Structural equation modeling to evaluate the adult vaccine hesitancy scale for vaccines recommended during pregnancy.

Introduction: Acceptance of recommended vaccines is lower among pregnant people compared to non-pregnant adults, yet no tool has specifically measured prenatal vaccine hesitancy. We evaluated the performance of an existing adult Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (aVHS) in measuring vaccine hesitancy toward routinely recommended prenatal vaccines.

Methods: Between December 2021 and April 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional national online survey with 917 US postpartum adults 18-49 years old who had given birth in the past six months.

Enhancing HPV vaccine uptake in girls and boys - A qualitative analysis of Canadian school-based vaccination programs.

The purpose of this study was to better understand barriers and enabling conditions for HPV vaccination in school-based vaccination programs in Canada. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone or in person with parents, nurses, and school staff (n = 50) in three Canadian provinces. Interviews explored views on HPV and HPV vaccination, strengths and weaknesses of the school-based HPV vaccination programs and proposed interventions to increase uptake.

The spinal cord injury (SCI) peer support evaluation tool: the development of a tool to assess outcomes of peer support programs within SCI community-based organizations.

Study Design: Guided by the 4-step process outlined in the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guideline, multiple methodologies were used: Delphi, literature reviews, ratings with consensus, think-aloud, and test-retest.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop and test a spinal cord injury (SCI) peer support evaluation tool that meets the needs of community-based SCI organizations in Canada.

Setting: Peer support programs for people with SCI delivered by community-based SCI organizations.

Practice recommendations regarding parental presence in NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19.

Aim: To co-create parental presence practice recommendations across Canadian NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens such as COVID-19.

Methods: Recommendations were developed through evidence, context, Delphi and Values and Preferences methods. For Delphi 1 and 2, participants rated 50 items and 20 items respectively on a scale from 1 (very low importance) to 5 (very high).

Language: the ignored determinant of health.

Canada is one of the most multicultural countries in the world, with growing numbers of families who do not speak English or French as a first language. However, providing language-concordant services for patients with non-official language preference (NOLP) is not a standardized or measured component of our healthcare system, reflecting the historical marginalization of minority groups in our society. Existing evidence from other countries demonstrates the importance of language as a social determinant of health, and illustrates improved healthcare outcomes for patients with NOLP with the use of medical interpretation.

Retrospective validation of a rapid Lyme fluorescent immunoassay in differentiating Lyme arthritis from other musculoskeletal presentations in children in a Lyme-endemic region.

Unlabelled: Lyme arthritis can present similarly to other causes of joint pain and swelling including septic arthritis and other acute and chronic arthropathies of childhood. Septic arthritis, although rare, constitutes an orthopedic emergency and requires early surgical intervention to reduce the risk of permanent joint damage. Currently, results of standard serologic tests to diagnose Lyme disease take days to weeks, which is unhelpful in acute clinical decision-making.

Examination of Crash Injury Risk as a Function of Occupant Demographics.

The objectives of this study were to provide insights on how injury risk is influenced by occupant demographics such as sex, age, and size; and to quantify differences within the context of commonly-occurring real-world crashes. The analyses were confined to either single-event collisions or collisions that were judged to be well-defined based on the absence of any significant secondary impacts. These analyses, including both logistic regression and descriptive statistics, were conducted using the Crash Investigation Sampling System for calendar years 2017 to 2021.

A Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Children (PICNIC) multi-centre Canadian descriptive analysis of bacteremia in children: Emerging serotypes.

Background: There has been dramatic reduction in serotype b (Hib) since introduction of Hib vaccines, but children still experience serious invasive (Hi) disease caused by various serotype and non-typeable bacteria. The object of this study was to describe the serotype distribution and clinical spectrum of Hi bacteremia in children admitted to Canadian hospitals.

Methods: All children with Hi bacteremia admitted 2013 through 2017 to 10 centres across Canada were included.

Creative nonfiction approach to explore peer mentorship for individuals with spinal cord injury.

