Rhinosinusal Inflammation and High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein: A New Target for Therapy.

Background/aims: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a protein belonging to the class of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules, which activates innate immunity and powerful inflammatory factors. The aim of this review is to show the importance of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of nasal inflammatory diseases and to suggest that inhibition of HMGB1 may be an innovative therapeutic target.

Methods: We used immunohistochemistry to study whether HMGB1 increases in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and whether its expression is associated with eosinophils and inflammatory cytokines.