Evaluation of local, regional and abscopal effects of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) combined with immunotherapy in an ectopic colon cancer model.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the local and regional therapeutic efficacy and abscopal effect of BNCT mediated by boronophenyl-alanine, combined with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) as an immunotherapy agent in this model.

Methods: The local effect of treatment was evaluated in terms of tumor response in the irradiated tumor-bearing right hind flank. Metastatic spread to tumor-draining lymph nodes was analyzed as an indicator of regional effect.

Thyroid status regulates the tumor microenvironment delineating breast cancer fate.

The patient's hormonal context plays a crucial role in the outcome of cancer. However, the association between thyroid disease and breast cancer risk remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of thyroid status on breast cancer growth and dissemination in an immunocompetent mouse model.

Bond Strength of CAD/CAM Restorative Materials Treated with Different Surface Etching Protocols.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the surface morphology of CAD/CAM ceramics and on their bond strength to cement.

Materials And Methods: Sixty cubic sections were cut from each of three materials (lithium disilicate glass-ceramic [DL], leucite-based glass-ceramic [LC], resin-matrix ceramic composite [RMCC]) and were treated as follows (n = 10): 1. no treatment (C); 2.

Photothermal effect by 808-nm laser irradiation of melanin: a proof-of-concept study of photothermal therapy using B16-F10 melanotic melanoma growing in BALB/c mice.

The photothermal effect is undergoing great interest due to advances in new photosensitizing materials and better-suited light sources, but studies are frequently hampered by the need to employ exogenous photothermal agents and expensive irradiation devices. Here we present a simple strategy based on direct NIR irradiation of the melanin pigment with a commercial 808-nm laser pointer. Proof-of-concept studies showed efficient photothermal effects on melanin and After NIR irradiation, BALB/c mice bearing B16-F10 melanotic melanoma tumors revealed severe histopathological damage and massive necrosis in melanin-containing tumor tissue, while surrounding healthy tissues showed no damage.

Electroporation optimizes the uptake of boron-10 by tumor for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) mediated by GB-10: a boron biodistribution study in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising cancer binary therapy modality that utilizes the nuclear capture reaction of thermal neutrons by boron-10 resulting in a localized release of high- and low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is based on electroporation (EP) that induces opening of pores in cell membranes, allowing the entry of compounds. Because EP is applied locally to a tumor, the compound is incorporated preferentially by tumor cells.

Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth.

Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.

Translational boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) studies for the treatment of tumors in lung.

Purpose: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) combines selective accumulation of B carriers in tumor tissue with subsequent neutron irradiation. BNCT has been proposed for the treatment of multiple, non-resectable, diffuse tumors in lung. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of BNCT in an experimental model of lung metastases of colon carcinoma in BDIX rats and perform complementary survival studies.

NIR laser pointer for in vivo photothermal therapy of murine LM3 tumor using intratumoral China ink as a photothermal agent.

The photothermal effect is one of the most promising photonic procedures currently under development to successfully treat several clinical disorders, none the least some kinds of cancer. At present, this field is undergoing a renewed interest due to advances in both photothermal materials and better-suited light sources. However, scientific studies in this area are sometimes hampered by the relative unavailability of state-of-art materials or the complexity of setting up a dedicated optical facility.

Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives.

For many years various tetrazolium salts and their formazan products have been employed in histochemistry and for assessing cell viability. For the latter application, the most widely used are 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and 5-cyano-2,3-di-(p-tolyl)-tetrazolium chloride (CTC) for viability assays of eukaryotic cells and bacteria, respectively. In these cases, the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) coenzyme and dehydrogenases from metabolically active cells reduce tetrazolium salts to strongly colored and lipophilic formazan products, which are then quantified by absorbance (MTT) or fluorescence (CTC).

Abscopal effect of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT): proof of principle in an experimental model of colon cancer.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate, for the first time, the abscopal effect of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Twenty-six BDIX rats were inoculated subcutaneously with 1 × 10 DHD/K12/TRb syngeneic colon cancer cells in the right hind flank. Three weeks post-inoculation, the right leg of 12 rats bearing the tumor nodule was treated with BPA-BNCT (BPA-Boronophenylalanine) at the RA-3 nuclear reactor located in Buenos Aires, Argentina, at an absorbed dose of 7.

What is expected from a facial trauma caused by violence?

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the peculiarities of maxillofacial injuries caused by interpersonal violence with other etiologic factors.

Material And Methods: Medical records of 3,724 patients with maxillofacial injuries in São Paulo state (Brazil) were retrospectively analyzed. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (simple descriptive statistics and Chi-squared test) using SPSS 18.

The effectiveness of nano chemotherapeutic particles combined with mifepristone depends on the PR isoform ratio in preclinical models of breast cancer.

There is clinical and experimental evidence suggesting that antiprogestins might be used for the treatment of selected breast cancer patients. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nab-paclitaxel) and pegylated doxorubicin liposomes (PEG-LD) in combination with mifepristone (MFP) in experimental breast cancer models expressing different ratios of progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms A and B. We used two antiprogestin-responsive (PRA>PRB) and two resistant (PRA View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Inhibition of nitric oxide is a good therapeutic target for bladder tumors that express iNOS.

