Novel Collagenous Sponge Composites for Osteochondral Regeneration in Rat Knee Models: A Comparative Study of Keratin, Hydroxyapatite, and Combined Treatments.

This study aims to evaluate the osteoconductive and osteoinductive potential of novel composite collagenous sponges enriched with keratin (K), hydroxyapatite (HA), and their combination (K+HA) for osteochondral regeneration in rat knee models. By examining cell proliferation, mineralization, and vascularization, we aim to determine the regenerative effectiveness of these materials in promoting osteochondral repair, particularly in load-bearing joints like the knee. Addressing the problem of osteochondral defects (OCD), which lead to osteoarthritis-a condition characterized by pain and functional impairment-the hereby research evaluates these biomaterials for their potential to foster bone and cartilage repair, especially in load-bearing joints as the knee.

A predicted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-associated mRNA/miRNA axis contributes to the progression of diabetic liver disease.

Despite public health measures, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is still a significant concern worldwide, given its associated complications, including hepatic alterations. The role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in liver fibrosis is well established. However, its effects on the progression of diabetic liver diseases are not well understood.

The clinical significance of inflammatory biomarkers, IL6 cytokine, and systemic immune inflammatory index in rabbit model of acute and chronic Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis-induced osteomyelitis.

Infections are a major complication of open fractures and fracture fixation. In this study, an innovative bioactive medical device was used to experimentally treat MRSE-induced osteomyelitis in rabbit tibia. This paper investigates the clinical significance of inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, PLR, MLR and PMR), SII and IL-6 and assesses their role in the development of osteomyelitis.

A Comparative Analysis of the Efficacy of Bacterial Lysate versus Antibiotic Therapy in the Treatment of Experimental Peri-Implantitis in Rats.

Peri-implantitis (PI) is a current concern whose understanding and resolution are ongoing. We aimed to evaluate in vivo a new treatment with antibacterial properties, based on bacterial lysates obtained from the strains of , , and This research was conducted on 30 rats with PI which were divided into three groups and treated with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory (AAi) drugs, bacterial lysates (BLs), and saline (C), respectively. The monitoring period included the clinical and paraclinical examination where hematological, immunological, imaging, and histopathological analysis were performed.

Development of Innovative Biocomposites with Collagen, Keratin and Hydroxyapatite for Bone Tissue Engineering.

This study follows the process for the development of an innovative biomimetic composite derived from bovine collagen with keratin, with hydroxyapatite being hybridized into its architecture, and it builds a comprehensive evaluation of the composite's characteristics. The novel biomimetic materials are tailored with special traits to be achieved for the repair of osteochondral defects (OCDs). The purpose of the present research is to create a reliable effective alternative to existing bone graft materials while leveraging the intrinsic properties of the components for enhanced osteoinduction and integration.

Translatability of life-extending pharmacological treatments between different species.

Anti-aging research has made significant strides in identifying treatments capable of extending lifespan across a range of organisms, from simple invertebrates to mammals. This review showcases the current state of anti-aging interventions, highlighting the lifespan extensions observed in animal models through various treatments and the challenges encountered in translating these findings to humans. Despite promising results in lower organisms, the translation of anti-aging treatments to human applications presents a considerable challenge.

Assessment of the Effect on Periodontitis of Antibiotic Therapy and Bacterial Lysate Treatment.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory process that starts with soft tissue inflammation caused by the intervention of oral bacteria. By modulating local immunity, it is possible to supplement or replace current therapeutic methods. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an immunostimulatory treatment with the antibiotherapy usually applied to periodontitis patients.

Induction of Experimental Peri-Implantitis with Strains Selected from the Human Oral Microbiome.

Peri-implantitis (PI), the most widespread condition in the oral cavity, affects patients globally; thus, advanced research in both in vitro and in vivo studies is required. This study aimed to develop peri-implantitis in the rat model by oral contamination with bacteria responsible for PI in humans. The study was carried out in three stages: the extraction of the maxillary first molar to reproduce the human edentation, the mounting of the implant, and finally, the contamination of the device by gavage with , and .

Induction of Periodontitis Using Bacterial Strains Isolated from the Human Oral Microbiome in an Experimental Rat Model.

Periodontal disease is that condition resulting in the destruction of periodontal tissues, bone resorption, and tooth loss, the etiology of which is linked to immunological and microbiological factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential trigger of periodontal disease in a rat model using bacterial species incriminated in the pathology of human periodontitis and to establish their optimal concentrations capable of reproducing the disease, with the idea of subsequently developing innovative treatments for the condition. In this study, we included 15 male Wistar rats, aged 20 weeks, which we divided into three groups.

Meropenem antibiotic therapy in acute secondary peritonitis, therapeutic effects superior to other therapies - experimental clinical and histopathological study in the laboratory animal.

Aim: A perforated peptic ulcer is the most common cause of peritonitis through the perforation of the digestive tube, which occurs in a percentage between 2% and 14% of patients diagnosed with peptic ulcer and being associated with a 10% to 30% mortality rate.

Materials And Methods: Considering the above, we imagined a study, using laboratory animals, in which we produced gastric perforations, then followed their evolution without antibiotic treatment and under antibiotic therapy with Cefuroxime 25 mg∕kg∕24 hours intravenously or Meropenem 40 mg∕kg∕24 hours intravenously, following the tissue changes both macroscopically and microscopically.

Results: The study revealed a mortality of 36.

Long-term treatment with chloroquine increases lifespan in middle-aged male mice possibly via autophagy modulation, proteasome inhibition and glycogen metabolism.

