multi-information optoelectronic systems. Nevertheless, current techniques relying on optical filters create rigid and bulky configurations, limiting practicality. Here, a flexible, filter-less full-Stokes polarimeter featuring a uniaxial-oriented chiral perovskite film is first reported.

Doping with KBr to Achieve High-Performance CsPbBr Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells.

Wide-bandgap semitransparent perovskite photovoltaics are emerging as one of the ideal candidates for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). However, surface defects in inorganic CsPbBr perovskite prepared by vapor deposition severely limit the optoelectronic performance of perovskite solar cells. To address this issue, a strategy of doping a trace amount of KBr into perovskite by vapor deposition is adopted, effectively improving the quality of the film, reducing surface defect concentration, and enhancing the transportation and extraction of charge carriers.

Lipopolysaccharides protect mesenchymal stem cell against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury by HMGB1/STAT3 signaling.

Background: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a serious and irreversible injury. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered to be a potential therapy for I/R injury due to the paracrine effects. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel mediator in MSC and regulates the response of inflammation injury.

Association between Serum Uric Acid and Hypertension in a Large Cross-Section Study in a Chinese Population.

Background: The association of serum uric acid (SUA) with hypertension has been well established in Caucasian populations. However, its association with hypertension in Chinese remained to be clarified. Methods: Consecutive patients, homogeneous in Chinese Han ethnicity, aged ≥18 years, abstracted from the database, admitted from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2013, were included for potential analysis.

Low-nitrite generation Cu-Co/Ti cathode materials for electrochemical nitrate reduction.

In order to reduce by-product nitrite, a more toxic compound than nitrate, and increase high value-added products ammonia in the electrochemical reduction nitrate process, the novel Cu-Co/Ti cathode material was applied in this process. In this paper, the electrochemical process was carried out in a single compartment electrolytic cell, and with Cu-Co/Ti electrode as cathode, identifying the effects of current density, pH, electrolytes in the nitrate reduction, and the distribution of products. The Cu-Co/Ti cathode exhibited 94.

LPS preconditioning of MSC-CM improves protection against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced damage in H9c2 cells partly via HMGB1/Bach1 signalling.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction; however, this cardioprotective effect is moderate and transient. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment partially improves MSC-CM-mediated cardioprotective effects owing to the presence of paracrine factors. However, the mechanism underlying these improved effects remains unknown.

The Evaluation of the Distance Learning Combining Webinars and Virtual Simulations for Senior Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Period.

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has forced many schools to adopt distance teaching. This study developed a distance learning program that combines webinars and virtual simulations to meet students' learning needs.

Methods: A descriptive and quasi-experimental design was used.

Effect of anion-exchange membrane type for FCDI performance at different concentrations.

Brackish water was an important alternative source of freshwater. Desalination using flow electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) needs to explore the role of ion exchange membranes (IEM) of FCDI. In this study, brackish water was desalinated using FCDI, and anion exchange membranes with different characteristics were used in the FCDI cell to investigate their influence.

Lipopolysaccharide-pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium optimized with 10 kDa filter attenuates the injury of H9c2 cardiomyocytes in a model of hypoxia/reoxygenation.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) improves cardiac function, which is partly attributed to the released paracrine factors. Since such cardioprotection is moderate and transient, it is essential that MSC-CM's effective components are optimized to alleviate myocardial injury. To optimize MSC-CM, MSCs were treated with or without lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) for 48 h (serum-free), and the supernatant was collected.

Simulation in disaster nursing education: A scoping review.

Objectives: Disasters are gradually increasing in type and frequency throughout the globe. Simulation is being used in disaster nursing teaching and training. The aim of this scoping review was to systematically map the extent and application of simulation in disaster nursing education.

Experimental study on the effects of blending PODE on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of heavy-duty diesel engines meeting China VI emission standard.

To study the influence of diesel fuel blended with polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE), a new alternative fuel with a high oxygen content and large cetane number, on the combustion characteristics, fuel economies, and emission characteristics of heavy-duty diesel engines that meet China VI emission standards, relevant tests were conducted on a supercharged intercooled high-pressure common-rail diesel engine. The PODE were blended with diesel fuel at three different ratios (volume fractions of 10%, 20%, and 30%). The test results showed that the PODE could optimize the combustion process of diesel engines that met the China VI emission standards, effectively improve the thermal efficiencies of diesel engines, and reduce the emissions of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and soot.