Bladder cancer is the second cause of death for urological tumors in man. When the tumor is nonmuscle invasive, transurethral resection is curative. On the other hand, radical cystectomy is the treatment chosen for patients with invasive tumors, but still under treatment, these patients have high risk of dying, by the development of metastatic disease within 5 years.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for liver metastasis in an experimental model: dose–response at five-week follow-up based on retrospective dose assessment in individual rats.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) was proposed for untreatable colorectal liver metastases. Employing an experimental model of liver metastases in rats, we recently demonstrated that BNCT mediated by boronophenylalanine (BPA-BNCT) at 13 Gy prescribed to tumor is therapeutically useful at 3-week follow-up. The aim of the present study was to evaluate dose–response at 5-week follow-up, based on retrospective dose assessment in individual rats.

TGF-beta specifically enhances the metastatic attributes of murine lung adenocarcinoma: implications for human non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the most frequent and one of the most deadly cancer types and is classified into small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) regulates a wide array of cell functions and plays a major role in lung diseases, including NSCLC. TGFβ signals through the complex of TGFβ type I and type II receptors, triggering Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt and MEK1/ERK.

Modulation of pancreatic tumor potential by overexpression of protein kinase C β1.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether the overexpression of protein kinase C β1 (PKCβ1) is able to modulate the malignant phenotype displayed by the human ductal pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC1.

Methods: PKCβ1 overexpression was achieved using a stable transfection approach. PANC1-PKCβ1 and control cells were analyzed both in vitro and in vivo.

Action of hexachlorobenzene on tumor growth and metastasis in different experimental models.

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a widespread organochlorine pesticide, considered a possible human carcinogen. It is a dioxin-like compound and a weak ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). We have found that HCB activates c-Src/HER1/STAT5b and HER1/ERK1/2 signaling pathways and cell migration, in an AhR-dependent manner in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

A soy-based product fermented by Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus helveticus inhibits the development of murine breast adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Soy and its fermented products are considered functional foods. The study objective was to assess three functional food - a non-fermented soy product (NFP), fermented soy product (FSP), fermented soy product enriched with isoflavones (FI) - in terms of their ability to reduce the development of adenocarcinoma in mice, as well their ability on modulating immune system.

Methods: It was observed tumor volume and to verify correlations with the immune system it was measured levels of the cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α produced by macrophages as well as IFN-γ produced by lymphocytes using ELISA test, and nitric oxide production by macrophages using Griess reagent.

Immunological response in mice bearing LM3 breast tumor undergoing pulchellin treatment.

Background: Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP) have been studied in the search for toxins that could be used as immunotoxins for cancer treatment. Pulchellin, a type 2 RIP, is suggested to induce immune responses that have a role in controlling cancer.

Methods: The percentage of dendritic cells and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the spleen (flow cytometry), cytokines' release by PECs and splenocytes (ELISA) and nitric oxide production by PECs (Griess assay) were determined from tumor-bearing mice injected intratumorally with 0.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for liver metastasis: therapeutic efficacy in an experimental model.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) was proposed for untreatable colorectal liver metastases. The present study evaluates tumor control and potential radiotoxicity of BNCT in an experimental model of liver metastasis. BDIX rats were inoculated with syngeneic colon cancer cells DHD/K12/TRb.

Immunostimulatory and cytotoxic activities of Indigofera suffruticosa (Fabaceae).

One of the major disadvantages of the current cancer therapy is the suppression of the immune system. Brazilian flora is considered one of the most diverse in the world and many plants were found to contain active constituents that can be valuable sources of new drugs. The plant Indigofera suffruticosa was studied to determine its potential to stimulate the immune system and also to be effective against tumour cells.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for the treatment of liver metastases: biodistribution studies of boron compounds in an experimental model.

We previously demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of different boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) protocols in an experimental model of oral cancer. BNCT is based on the selective accumulation of (10)B carriers in a tumor followed by neutron irradiation. Within the context of exploring the potential therapeutic efficacy of BNCT for the treatment of liver metastases, the aim of the present study was to perform boron biodistribution studies in an experimental model of liver metastases in rats.

A novel Salmonella Typhi-based immunotherapy promotes tumor killing via an antitumor Th1-type cellular immune response and neutrophil activation in a mouse model of breast cancer.

We investigated the use of a live, attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi vaccine strain as an antitumor immunotherapy. Mice bearing a subcutaneous tumor (LM3 mammary adenocarcinoma) were immunized on three occasions with S. Typhi strain CVD 915 by injection into the tumor, the peritumoral tissue and the draining lymph node areas; this procedure was termed Salmonella multiple treatment (Salmonella MT).

Modulation of endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis: a novel function for the "tandem-repeat" lectin galectin-8.

Angiogenesis, the growth of new capillaries from preexisting blood vessels, is a complex process involving endothelial cell (EC) activation, disruption of vascular basement membranes, and migration and proliferation of ECs. Glycan-mediated recognition has been proposed to play an instrumental role in mediating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Galectins (Gal), a family of glycan-binding proteins with affinity for β-galactosides and a conserved sequence motif, can decipher glycan-containing information and mediate cell-cell communication.

Inoculated mammary carcinoma-associated fibroblasts: contribution to hormone independent tumor growth.

Background: Increasing evidence has underscored the role of carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAF) in tumor growth. However, there are controversial data regarding the persistence of inoculated CAF within the tumors. We have developed a model in which murine metastatic ductal mammary carcinomas expressing estrogen and progesterone receptors transit through different stages of hormone dependency.