Parasitologic findings in percutaneous drainage of human hydatid liver cysts.

Percutaneous drainage under ultrasonographic guidance was carried out on 12 patients with liver cysts and 1 with an abdominal cyst. In 8 the cyst was proved to be of hydatid origin by means of direct detection of parasites in the aspirated fluid. In these individuals a 95% ethanol solution was subsequently introduced into the cystic cavity and slowly removed over 30 min.

Norfloxacin versus cotrimoxazole for infection prophylaxis in granulocytopenic patients with acute leukemia. A prospective randomized study.

Norfloxacin (NOR) or cotrimoxazole (TMP/SMX) were randomly administered to 59 granulocytopenic patients with acute leukemia for prevention of bacterial infections. Nineteen NOR patients (65%) and 22 TMP/SMX patients (73%) complained of febrile or infectious episodes during the study. The mean incidence of febrile complications per patient was higher in the TMP/SMX group: 1.

[A clinical study on the use of norfloxacin in the therapy of urethritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis].

Norfloxacin (NOR) was given to 37 patients affected by urethritis due to Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), as demonstrated by clinical findings and fluorescent monoclonal antibody in urethral swab. The patients were divided into two groups according to a randomization list, and given either: NOR 400 mg t.i.

Treatment of bone and soft tissue infections with teicoplanin.

The use of teicoplanin was evaluated in a group of 33 patients, which included 18 prosthetic infections, seven with osteomyelitis, five skin and soft tissue infections, and three cases of septic arthritis. The bacterial pathogens isolated were 27 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin sensitive 18; methicillin resistant 9), Staph. hominis (2), Staph.

In vitro antibacterial activity of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime, alone or in combination, against gram-positive cocci.

The in vitro activity of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime against Staphylococcus aureus, Staph. epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes was investigated. Synergy studies were performed using time-kill curves and the chequerboard test.

Nosocomial epidemic of active tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients.

In an investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis, 18 HIV-infected inpatients were found to have been exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis; active tuberculosis developed in 8, 7 within 60 days of diagnosis of the index case. The patients with lower total lymphocyte and CD4 lymphocyte counts were more likely to get the disease than were those with higher counts. A low score on multiple antigen skin testing was also associated with the development of active tuberculosis.

[Lactitol and neomycin: monotherapy or combined therapy in the prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?].

The beneficial effect of disaccharides, lactulose and lactitol, in prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy is well established but their use in combination with neomycin is still controversial. We studied in vitro the fecal bacterial growth, acid and gas formation in presence of lactitol (beta-galactoside-sorbitol) and neomycin alone or in combination. The results indicate that neomycin only inhibits the growth of susceptible bacteria (E.

Prophylactic co-trimoxazole versus norfloxacin in neutropenic children--perspective randomized study.

Co-trimoxazole or norfloxacin were randomly administered to 44 granulocytopenic children with malignancies in order to prevent bacterial infections. Although more patients in the co-trimoxazole group had febrile episodes (p less than 0.01), the mean of febrile days and the mean of days with systemic antibiotics did not differ significantly in the two groups.

Clinical safety and efficacy of ofloxacin.

In this study we report about the efficacy and tolerability of ofloxacin in the treatment of 15 patients with severe and moderately severe infections including osteomyelitis (5), soft tissue infections (5), salmonellosis in AIDS patients (2), acute or chronic pulmonary infections (2) and mediastinitis (1). The following organisms were isolated in culture specimens: Staphylococcus aureus (4), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4), Staphylococcus epidermidis (3), Serratia marcescens (1), Escherichia coli (1), Aeromonas hydrophila (1), Klebsiella oxytoca (1), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1), Salmonella cholerae-suis (1), Salmonella sp. (1), Enterobacter cloacae (1).

Serum bactericidal activity against aerobes and anaerobes of volunteers receiving cefoxitin or cefotetan.

Six volunteers received intravenously a single 1 g dose of cefoxitin or cefotetan. The 2 groups were crossed after a week of washout. Five strains each of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron susceptible to the administered drugs were tested for serum bactericidal activity (SBA).

Multidisciplinary approach to the therapy of chronic sinusitis.

Twenty patients with maxillary sinusitis were treated with cefotetan (1 g, i.m.) twice a day.

Antibacterial activity after a single-dose of norfloxacin, ofloxacin and pipemidic acid detected in urine of volunteers.

Six healthy volunteers received in a triple-crossover design a single oral dose of norfloxacin, ofloxacin or pipemidic acid. Urine samples were collected during the 24 h following the administration and were tested for inhibitory and bactericidal activity against selected strains of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Norfloxacin and ofloxacin inhibited the urinary growth of sensitive strains during the 24 h of sampling time at dilutions much higher than those generally considered satisfactory.

Antistaphylococcal activity of teicoplanin in association with other antibiotics.

The in vitro activity of antibiotic combination of teicoplanin and gentamicin (or netilmicin) and teicoplanin and cephalotin on Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated using the checkerboard method and time-kill curves. With few exceptions neither antagonism nor synergism was seen for the combination of teicoplanin and aminoglycosides using the checkerboard method. Using time-kill curves synergism was often found for the combination of teicoplanin and netilmicin (even at sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations of netilmicin) and for the combination of teicoplanin and cephalotin.

Penetration of cefonicid in skin suction blister fluid in healthy volunteers.

A new cephalosporin, cefonicid (1 g) was given intramuscularly to six healthy volunteers 12 h after induction of skin suction blister. Serum and blister fluid were collected during a 24 h period. Antibiotic assay was made by a microbiological method.

Cefonicid concentration in lung tissue after intramuscular administration.

A long-acting cephalosporin, cefonicid, was given as a single 1 g dose to sixteen patients hospitalized for lung carcinoma and undergoing thoracic surgery. Lung and serum specimens were obtained approximately 2, 4, 6 and 12 h after injection. Antibiotic assay was made by means of a microbiological method.