Comparative Effectiveness of Fluticasone Furoate/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol and Budesonide/Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate among US Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with exacerbations which can reduce quality of life and increase mortality. Single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) is recommended for maintenance treatment of COPD among patients experiencing exacerbations despite dual-therapy use. This real-world comparative effectiveness study compared the impact of SITTs, fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI), and budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (BUD/GLY/FORM), on COPD exacerbations and mortality.

Assessing the comparative effects of interventions in COPD: a tutorial on network meta-analysis for clinicians.

To optimize patient outcomes, healthcare decisions should be based on the most up-to-date high-quality evidence. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are vital for demonstrating the efficacy of interventions; however, information on how an intervention compares to already available treatments and/or fits into treatment algorithms is sometimes limited. Although different therapeutic classes are available for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), assessing the relative efficacy of these treatments is challenging.

Is Disease Stability an Attainable COPD Treatment Goal?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogenous lung condition characterized by progressive airflow obstruction. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment, the disease burden remains high; although clinical trials have shown improvements in outcomes such as exacerbations, quality of life, and lung function, improvement may not be attainable for many patients. For patients who do experience improvement, it is challenging to set management goals given the progressive nature of COPD.

Comparative adherence and persistence of single-inhaler and multiple-inhaler triple therapies among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Japan: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare medication adherence and persistence for patients newly initiating single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) and multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Japan.

Design: Retrospective, new-user, active comparator, observational cohort study using inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Setting: Health insurance claims data from the Medical Data Vision Co.

Perspectives on Treatment Decisions, Preferences, and Adherence and Long-Term Management in Asthma and COPD: A Qualitative Analysis of Patient, Caregiver, and Healthcare Provider Insights.

Purpose: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. This analysis assessed patient, caregiver, and healthcare provider (HCP) opinions regarding asthma and COPD diagnosis and treatment, including inhaler device preferences.

Patients And Methods: Insights were from: (1) face-to-face/telephone patient/HCP communications with GSK Global Medical Teams; (2) social media listening; (3) a self-completed online patient/caregiver survey.

Baseline patient demographics for TETRIS: a prospective, noninterventional study to characterize the use of triple therapy for COPD in Germany.

Background: Evidence on how decisions regarding escalation to triple therapy and de- or re-escalation are taken and the rationale on which these decisions are based is currently limited in Germany.

Objectives: The TETRIS study aims to elucidate influences on treatment decisions surrounding triple therapy in a real-world practice setting in Germany.

Design: TETRIS is an ongoing, multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study recruiting patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with or without asthma who have already been treated with triple therapy for 2-48 weeks.

Squeezing the quantum noise of a gravitational-wave detector below the standard quantum limit.

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle dictates that the position and momentum of an object cannot be simultaneously measured with arbitrary precision, giving rise to an apparent limitation known as the standard quantum limit (SQL). Gravitational-wave detectors use photons to continuously measure the positions of freely falling mirrors and so are affected by the SQL. We investigated the performance of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) after the experimental realization of frequency-dependent squeezing designed to surpass the SQL.

Towards Preanalytical Best Practices for Liquid Biopsy Studies: A BLOODPAC Landscape Analysis.

BLOODPAC is a public-private consortium that develops best practices, coordinates clinical and translational research, and manages the BLOODPAC Data Commons to broadly support the liquid biopsy community and accelerate regulatory review to aid patient accessibility. BLOODPAC previously recommended 11 preanalytical minimal technical data elements (MTDEs) for BLOODPAC-sponsored studies and data submitted to BLOODPAC Data Commons. The current landscape analysis evaluates the overlap of the BLOODPAC MTDEs with current best practices, guidelines, and standards documents related to clinical and research liquid biopsy applications.

Evaluation of Adherence and Persistence to Triple Therapy in Patients with COPD: A German Claims Data Study.

Purpose: Triple therapy (long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting β-agonist/inhaled corticosteroid) is recommended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who experience recurrent exacerbations. Multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT) is associated with poor adherence and persistence. This study assessed comparative adherence and persistence to single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) versus MITT among patients with COPD in a real-world setting in Germany.

A scoping review on the epidemiology and public significance of in Chinese dairy cattle and humans.

Brucellosis, caused by spp., is a re-emerging One Health disease with increased prevalence and incidence in Chinese dairy cattle and humans, severely affecting animal productivity and public health. In dairy cattle, is the primary causative agent although infections with other species occur occasionally.

