Predictive value of nutritional scores in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients: Insights from the AFTER-2 study.

Background And Aim: Many scoring systems are used to evaluate malnutrition, but there is no consensus on which scoring system would be more appropriate. We aimed to investigate the effect of malnutrition in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and to compare three scoring systems.

Methods And Results: A total of 2592 patients with non-valvular AF from 35 different centers in Turkey were included in this prospective study.

Neurovascular anatomy of the platysma muscle for blepharoptosis repair: a cadaveric study.

Purpose: This study aimed to define a new surgical method using a neurotized platysma free flap to provide dynamic reanimation, enhanced functional recovery, and low morbidity for blepharoptosis repair.

Methods: Ten hemifaces and neck halves of five formalin-fixed cadavers were included in the study. The origin of the neurovascular structures of the pedicle was identified at the submandibular triangle.

Audio-Vestibular Evaluation of Pediatric Pseudo-Conductive Hearing Loss: Third Window Syndromes.

Conductive hearing loss caused by external or middle ear problems prevents the transmission of sound waves from the external auditory canal to the cochlea, and it is a common condition, especially in pediatric patients aged 1-5 years. The most common etiological factors are otitis media and cerumen during childhood. In some patients, external and middle ear functions and structures may be normal bilaterally despite the air-bone gap on the audiogram.

Surgical Anatomy and Intrapelvic Course of Obturator Nerve.

Study Objective: The aim of this study is to reveal the anatomy of the obturator nerve (ON) and its important relationship in pelvic surgery with the surrounding anatomical structures.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Interventions: Parameters from the left and right ON's to relevant anatomical landmarks were measured and statistical analysis was performed.

Gerdy's tubercle as a novel anatomical landmark for the proximal tibial cut in total knee arthroplasty.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the use of Gerdy's tubercle (GT) as an innovative and dependable anatomical landmark for the proximal tibial cut in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in cases with extensive knee degeneration.

Materials And Methods: One hundred dry tibia bones and 10 formalin-fixed cadaveric knee specimens of both sexes were examined. A Zimmer NexGen tibial cutting guide and a Mitutoyo digital caliper were utilized to align the guide with the tibia's mechanical axis.

ECG signal quality in intermittent long-term dry electrode recordings with controlled motion artifacts.

Wearable long-term monitoring applications are becoming more and more popular in both the consumer and the medical market. In wearable ECG monitoring, the data quality depends on the properties of the electrodes and on how they interface with the skin. Dry electrodes do not require any action from the user.

A cross-sectional survey on university students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding organ, tissue, and body donation.

Purpose: Body donors continue to have an important role in anatomy education in medical schools. Furthermore, the demand for organ transplantation is increasing as life expectancy increases. In Turkey, there are efforts to enable both donations to be made through a single system.

Tibial nerve branching pattern and compatibility of branches for the deep fibular nerve.

Purpose: In individuals who develop drop foot due to nerve loss, several methods such as foot-leg orthosis, tendon transfer, and nerve grafting are used. Nerve transfer, on the other hand, has been explored in recent years. The purpose of this study was to look at the tibial nerve's branching pattern and the features of its branches in order to determine the suitability of the tibial nerve motor branches, particularly the plantaris muscle motor nerve, for deep fibular nerve transfer.

Angiographic measurement of the superficial temporal artery for potential use in cerebral bypass surgery: a combined radiological and cadaveric study.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the microsurgical anatomy of the superficial temporal artery (STA), explore the relationship between STA length and lumen diameter, and develop a reliable radiologic method for selecting STA segments for bypass surgery.

Methods: This study used 10 cadaveric dissections (20 STAs, both sides) and 20 retrospective radiological examinations (40 STAs, both sides), employing curved multiplanar reformation and flow color lookup table (CLUT) DICOM processing. Measurements included vessel lumen diameters and luminal cross-sectional thicknesses 3 mm proximal to the STA bifurcation, 3 mm distal to the frontal branch, 5 cm distal to the frontal branch, 3 mm distal to the parietal branch, and 5 cm distal to the parietal branch.

Defining the Temporal and Occipital Lobes: Cadaveric Study with Application to Neurosurgery of the Inferior Brain.

Background: For surgical interventions, a precise understanding of the anatomical variations of the brain and defined anatomical landmarks to demarcate the regions of the temporal lobe is essential. Many anatomical studies have facilitated important surgical approaches to the temporobasal region. Because there is considerable sulcal variability, morphological analysis of the brain is imperative.

Effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on coronary blood flow in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to be associated with endothelial dysfunction (ED). Reducing ED can attenuate the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. One of the indicators of ED is decreased coronary blood flow (CBF).

Investigating the Effects of Trigeminal Impression and Internal Acoustic Opening Morphology Differences for Possible Surgical Applications.

Purpose: The exhaustive information regarding the types of trigeminal pore (TP) or trigeminal impression (TI), internal acoustic opening (IAO), and related surgical approaches is lacking in the literature. Therefore, this study is performed to further elucidate the types of TP or TI, IAO, and the relationships with critical surgical landmarks in the skull base.

Methods: Trigeminal impression (TI) and internal acoustic opening (IAO) found in 11 dry skulls, 24 right temporal bones, and 25 left temporal bones were examined on both sides to define their relationship to each other and nearby structures.

Corpus callosum area and sectioning: a radioanatomical study correlated with MRI and cadaver morphometry.

