Ampicillin-resistant and vancomycin-susceptible bacteremia: a clinical narrative review.

Introduction: is a commensal microorganism that can cause infections such as bacteremia. Incidence of ampicillin-resistant and vancomycin-susceptible (EfARSV) bacteremia is on the rise, and the mortality rate is high. Despite much data, the most appropriate treatment remains a question.

GEDEFO-SEFH management of antineoplastic extravasations survey results.

Introduction: Extravasation is a potentially severe complication of intravenous administration of antineoplastic drugs. The limited data makes it difficult to develop an optimal management scheme. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical practice in the extravasation management of antineoplastic agents in Spanish centers.

Treatment of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: facing age-related comorbidities and drug-drug interactions.

Introduction: Patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) are frequently poly-medicated due to age-related and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)-derived comorbidities. In high-risk patients, androgen receptor inhibitors (ARIs) have shown to delay disease progression; however, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with preexisting medications may impact the therapeutic effect and safety of these and of the ARIs themselves.

Areas Covered: We review the potential comorbidity burden of nmCRPC patients on the basis of epidemiologic studies on age-related comorbidities, the impact of ADT and specific studies analyzing this topic.

Impact of drug safety warnings and antimicrobial stewardship programme implementation on tigecycline prescribing: a prospective quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis.

Background: Tigecycline is the first member of the glycylcyclines. Both the FDA (2010 and 2013) and the EMA (2011) issued safety warnings describing an increased mortality risk associated with tigecycline compared with other antibiotics treating severe infections. One of the best strategies to optimize antimicrobial therapies is through the establishment of antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) in hospitals.

Primary care electronic medication record discrepancies in patients starting treatment at a hospital-based ambulatory care pharmacy and impact on prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions.

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of discrepancies between primary care electronic medication records (EMR) and patient reported medication (PRM) in ambulatory patients starting a hospital dispensing treatment (HDT) at a hospital-based ambulatory care pharmacy (HACPh). Our secondary aims were to analyse factors associated with the presence of discrepancies and their impact on the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with the HDT.

Methods: Retrospective study including 230 patients starting a HDT at the HACPh.

Pharmacological management of antifungal agents in pulmonary aspergillosis: an updated review.

Introduction: may cause different types of lung infections: invasive, chronic pulmonary or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Pharmacological management with antifungals poses as a challenge. Patients diagnosed with pulmonary aspergillosis are complex, as well as the problems associated with antifungal agents.

Classification of antineoplastic drug-induced tissue damage: a Consensus of the Spanish Oncology Pharmacy Group.

Objective: To reach at an expert consensus, using the Delphi method, for classifying the tissue-damaging potential of antineoplastic drugs, in  order to facilitate the decision-making process in the event of  extravasations.

Method: The panel of expert evaluators was made up of seven  pharmacists belonging to the working group on extravasations. Other  member served as coordinator.

Effectiveness and safety of a novel dexamethasone mouthwash formulation in managing stomatitis in cancer patients.

Objective: To present a new dexamethasone mouthwash formulation and  analyze its effectiveness and safety among patients receiving stomatitis-producing antineoplastic agents.

Method: Prospective observational study conducted in a university hospital between March 2017 and November 2019. Consecutive patients starting everolimus were enrolled.

Prognostic factors and effect on survival of immune-related adverse events in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint blockage.

Our aim was to describe the incidence and characteristics of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and to evaluate their impact on outcome. All cases of NSCLC patients treated with ICIs in the second-line setting between December 2015 and May 2018 were evaluated. Seventy patients were included.

Monoclonal antibody extravasations: Two case reports and literature review.

Introduction: Extravasation is a rare complication from intravenous chemotherapy administration. Literature about monoclonal antibody (MoAb) extravasations is scarce and also conflicting in how they are classified.

Case Report: We reported two different cases of MoAb extravasations with cetuximab and nivolumab outcome respectively.

Breast cancer, placing drug interactions in the spotlight: is polypharmacy the cause of everything?

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most prevalent and lethal cancer among women. Forty-one percent of cases occur in people ≥ 70 years, hindering their treatment given its comorbidities and polypharmacy (PP). Potential drug-drug interactions (PDDI) were analyzed in elderly breast cancer patients between daily and oncospecific treatments and their associations with Age, BMI, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Frailty categorization, PP, and adverse effects.

Linezolid vs glycopeptides in the treatment of glycopeptide-susceptible Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia: A propensity score matched comparative study.

Background: The incidence of ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia is increasing. Vancomycin remains the first-line treatment in areas with a high prevalence of glycopeptide-susceptible isolates, but data comparing its clinical outcomes with other treatments are lacking. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of linezolid and glycopeptides for the treatment of glycopeptide-susceptible E.

Targeted cancer therapy: interactions with other medicines.

Targeted therapy drugs, mainly those within the signal transduction inhibitors, are used more chronically than cytotoxic drugs and are metabolised by cytochrome P450 isozymes so patients are at high risk of having drug-drug interactions (DDI). Not only this, as the majority of them are given orally, new drug-drug interactions concerning gastrointestinal absorption can occur (e.g.

Enterococcal bloodstream infection. Design and validation of a mortality prediction rule.

Background: To develop a prediction rule to describe the risk of death as a result of enterococcal bloodstream infection.

Methods: A prediction rule was developed by analysing data collected from 122 patients diagnosed with enterococcal BSI admitted to the Clínica Universidad de Navarra (Pamplona, Spain); and validated by confirming its accuracy with the data of an external population (Hospital del Mar, Barcelona).

Results: According to this model, independent significant predictors for the risk of death were being diabetic, have received appropriate treatment, severe prognosis of the underlying diseases, have renal failure, received solid organ transplant, malignancy, source of the bloodstream infection and be immunosuppressed.

Hypersensitivity reaction caused by folinic acid administration: a case report and literature review.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is combined with folinic acid (FA) for enhancing its cytotoxic effects in the colon cancer chemotherapy treatment. Folinic acid has rarely been involved in hypersensitivity reactions. Here, we report a case of FA hypersensitivity in an adult patient initially attributed to oxaliplatin administered concurrently.

An overview of randomized clinical trials in metastatic breast cancer: variables affecting regulatory drug approval.

The aim of this study was to analyse trial variables affecting drug approval in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). A literature search from 2000 to 2012 retrieved 66 phase III randomized controlled trials with reported primary endpoints in MBC and known outcomes in terms of approval. The influence of the primary endpoint, the line of therapy, crossover and the sample size was analysed.

Design of a score to identify hospitalized patients at risk of drug-related problems.

Purpose: The potential impact of drug-related problems (DRP) on morbidity and mortality is a serious concern in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to design a risk score to identify patients most at risk of a DRP.

Methods: Data from patients admitted to a tertiary university hospital between January and August 2009 were used to design the risk score (training set).

[Influence of ethnicity on the pharmacokinetics of amikacin].

Objective: Despite the increasing ethnic diversity, there are few studies of its influence on the pharmacokinetics of amikacin. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of amikacin in different populations: Asian, Hispanic, North Africans and Caucasian.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed in a tertiary teaching hospital during eight years.