Purpose: Research has examined peer mentorship to understand how it may help people with spinal cord injury (SCI) adapt and thrive. We still lack an in-depth understanding of the perspectives of SCI peer mentors and mentees on their dyadic relationship. This study was to explore the dyadic interactions and relationships between SCI peer mentors and mentees in a peer mentorship program delivered at a rehabilitation center.

Development, implementation and impact of an immunoglobulin stewardship programme in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Background And Objectives: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is one of the most costly and limited-supply blood products. Judicious use of this therapy is important to ensure a continued supply is available for patients in need. The Saskatchewan IG Stewardship Program was initiated to monitor and reduce inappropriate IG use.

Delivery of a community-based peer mentorship program for people with spinal cord injury at a rehabilitation center.

Introduction: Community-based spinal cord injury (SCI) organizations deliver peer mentorship programs in rehabilitation settings. Little is known on how these programs are delivered through the collaboration between community-based SCI organizations and rehabilitation institutions. This study aimed to identify barriers, facilitators, and collaboration processes within a SCI peer mentorship program provided by a community-based organization at a rehabilitation center.

Correlates of child mental health and substance use related emergency department visits in Ontario: A linked population survey and administrative health data study.

Introduction: Knowledge of the sociodemographic, behavioural, and clinical characteristics of children visiting emergency departments (EDs) for mental health or substance use concerns in Ontario, Canada is lacking.

Objectives: Using data from a population-based survey linked at the individual level to administrative health data, this study leverages a provincially representative sample and quasi-experimental design to strengthen inferences regarding the extent to which children's sociodemographic, behavioural, and clinical characteristics are associated with the risk of a mental health or substance use related ED visit.

Methods: 9,301 children aged 4-17 years participating in the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study were linked retrospectively (6 months) and prospectively (12 months) with administrative health data on ED visits from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System.

Effectiveness of face masks for reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a rapid systematic review.

This rapid systematic review of evidence asks whether (i) wearing a face mask, (ii) one type of mask over another and (iii) mandatory mask policies can reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection, either in community-based or healthcare settings. A search of studies published 1 January 2020-27 January 2023 yielded 5185 unique records. Due to a paucity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies were included in the analysis.

The association between household food insecurity and healthcare costs among Canadian children.

Objective: To examine the relationship between household food insecurity and healthcare costs in children living in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study using four cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2011-2012, 2013-2014) linked with administrative health databases (ICES). We included Ontario children aged 1-17 years with a measure of household food insecurity (Household Food Security Survey Module) over the previous 12 months.

Household food insecurity and health service use for mental and substance use disorders among children and adolescents in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Food insecurity is a serious public health problem and is linked to the mental health of children and adolescents; however, its relationship with mental health service use is unknown. We sought to estimate the association between household food insecurity and contact with health services for mental or substance use disorders among children and adolescents in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We used health administrative data, linked to 5 waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey, to identify children and adolescents (aged 1-17 yr) who had a household response to the Household Food Security Survey Module.

Development of Quality Indicators to Evaluate the Appropriateness of Empiric Antimicrobial Use in Pediatric Patients.

Background: Use of quality indicators is one strategy recommended to assess antimicrobial prescribing for pediatric inpatients.

Objective: To achieve consensus from infectious diseases clinicians on quality indicators that characterize appropriate empiric antimicrobial use for the management of infectious syndromes in pediatric inpatients.

Methods: This study was completed using the Delphi technique.

Evaluating the impact of incorporating clinical practice guidelines for the management of infectious diseases into an electronic application (e-app).

Objectives: To improve dissemination and accessibility of guidelines to healthcare providers at our institution, guidance for infectious syndromes was incorporated into an electronic application (e-app). The objective of this study was to compare empiric antimicrobial prescribing before and after implementation of the e-app.

Design: This study was a before-and-after trial.

Vaccines, Politics and Mandates: Can We See the Forest for the Trees? Comment on "Convergence on Coercion: Functional and Political Pressures as Drivers of Global Childhood Vaccine Mandates".

Under-vaccination is a complex problem that is not simple to address whether this is for routine childhood immunization or for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Vaccination mandates has been one policy instrument used to try to increase vaccine uptake. While the concept may appear straight forward there is no standard approach.