Smoking influence on early and late fetal growth.

Objectives: Smoking during pregnancy is a leading and modifiable risk factor for fetal growth restriction (FGR) and low birthweight (<10th centile). We studied the effects of smoking in the development of early and late FGR or low birthweight, as well as in uteroplacental and fetoplacental hemodynamics of growth-restricted fetuses.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 5,537 consecutive singleton pregnancies delivered at ≤34 + 0 ("early delivery" group, n=95) and >34 + 0 ("late delivery" group, n=5,442) weeks of gestation.

Obstetric and pediatric growth charts for the detection of late-onset fetal growth restriction and neonatal adverse outcomes.

Objectives: Late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) has heterogeneous prenatal and postnatal diagnostic criteria. We compared the prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of late-onset FGR and their ability to predict adverse perinatal outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 5442 consecutive singleton pregnancies that delivered beyond 34 + 0 weeks.

Obstetric and pediatric growth charts for the detection of fetal growth restriction and neonatal adverse outcomes in preterm newborns before 34 weeks of gestation.

Introduction: Identification of fetal growth-restricted (FGR) infants depends on the fetal or newborn charts used to identify them. We aimed to compare the prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of FGR and their ability to predict adverse perinatal outcomes.

Methods: Observational retrospective cohort study of 95 consecutive mother-infant pairs with preterm birth between 24 and 34 weeks (study period: January 2014 to December 2015).

[Motivations and Perceived Barriers to Initiate or Sustain Breastfeeding among Spanish Women].

Objective: Breastfeeding for its multiple benefits is the best cost-effective health intervention and should be a public health priority. The aim of this study was to determine motivations and barriers perceived by mothers to initiate or to maintain breastfeeding.

Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was carried in 2013 out among 569 mothers resident in Spain, with children under the age of 2, who completed a structured questionnaire.

[Motivations and perceived barriers to initiate or sustain breast- feeding among Spanish women].

Objective: Breastfeeding for its multiple benefits is the best cost-effective health intervention and should be a public health priority. The aim of this study was to determine motivations and barriers perceived by mothers to initiate or to maintain breastfeeding.

Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was carried in 2013 out among 569 mothers resident in Spain, with children under the age of 2, who completed a structured questionnaire.

Vertically transmitted cytomegalovirus infection in newborn preterm infants.

Objective: To determine the epidemiology of congenital and acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in preterm infants and to analyze the efficacy of breast milk freezing in decreasing the vertical transmission rate of CMV.

Study Design: During 2013 and 2014, preterm newborns who weighed ≤1500 g and were admitted to 22 Spanish neonatal units were included and screened for CMV infection according to the Spanish Neonatology Society recommendations. Each hospital treated the breast milk according to its own protocols.