Diagnostic Accuracy of Screening Contrast-enhanced Mammography for Women with Extremely Dense Breasts at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer.

Background Mammogram interpretation is challenging in female patients with extremely dense breasts (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System [BI-RADS] category D), who have a higher breast cancer risk. Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has recently emerged as a potential alternative; however, data regarding CEM utility in this subpopulation are limited. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of CEM for breast cancer screening in female patients with extremely dense breasts.

Lumpectomy without radiation for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: 20-year results from the ECOG-ACRIN E5194 study.

We report the 20-year rate of ipsilateral breast event (IBE) for patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with lumpectomy without radiation on a non-randomized prospective clinical trial. Patients were enrolled in cohort 1: low- or intermediate-grade DCIS, size ≤ 2.5 cm (n = 561); or cohort 2: high-grade DCIS, size ≤ 1 cm (n = 104).

The application of portable air cleaners in spaces occupied by vulnerable people during wildfire events.

In this study, PM2.5 concentrations were collected and documented during wildfire smoke impacted days using PurpleAir PA-II sensors at three different locations in a community located in the northwestern United States. Each location was comprised of three co-located sensors with one sensor positioned outdoors, one sensor indoors, and one sensor indoors with an air cleaner in the room.

Breast Cancer Screening and Treatment Clinical Trials Updated for 2023.

There are many active or recently completed breast cancer screening and treatment trials in 2023 that have the potential to fundamentally change the way breast radiologists practice medicine. Breast cancer screening trials may provide evidence to support supplemental screening beyond mammography to include US, contrast-enhanced mammography, and breast MRI. Furthermore, there are multiple efforts to support risk-adaptive screening strategies that would personalize screening modalities, frequencies, and ages of initiation.

High-Temporal/High-Spatial Resolution Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Improves Diagnostic Accuracy Compared With Standard Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With High Background Parenchymal Enhancement.

Purpose: To compare breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostic performance using a standard high-spatial resolution protocol versus a simultaneous high-temporal/high-spatial resolution (HTHS) protocol in women with high levels of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE).

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of contrast-enhanced breast MRIs performed at our institution before and after the introduction of the HTHS protocol. We compared diagnostic performance of the HTHS and standard protocol by comparing cancer detection rate (CDR) and positive predictive value of biopsy (PPV3) among women with high BPE (ie, marked or moderate).

Novel Machine Vision Image Guidance System Significantly Reduces Procedural Time and Radiation Exposure Compared With 2-dimensional Fluoroscopy-based Guidance in Pediatric Deformity Surgery.

Background: Intraoperative 2-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopy imaging has been commonly adopted for guidance during complex pediatric spinal deformity correction. Despite the benefits, fluoroscopy imaging emits harmful ionizing radiation, which has been well-established to have deleterious effects on the surgeon and operating room staff. This study investigated the difference in intraoperative fluoroscopy time and radiation exposure during pediatric spine surgery between 2D fluoroscopy-based navigation and a novel machine vision navigation system [machine vision image guidance system (MvIGS)].

Contrast-enhanced mammography in the assessment of residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) as an alternative to breast MRI for the evaluation of residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment (NAT).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled consecutive women undergoing NAT for breast cancer from July 2017-July 2019. Breast MRI and CEM exams performed after completion of NAT were read independently by two breast radiologists.

Disability-Informed Graduate-Student Mentors Foster Co-Regulation for Undergraduates in STEM with Learning and Attention Disabilities.

As young adults transition into adulthood they must develop effective self-regulation techniques to help them navigate the heightened expectations of independence placed upon them. During this challenging developmental stage, mentors and other supportive individuals can facilitate co-regulation processes that help young adults reach self-regulation. This qualitative research identifies and characterizes supportive processes of regulation that graduate student mentors engaged in as part of their mentorship interactions with undergraduate mentees with learning disabilities and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (LD/ADHD).

Association Between Surgery Preference and Receipt in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ After Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Ancillary Study of the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (E4112).

Importance: Guiding treatment decisions for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) requires understanding patient preferences and the influence of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgeon recommendation.

Objective: To identify factors associated with surgery preference and surgery receipt among a prospective cohort of women with newly diagnosed DCIS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A prospective cohort study was conducted at 75 participating institutions, including community practices and academic centers, across the US between March 25, 2015, and April 27, 2016.

Identifying Food Parenting Practices From Comprehensive Home Environment Survey.

Objective: Conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with the existing home environment assessment-the Comprehensive Home Environment Survey (CHES), to identify scales related to food parenting practices.

Methods: Parents of 3- to 5-year-old children (n = 172) completed the CHES surveys. After selected items from CHES were categorized into food parenting practice constructs, EFA was used to identify potential subconstructs.

Patient-Reported Testing Burden of Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Among Women With Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: An Ancillary Study of the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (E4112).

Importance: The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pretreatment planning of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remains controversial. Understanding changes in short-term health-related quality of life associated with breast MRI would allow for a more complete comparative effectiveness assessment.

Objective: To assess whether there are changes in patient-reported quality of life associated with breast MRI among women diagnosed with DCIS.

Parenting Styles, Food Parenting Practices and Dietary Intakes of Preschoolers.

Previous evidence suggests that children's eating behaviors were largely influenced by the parent and home eating structure. This study examined the relationship between parenting styles (including authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and uninvolved), food parenting practices (within Structure, Coercive Control, and Autonomy Support constructs) and dietary intakes of preschoolers. Children aged 3-5 years and their parents were recruited from preschools/daycare centers and parents completed the surveys ( = 166).