Purpose: The corpus callosum (CC) is the primary interhemispheric connection between the two cerebral hemispheres. Besides their similar morphological characters, there are differences in their measurements. This study aimed to divide the CC into groups using planes based on the anterior commissure (AC) and posterior commissure (PC) and to detect differences in CC magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cadaver samples between these groups.

A Novel Direct Pathway of Dural Venous Outflow from the Basilar Venous Plexus via the Diploic Space of the Clivus.

Background: The internal jugular vein (IJV) is the pre-eminent outflow of the dural venous sinuses (DVS) in the supine position, while the vertebral venous plexus (VVP) dominates venous outflow in the upright position. Emissary veins can also be an accessory pathway for this venous egress. To our knowledge, alternative dural venous sinus directly drainage via the diploic space has not been previously reported in the literature.

Pronator quadratus musculo-osseous free flap for wide hard palatal defect reconstruction: An anatomical study.

Wide hard palate defects include congenital and acquired defects that are six square centimeters or larger in size. Obturator prostheses and autologous soft tissue transfers have been used to reconstruct palatal defects. This study aims to repair wide, hard palatal defects by using a pronator quadratus musculo-osseous free flap to achieve subtotal reconstruction.

Scratching in the minefield: using intertriangles line to safely perform anterior petrosectomy.

Purpose: The transpetrosal-transtentorial approach provides a practical and safe surgical corridor for the treatment of petroclival region lesions. Any inaccuracies while performing this surgical technique can result in catastrophic results; nevertheless, this can be prevented under the guidance of a detailed anatomical orientation. An "intertriangles line" was defined to preserve the internal auditory canal (IAC) and cochlea during extradural bone drilling.

Evaluation of the effect of bun/albumin ratio on in-hospital mortality in hypertensive COVID-19 patients.

Objective: The impact of COVID-19 infection still continues all over the world and is an important cause of mortality. The mortality rate due to infection varies between 1-5%. The mortality rate is higher in those with cardiovascular risk factors, especially in cases with hypertension.

Microsurgical anatomy of the anterior cerebral artery and the arterial supply of the cingulate gyrus.

Purpose: The cingulate gyrus is a potential surgical area to treat tumours, psychiatric diseases, intractable pain and vascular malformations. The aim of the study was to define the topographic anatomy and arterial supply of the cingulate gyrus located on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere.

Methods: We studied thirty-six hemispheres, each hemisected in the midsagittal plane.

Alternative Path for Optic Nerve Decompression in Pseudotumor Cerebri With Full Endoscopic Lateral Transorbital Approach.

Endonasal endoscopic approaches are the most preferred surgical methods in patients with pseudotumor cerebri because of easy access to the optic nerve, but the choice of this technique may not apply to all endoscopic endonasal cases. Moreover, there may be difficulties in practice in some cases, including the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study aimed to suggest an alternative endoscopic approach by lateral orbitotomy for optic nerve decompression in patients with pseudotumor cerebri.

Topographical Anatomy of the Superficial Temporal Artery.

Aim: To describe in detail the gross anatomy of the superficial temporal artery (STA), its course and branches, its relationships with the branches of the facial nerve, and certain anatomical and surgical landmarks to preserve these structures in daily neurosurgical practice, and to use the STA during revascularization surgery.

Material And Methods: This cadaveric study was conducted on 16 cadaver heads bilaterally, in which 32 silicon/latex-injected STAs were dissected using a microdissection technique in a neuroanatomy laboratory. The distances between the facial nerve, tragus, STA, superficial temporal vein (STV), and imaginary lines created between important anatomical landmarks were measured.

The microanatomy of the Sylvian fissure.

Purpose: Microsurgical anatomy of the Sylvian fissure is still a popular research topic for neurosurgeons. It is important for surgeons who perform skull base and Sylvian fissure surgical procedures to master the anatomy of the region. In our study, we aimed to review the current literature on the subject.

Morphology of the trigeminal ganglion: anatomical structures related to trigeminal radiofrequency rhizotomy.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common example of craniofacial neuralgia. Its etiology is unknown and is characterized by severe episodes of paroxysmal pain. The trigeminal ganglion and its adjacent anatomical structures have a complex anatomy.

Neurovascular anatomy of pronator quadratus for reanimation of blepharoptosis.

Purpose: Pronator quadratus (PQ) is a quadrilateral muscle on a volar distal side of the forearm. The purpose of this study was to establish a novel surgical technique for reanimation of the upper eyelid for severe ptosis using PQ functional free muscle flap.

Methods: The current study is a cadaveric study, designed to assess a PQ free flap transfer that lies between the frontalis muscle and the upper eyelid.

Evaluation of atrial fibrillation risk in patients with vasovagal syncope.

Background: This study aimed to determine whether autonomic dysfunction in patients with vasovagal syncope with a positive tilt test may cause an alteration in atrial electromechanical properties and pose a risk for subsequent atrial arrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation.

Methods: The data of 27 patients with vasovagal syncope and a matched control group comprising 28 healthy individuals were compared. All patients underwent a tilt table test.

Measurement of interscalene space volume in diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome: a cadaver study.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to measure the volume of interscalene space in thoracic outlet region on cadavers and radiological images and to analyze the potential value of these measurements in diagnosis and treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS).

Materials And Methods: The dimensions of the anterior interscalene space in 8 formalin-fixed human cadavers were studied by direct measurement and additionally evaluation of the volume of this space were done by using mold and volume calculation formula of square pyramid, due to resembling a pyramid. In the second phase of this study, interscalene space volume was calculated by formula and compared to calculations from computed tomography (CT) sections in 18 TOS and 16 control patients.