Previous studies have shown that the polyamine spermidine increased the maximum life span in and the median life span in mice. Since spermidine increases autophagy, we asked if treatment with chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagy, would shorten the lifespan of mice. Recently, chloroquine has intensively been discussed as a treatment option for COVID-19 patients.

Histopathological elements analyzed in dynamics in mechanical bowel obstructions - experimental study on laboratory animals.

Bowel obstruction is a syndrome that produces important alterations to the digestive tract, both macroscopically and microscopically. We conducted an experimental study using rats, Wistar strain, as subjects, dividing them into three groups. The group A consisted of six rats and served as control group, in the first day of the experiment a surgical procedure being performed to resect a small bowel and a colic segment to be analyzed microscopically afterwards.

Animal models of orthopaedic infections. A review of rabbit models used to induce long bone bacterial infections.

The development of infections is one of the main complications in orthopaedics, especially in the presence of implants for the osteosynthesis of compound fractures and joint prosthesis. Indeed, foreign materials and implants act as substrates for the adhesion and proliferation of bacterial strains able to produce biofilm, causing peri-implant osteomyelitis. The eradication of biofilm remains a great challenge for the host immune system, as well as for medical and surgical approaches, thus imposing the need for new prophylactic and/or therapeutic strategies in which animal models have an essential role.

Copper Bead Therapy in Severe Bone Infection: A Rabbit Tibial Model.

Objective:  We investigated the benefits of a local preventive therapy based on copper beads against severe bone infection using a rabbit open tibial fracture model.

Materials And Methods:  Cotton mesh balls soaked in a very high concentration of ATCC 6538 culture were inoculated in drilled holes of the tibiae of treated and control groups. The treated group was also implanted with small copper beads simultaneously, as prevention therapy.

Increased Degradation Rates in the Components of the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Chain in the Cerebellum of Old Mice.

Brain structures differ in the magnitude of age-related neuron loss with the cerebellum being more affected. An underlying cause could be an age-related decline in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Successful aging of mitochondria reflects a balanced turnover of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy.

Nanocomposite particles with improved microstructure for 3D culture systems and bone regeneration.

Nano-apatite and gelatin-alginate hydrogel microparticles have been prepared by a one-step synthesis combined with electrostatic bead generation, for the reconstruction of bone defects. Based on the analysis of bone composition, architecture and embryonic intramembranous ossification, a bio-inspired fabrication has been developed. Accordingly, the mineral phase has been in situ synthesized, calcifying the hydrogel matrix while the latter was crosslinked, finally generating microparticles that can assemble into a bone defect to ensure interconnected pores.

The influence of foreign body surface area on the outcome of chronic osteomyelitis.

Reproducible animal models of osteomyelitis close to the clinical scenario are difficult to obtain as the animals either die shortly after inoculation of bacteria or the bone cures itself of infection. Additional materials used as foreign bodies offer increased chances for localized infection due to bacterial attachment and are closer to clinical pathology. Through in vivo experimentation we investigated here the influence of surface area of a series of foreign bodies on the final outcome of the animal model, in terms of reproducibility, survival rate and time necessary for onset of chronic disease.

Cerebral ischemia in the aged. Limited anti-inflammatory efficacy of the indomethacin treatment.

Ischemic stroke is a disease of aging and causes high mortality or long-term disability. Diminished neurological recovery after stroke in aged subjects is possibly associated with exaggerated non-specific inflammatory reaction. The focus of the present study was on neurobiological and behavioral differences between young and old rats modulated by indomethacin daily treatment starting at four hours after acute cerebral ischemia in animal model.

Technology transfer of oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant manufacturing for pandemic influenza vaccine production in Romania: Preclinical evaluation of split virion inactivated H5N1 vaccine with adjuvant.

Millions of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine doses containing oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant have been administered in order to enhance and broaden immune responses and to facilitate antigen sparing. Despite the enactment of a Global Action Plan for Influenza Vaccines and a multi-fold increase in production capabilities over the past 10 years, worldwide capacity for pandemic influenza vaccine production is still limited. In developing countries, where routine influenza vaccination is not fully established, additional measures are needed to ensure adequate supply of pandemic influenza vaccines without dependence on the shipment of aid from other, potentially impacted first-world countries.

Sildenafil Reduces Inflammation and Prevents Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling of the Monocrotaline - induced Disease in the Wistar Rats.

Objectives: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and severe disease with incompletely under stood pathogenesis. PAH is associated with pulmonary arterial remodeling and inflammation. We evaluated the effects of Sildenafil on the Monocrotaline (MCT) -induced disease in Wistar rats, for potential benefit in the early phases of inflammation and vascular remodeling.

Implant microparticles--a new concept for non-invasive cancer therapy.

Some progress in cancer research was possible in recent years mainly due to important advances in nanotechnology. However, clinical use of nanomaterials is still hindered by limitations. In search of better performance and control of inoculated materials, the efficiency and toxicity of SBBC implant particles was assessed.

Evaluation of the efficacy of a specific hyperimmune serum in experimental influenza infection in mice.

Serotherapy still remains a way of treatment in some diseases, and it could be consider superior to any other mode of action because the protecting substances of the body are the products of the organism itself. The aim of the study was to establish an "in vivo" method for testing the efficacy of therapeutic serum. Hyperimmune serum for influenza A/PR8/34 viral strain, was prepared in sheep, and tested for inhibition of haemagglutination and microneutralisation.