Preoperative Breast MRI for Newly Diagnosed Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Imaging Features and Performance in a Multicenter Setting (ECOG-ACRIN E4112 Trial).

Background There are limited data from clinical trials describing preoperative MRI features and performance in the evaluation of mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Purpose To report qualitative MRI features of DCIS, MRI performance in the identification of additional disease, and associations of imaging features with pathologic, genomic, and surgical outcomes from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ECOG-ACRIN) E4112 trial. Materials and Methods Secondary analyses of a multicenter prospective clinical trial from the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group included women with DCIS diagnosed with conventional imaging techniques (mammography and US), confirmed via core-needle biopsy (CNB), and enrolled between March 2015 and April 2016 who were candidates for wide local excision (WLE) based on conventional imaging and clinical examination results.

Factors Affecting Image Quality and Lesion Evaluability in Breast Diffusion-weighted MRI: Observations from the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group Multisite Trial (A6702).

Objective: The A6702 multisite trial confirmed that apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measures can improve breast MRI accuracy and reduce unnecessary biopsies, but also found that technical issues rendered many lesions non-evaluable on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). This secondary analysis investigated factors affecting lesion evaluability and impact on diagnostic performance.

Methods: The A6702 protocol was IRB-approved at 10 institutions; participants provided informed consent.

Mean Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Is a Sufficient Conventional Diffusion-weighted MRI Metric to Improve Breast MRI Diagnostic Performance: Results from the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group A6702 Diffusion Imaging Trial.

Background The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and American College of Radiology Imaging Network Cancer Research Group A6702 multicenter trial helped confirm the potential of diffusion-weighted MRI for improving differential diagnosis of suspicious breast abnormalities and reducing unnecessary biopsies. A prespecified secondary objective was to explore the relative value of different approaches for quantitative assessment of lesions at diffusion-weighted MRI. Purpose To determine whether alternate calculations of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) can help further improve diagnostic performance versus mean ADC values alone for analysis of suspicious breast lesions at MRI.

Utility of Targeted Ultrasound to Predict Malignancy Among Lesions Detected on Contrast-Enhanced Digital Mammography.

Targeted ultrasound (US) can be performed to characterize and potentially biopsy areas of enhancement detected on contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM). The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of targeted US in predicting malignancy of lesions with indeterminate or suspicious enhancement on CEM. One thousand consecutive CEM examinations with same-day targeted breast US at one institution between October 2013 and May 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

Breast mass segmentation in ultrasound with selective kernel U-Net convolutional neural network.

In this work, we propose a deep learning method for breast mass segmentation in ultrasound (US). Variations in breast mass size and image characteristics make the automatic segmentation difficult. To address this issue, we developed a selective kernel (SK) U-Net convolutional neural network.

Outcome of Screening MRI in Premenopausal Women as a Function of the Week of the Menstrual Cycle.

The objective of our study was to determine whether there are differences in outcome of screening MRI examinations in premenopausal women as a function of the week of the menstrual cycle in which the study was performed. The reports of consecutive screening MRI examinations performed from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2012, of premenopausal women were reviewed. Only cases for which the 1st day of the last menstrual cycle was documented were included.

Comparison of Abbreviated Breast MRI vs Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for Breast Cancer Detection Among Women With Dense Breasts Undergoing Screening.

Importance: Improved screening methods for women with dense breasts are needed because of their increased risk of breast cancer and of failed early diagnosis by screening mammography.

Objective: To compare the screening performance of abbreviated breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in women with dense breasts.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Cross-sectional study with longitudinal follow-up at 48 academic, community hospital, and private practice sites in the United States and Germany, conducted between December 2016 and November 2017 among average-risk women aged 40 to 75 years with heterogeneously dense or extremely dense breasts undergoing routine screening.

Survival Outcomes of Screening with Breast MRI in Women at Elevated Risk of Breast Cancer.

Objective: To determine survival outcomes in women with breast cancer detected at combined screening with breast MRI and mammography versus screening mammography alone.

Methods: This is an institutional review board-approved retrospective study, and the need for informed consent was waived. A total of 3002 women with an increased risk of breast cancer were screened between 2001 and 2004.

Performance of Dual-Energy Contrast-enhanced Digital Mammography for Screening Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer.

BackgroundContrast agent-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) has been shown to be more sensitive and specific than two-dimensional full-field digital mammography in the diagnostic setting. Few studies have reported on its performance in the screening setting.PurposeTo evaluate the performance of CEDM for breast cancer screening.

Improved Cancer Detection Using Artificial Intelligence: a Retrospective Evaluation of Missed Cancers on Mammography.

To determine whether cmAssist™, an artificial intelligence-based computer-aided detection (AI-CAD) algorithm, can be used to improve radiologists' sensitivity in breast cancer screening and detection. A blinded retrospective study was performed with a panel of seven radiologists using a cancer-enriched data set from 122 patients that included 90 false-negative mammograms obtained up to 5.8 years prior to diagnosis and 32 BIRADS 1 and 2 patients with a 2-year follow-up of negative diagnosis.

Association of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and a 12-Gene Expression Assay With Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Treatment.

Importance: Advanced diagnostics, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and gene expression profiles, are potentially useful to guide targeted treatment in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

Objectives: To examine the proportion of patients who converted to mastectomy after MRI and the reasons for those conversions and to measure patient adherence to radiotherapy guided by the 12-gene DCIS score.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Analysis of a prospective, cohort, nonrandomized clinical trial that enrolled women with DCIS on core biopsy who were candidates for wide local excision (WLE) from 75 institutions from March 25, 2015, to April 27, 2016, through the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-American College of Radiology Imaging Network trial E4112.