Three learning modalities' impact on clinical judgment and perceptions in newly graduated registered nurses: A quasi-experimental study.

Newly graduated registered nurses face numerous challenges stemming from high patient workload, complicated interpersonal relationships, and a lack of nursing competence, which can lead to transitional shocks. Clinical judgment and confidence are well-known keys to successful role transitions for these nurses. Simulation training is proposed as a new modality for enhancing comprehensive clinical competence of nurses, but current evidence on the impact of different simulations on nurses' clinical judgment and confidence are still limited or inconsistent.

Baccalaureate nursing students' experiences with high-fidelity simulation: protocol for a qualitative systematic review.

Introduction: High-fidelity simulation (HFS) can bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and nursing practice and improve safety and quality of patient care in baccalaureate nursing education. Although inconsistent assessment instruments or lack of high-quality research designs affect the strength of the evidence and limit the generalisability of the results, quantitative studies generally demonstrate the effectiveness of HFS in baccalaureate nursing education. Synthesis of the existing evidence of baccalaureate nursing students' experiences with HFS is crucial for the improvement and revision of simulation design and teaching.

The metabolites and biotransformation pathways in vivo after oral administration of ocotillol, RT , and PF.

Ocotillol, pseudo-ginsenoside RT5 (RT ), and pseudo-ginsenoside F (PF ) are ocotillol-type saponins that have the same aglycone structure but with different numbers of glucose at the C-6 position. In this study, the metabolites of ocotillol, RT , and PF in rat plasma, stomach, intestine, urine, and feces after oral administration were investigated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results showed that RT was easily biotransformed into metabolites in vivo, whereas PF and RT were difficult to be biotransformed.

Different absorption and metabolism of ginsenosides after the administration of total ginsenosides and decoction of Panax ginseng.

Rationale: Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (PG), which contains polysaccharides and ginsenosides as the major bioactive components, has been used to promote health and treat diseases for thousands of years in China.

Effect of antiplatelet pretreatment on platelet aggregation and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator.

Early administration of antiplatelet agents in acute ischemic stroke patients (AIS) receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a potential therapeutic strategy, however, safety and efficacy are not well established. We hypothesize that antiplatelet pretreatment (AP) before IVT have a similarly role as initiation of AP within the first 24 hours following IVT. We aimed to explore the effect of AP on platelet aggregation and clinical outcomes in thrombolysis-treated AIS patients.

Removing PFOA and nitrate by quaternary ammonium compounds modified carbon and its mechanisms analysis: Effect of base, acid or oxidant pretreatment.

Acid/base/oxidant pretreatment influenced subsequent quaternary ammonium epoxide compounds modified carbon (QAE-AC) and hence PFOA and nitrate removal. This work discerned that the most favorable QAE-AC protocol for PFOA removal was achieved when the wood carbon pretreated with HNO3 to adjust the carbon's slurry pH to 4.77, and tailored with the QUAB188.

High adsorption performance of synthesized hexametaphosphate green rust towards Cr(VI) removal and its mechanism explorations.

Hexametaphosphate intercalated green rust (hexa-P GR) was fabricated by a coprecipitation process in an anaerobic environment to improve the adsorption of hexa-P GR for Cr(VI) and the total Cr under various aqueous conditions. Three kinetic models including the pseudo-first-order, intraparticle, and Elovich were appropriate in describing the adsorption of hexa-P GR towards Cr(VI) and the total Cr. The maximum mono-layer adsorption capacities (mg/g) of hexa-P GR for Cr(VI) at pH of 2 and 7 were 87.

Pharmacokinetic Characterizations of Ginsenoside Ocotillol, RT5 and F11, the Promising Agents for Alzheimer's Disease from American Ginseng, in Rats and Beagle Dogs.

Background: Ocotillol, RT5 and F11, the main active components of ocotillol type ginsenosides, have attracted a lot of attention due to their beneficial effects on neurodegenerative disease models of Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacokinetic (PK) is a bridge linking the herbal medicines and their pharmacological responses. However, few data are available regarding PK behaviors of ocotillol type ginsenosides.

Sex differences in clinical characteristics and 1-year outcomes of young ischemic stroke patients in East China.

Background: Data concerning sex differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes of young ischemic stroke (IS) patients in Eastern China are scarce. Understanding sex differences in clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of young IS patients might provide valuable evidence for designing preventative measures and therapeutic interventions.

Methods: The study included 228 acute IS patients aged up to 50 years recruited in the prospective Nanjing First Hospital Stroke Registry over a 5-year period.