Publications by authors named "Comstock R"
In 2011, a group of researchers investigated the 12-month prevalence of doping at the 13th International Association of Athletics Federations World Championships in Athletics (WCA) in Daegu, South Korea, and also at the 12th Pan-Arab Games (PAG) in Doha, Qatar. The prevalence of doping at each event was estimated using an established randomized response method, the Unrelated Question Model (UQM). The study, published in 2018, found that the prevalence of past-year doping was at least 30% at WCA and 45% at PAG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Skiing and snowboarding are popular winter sports with significant youth participation and inherent potential for injury. We investigated the relationship between age and injury characteristics exhibited by youth skiers and snowboarders.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated injury characteristics among youth skiers and snowboarders at a ski resort, examining the association between age and injury type.
Background: Obtaining informed consent for clinical research in the pediatric emergency department (ED) is challenging. Our objective was to understand the factors that influence parental consent for ED studies.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey assessing parents' willingness to enroll their children into an ED research study.
Objectives: Research suggests that a recent concussion increases subsequent lower extremity injury risk; however, data in high school athletes is limited. This study evaluates the association between concussion and subsequent injury risk among male, collision sport, high school athletes over a single season.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Purpose Of Review: Female sports participation has long been diminished compared to male sports participation. This review contextualizes current findings in historical implicit gender bias.
Recent Findings: The transition from the recognition of the Female Athlete Triad Syndrome to the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport Syndrome (RED-S Syndrome) to the newly proposed Male Athlete Triad Syndrome demonstrates the power of implicit gender bias on sports injury research efforts, clinical practices, and policy decisions.
Objectives: Evaluate yellow card policies' (YCPs) effectiveness in reducing competition contact injuries (CCIs).
Design: Retrospective cohort.
Setting: High schools.
Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common among high school athletes, with sex-based differences accounting for higher injury rates in girls. Previous epidemiological studies on ACL injuries focusing on adolescent athletes have looked at injuries across multiple sports, but few have analyzed ACL tears in solely high school soccer athletes.
Purpose: To examine sex-based differences in the epidemiology of ACL injuries among high school soccer players in the United States (US).
Article Synopsis
- Boys' lacrosse requires hard helmets, while girls' lacrosse allows optional flexible headgear, leading to a debate about safety.
- A study found that girls had a higher rate of concussions from stick or ball contact compared to boys, and many could have been prevented with mandatory helmets.
- The results suggest that requiring girls' lacrosse players to wear the same helmets as boys could significantly reduce concussions.
The purpose of this study was to compare injury patterns between recreational skiers and snowboarders. Injured skiers (n = 3,961) and snowboarders (n = 2,428) presented to a mountainside medical clinic, 2012/13-2016/17. Variables investigated for analysis included demographics/characteristics, injury event information, and injury information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Traumatic brain injury legislation varies across states. A comprehensive nationwide evaluation of state traumatic brain injury laws is vital given growing populations of high school athletes. This study evaluates the effectiveness of traumatic brain injury laws by examining longitudinal trends in incident and recurrent concussion rates and determines if state level variations in legislation's language affected the observed trends.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Injury epidemiology for boys' high school contact and collision sport has been described in several overlapping but fragmented studies. Comprehensive comparisons of injuries sustained in boys' soccer, wrestling, football, ice hockey, and lacrosse are lacking.
Purpose: To describe patterns of injury by severity, body site, and diagnosis among high school boys' contact and collision sports in the United States.
Introduction: Overuse injuries (injuries due to repetitive loads with inadequate rest) can negatively affect high school athletes, but limited data exist on the effect of sports participation outside of the school-sanctioned season on the development of overuse injuries.
Objective: Compare overuse injury patterns among high school athletes who participate in extrascholastic athletics to those participating only in scholastic sports.
Design: Descriptive cross-sectional, secondary analysis of injury data collected on high school athletes across 22 sports over the 2009-2010 through 2015-2016 academic years.
Background: High school athletes with lower extremity sports injuries (LESIs) frequently present to the emergency department in the United States. Previous epidemiological studies have presented rates and mechanisms of LESIs in these athletes. No studies, however, have looked at LESIs in gender-comparable sports in an attempt to evaluate what differences exist between LESIs in boys and girls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the prevalence and types of shoulder and elbow injuries in high school softball athletes across the United States using data from a national surveillance system.
- It found a total of 239 shoulder injuries and 85 elbow injuries over a significant number of athlete-exposures (AEs), with shoulder injuries more common during competition.
- The overall rate of injuries was much lower in softball compared to previously reported data for high school baseball, indicating that softball players generally experience fewer injuries and faster recovery times.
Background: Little is known about the epidemiology of clavicle fractures in United States (US) high school athletes. Sports participation among high school students has increased steadily, placing increased numbers at risk of sports-related injury.
Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of clavicle fractures among high school athletes, including injury rates by sex, sport, and type of play and trends in operative versus nonoperative treatment.
Objective: To determine the effect of daily environmental conditions on skiing and snowboarding-related injury rates.
Methods: Injury information was collected from a mountainside clinic at a large Colorado ski resort for the 2012/2013 through 2016/2017 seasons. Daily environmental conditions including snowfall, snow base depth, temperature, open terrain and participant visits were obtained from historical resort records.
Context: The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided the acquisition of boys' and men's baseball injury data.
Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school boys' baseball in the 2005-2006 through 2013-2014 academic years and collegiate men's baseball in the 2004-2005 through 2013-2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.
Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.
Context: The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided the acquisition of girls' and women's softball injury data.
Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school girls' softball in the 2005-2006 through 2013-2014 academic years and collegiate women's softball in the 2004-2005 through 2013-2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.
Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.
Objective: To examine whether a primary care provider (PCP) follow-up visit after emergency department evaluation of concussion improved the children's likelihood of receiving academic support.
Study Design: This was a prospective cohort study. Concussed children, aged 8-18 years, presenting to a regional pediatric trauma center emergency department (n = 160) were contacted 7 and 30 days after injury to gather data on PCP follow-up, symptoms, quality of life, and receipt of academic support instituted after and because of the concussion.
Context: The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided the acquisition of boys' and men's lacrosse injury data.
Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school boys' lacrosse in the 2008-2009 through 2013-2014 academic years and collegiate men's lacrosse in the 2004-2005 through 2013-2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.
Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.
Context: The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online (HS RIO) system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP) has aided the acquisition of girls' and women's lacrosse injury data.
Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school girls' lacrosse in the 2008-2009 through 2013-2014 academic years and collegiate women's lacrosse in the 2004-2005 through 2013-2014-academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.
Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.
Article Synopsis
- * Web-based injury surveillance systems like High School Reporting Information Online and NCAA Injury Surveillance help track injuries in wrestling for both high school and collegiate athletes from specified academic years.
- * A descriptive epidemiology study examined injuries in high school boys' wrestling (2005-2014) and collegiate men's wrestling (2004-2014), using data from about 100 high school teams and 11 collegiate teams annually.
- * Results showed that college wrestlers sustained injuries at a significantly higher rate (9.28 injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures) compared to high school wrestlers (2.38 injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures), with specific body parts like the head/face and shoulder/clavicle being the most commonly
Context: Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided efforts to collect data on ice hockey injuries.
Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school boy's ice hockey in the 2008-2009 through 2013-2014 academic years and collegiate men's and women's ice hockey in the 2004-2005 through 2013-2014 academic years using Web-based surveillance.
Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.
Context: The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided the acquisition of girls' and women's basketball injury data.
Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school girls' basketball in the 2005-2006 through 2013-2014 academic years and collegiate women's basketball in the 2004-2005 through 2013-2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.
Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.