International Criteria for Reporting Study Quality for Sudden Cardiac Arrest/Death Tool.

Background: Studies reporting on the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest and/or death (SCA/D) in athletes commonly lack methodological and reporting rigor, which has implications for screening and preventative policy in sport. To date, there are no tools designed for assessing study quality in studies investigating the incidence of SCA/D in athletes.

Methods And Results: The International Criteria for Reporting Study Quality for Sudden Cardiac Arrest/Death tool (IQ-SCA/D) was developed following a Delphi process.

Outcomes of patients with COPD switching from multiple-inhaler to once-daily single-inhaler triple therapy in a real-world primary care setting in England: a retrospective pre-post cohort study.

Background: Compared with multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT), single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) with fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) demonstrated improved lung function and meaningful improvements in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Assessment Test score. This real-world study compared the effectiveness of switching patients with COPD in England from MITT to once-daily SITT with FF/UMEC/VI by evaluating rates of COPD exacerbation, healthcare resource use (HCRU) and associated direct medical costs.

Methods: Retrospective cohort pre-post study using linked primary care electronic health record and secondary care administrative datasets.

Characteristics of Users and New Initiators of Single- and Multiple-Inhaler Triple Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Germany.

Purpose: To assess patient characteristics of users and new initiators of triple therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Germany.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients with COPD and ≥1 prescription for single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT; fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol [FF/UMEC/VI] or beclomethasone dipropionate/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol [BDP/GLY/FOR]) or multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT), using data from the AOK PLUS German sickness fund (1 January 2015-31 December 2019). The index date was the first date of prescription for FF/UMEC/VI or BDP/GLY/FOR (SITT users), or the first date of overlap of inhaled corticosteroid, long-acting β-agonist, and long-acting muscarinic antagonist (MITT users).

Association between Increased Risk of Pneumonia with ICS in COPD: A Continuous Variable Analysis of Patient Factors from the IMPACT Study.

Introduction: Despite the proven benefits of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-containing triple therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), clinicians limit patient exposure to ICS due to the risk of pneumonia. However, there are multiple factors associated with the risk of pneumonia in patients with COPD. This post hoc analysis of IMPACT trial data aims to set the risks associated with ICS into a context of specific patient-related factors that contribute to the risk of pneumonia.

Understanding the Gaps in the Reporting of COPD Exacerbations by Patients: A Review.

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with loss of lung function, poor quality of life, loss of exercise capacity, risk of serious cardiovascular events, hospitalization, and death. However, patients underreport exacerbations, and evidence suggests that unreported exacerbations have similar negative health implications for patients as those that are reported. Whilst there is guidance for physicians to identify patients who are at risk of exacerbations, they do not help patients recognise and report them.

Optimising recovery after perineal trauma: Implementation of an evidence-based patient-centred care and clinical practice guideline.

Background: Perineal trauma and pain can affect the quality of life of women who experience vaginal birth.

Aim: To investigate the effect of perineal care and pain management on women's postpartum recovery.

Methods: This was a Quasi-experimental study.

Treatment pathways, economic burden and clinical outcomes in new users of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting B-agonist dual therapy with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a primary care setting in England: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist (ICS/LABA) improves lung function and health status and reduces COPD exacerbation risk versus monotherapy. This study described treatment use, healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU), healthcare costs and outcomes following initiation of single-device ICS/LABA as initial maintenance therapy (IMT).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Development of LIME-NZ: a generic tool for prompt estimation of economic impacts of disease for New Zealand livestock.

Aims: To develop a simple and robust generic tool to measure the impacts of livestock diseases on New Zealand dairy, beef and sheep farms using enterprise gross margin models.

Methods: The most recent (2018-2020) livestock production benchmarking data was extracted from industry-led economic surveys. Gross margin models were built for each enterprise type, accounting for 11 dairy farm types and 16 farm types for beef and sheep.

A novel Bayesian Latent Class Model (BLCM) evaluates multiple continuous and binary tests: A case study for Brucella abortus in dairy cattle.

Bovine brucellosis, primarily caused by Brucella abortus, severely affects both animal health and human well-being. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for designing informed control and prevention measures. Lacking a gold standard test makes it challenging to determine optimal cut-off values and evaluate the diagnostic performance of tests.