Conservative Treatment of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy: A Narrative Review.

Neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) is a flaccid paralysis of the upper limbs that occurs in about 0.4 percent of live births. This condition can produce permanent disabilities; to date, there is no consensus on protocols to be applied for the rehabilitation of children with this condition.

The effectiveness of shoe modifications and foot orthoses in conservative treatment of lesser toe deformities: a review of literature.

Forefoot disorders are prevalent in the general population, with an incidence between 2 and 20%. Among them, lesser toe deformities (hammer, claw, and mallet toes) are frequent disorders, and their conservative management is often not adequately considered but usually attempted before surgical indication. Among conservative treatments, shoe modifications and the application of orthoses may, in most cases, alleviate symptoms.

Early bone marrow alterations in patients with adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency across disease phenotypes and severities.

Background: Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is a complex monogenic disease caused by recessive mutations in the ADA2 gene. DADA2 exhibits a broad clinical spectrum encompassing vasculitis, immunodeficiency, and hematologic abnormalities. Yet, the impact of DADA2 on the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment is largely unexplored.

Medium-term clinical results in the treatment of supracondylar humeral fractures in children: does the surgical approach impact outcomes?

Background: Recent literature has found a consensus in favor of conservative treatment for type II supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHF). This retrospective observational study compares the short- to medium-term functional outcomes of conservative versus surgical treatment in 31 patients with SCHF (Gartland II and III) to assess the potential superiority of one approach over the other.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-one pediatric patients treated for SCHF-19 classified as Gartland II and 12 as Gartland III-were assessed in our department.

Amorphous silica nanoparticles exhibit antitumor activity in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that is mainly treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, this treatment is not always effective, and an important percentage of patients develop recurrence. Nanomaterials are emerging as alternative treatment options for various diseases, including cancer.

The efficacy of shoes modification and orthotics in hallux valgus deformity: a comprehensive review of literature.

Hallux valgus (HV) is a frequent forefoot deformity affecting about 23% of adults and 35.7% of people over 65. The exact etiology is not fully understood.

Minimally invasive surgery in medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy for acquired flatfoot deformity: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in medial displacement calcaneus osteotomy (MDCO) has been proposed for surgical correction of adult-acquired flat foot deformity (AAFD) to reduce complications of open approaches. The aim of our study is to systematically analyze complications and the clinical and radiological results of MIS- MDCO.

Methods: A systematic review of the English literature was performed on 30th October 2023.

Role of lateral soft tissues release in percutaneous hallux valgus correction: A medium term retrospective study.

Background: In the field of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for the treatment of hallux valgus (HV), different techniques have begun to emerge in the literature concerning the distal osteotomy of the first metatarsal bone, the synthesis or not of the metatarsal head, the possible association with lateral soft tissues release (LSTR) and osteotomy of the base of the first phalanx.

Aim: To evaluate the role of LSTR on percutaneous HV correction, evaluating functional and radiographical results.

Methods: From January 2012 to May 2016 a total of 396 patients with mild to moderate symptomatic HV treated with the MIS technique were included in this retrospective study.

Toward a Unified Description of Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonances in a Self-Consistent Quasiparticle-Vibration Coupling Approach.

The nuclear incompressibility is a key parameter of the nuclear equation of state that can be extracted from the measurements of the so-called "breathing mode" of finite nuclei. The most serious discrepancy so far is between values extracted from Pb and Sn, that has provoked the longstanding question "Why is tin so soft?". To solve this puzzle, a fully self-consistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation plus quasiparticle-vibration coupling approach based on Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov is developed.

Revision of total knee arthroplasty with press-fit condylar SIGMA TC3-mobile bearing system and porous metaphyseal sleeves in type AORI type II and III bone defects. A long-term follow-up study.

Background And Aim: Revision total knee arthroplasty(rTKA) is a challenging and expensive treatment for orthopedic surgeons who have to deal with poor bone quality and bone loss. This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the clinical and radiological results of patients undergoing rTKA and porous metaphyseal sleeves in AORI type II and III bone defects.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective series of continuous patients treated for mechanical failure of TKA.

Ultrasound or MRI in the Evaluation of Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATFL) Injuries: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Ankle sprains represent the second most common cause of emergency department access for musculoskeletal injury and lateral ankle ligament complex tears account for 850,000 cases annually in the United States with a relapse rate of 70%. Clinical examination is limited due to its subjectivity and the difficulty of identifying a specific involvement of the ligament; therefore, US and MRI are frequently requested. Therefore, the goal of this study is to analyze the available literature on the use of ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose injuries to the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) with a meta-analytic approach.

The influence of first ray instability and hindfoot valgus in the development of hallux rigidus: state of art.

Hallux rigidus (HR) is a painful condition associated with degenerative arthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP1) joint, leading to a progressive loss of dorsiflexion. The etiological factors leading to the development of the condition are not yet fully understood in the literature. When the hindfoot is aligned in excessive valgus, the medial border of the foot tends to roll over, which brings to increased stress on the medial side of the MTP1 joint, and consequently on the first ray (FR), thus potentially influencing the development of HR deformity.

Proteomic analysis of the effect of hemin in breast cancer.

Heme, an iron-containing prosthetic group found in many proteins, carries out diverse biological functions such as electron transfer, oxygen storage and enzymatic reactions. Hemin, the oxidised form of heme, is used to treat porphyria and also to activate heme-oxygenase (HO) which catalyses the rate-limiting step in heme degradation. Our group has previously demonstrated that hemin displays antitumor activity in breast cancer (BC).

Lfc subcellular localization and activity is controlled by αv-class integrin.

Fibronectin (FN)-binding integrins control a variety of cellular responses through Rho GTPases. The FN-binding integrins, αvβ3 and α5β1, are known to induce different effects on cell morphology and motility. Here, we report that FN-bound αvβ3 integrin, but not FN-bound α5β1 integrin, triggers the dissociation of the RhoA GEF Lfc (also known as GEF-H1 and ARHGEF2 in humans) from microtubules (MTs), leading to the activation of RhoA, formation of stress fibres and maturation of focal adhesions (FAs).

Iron cycle disruption by heme oxygenase-1 activation leads to a reduced breast cancer cell survival.

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which catalyzes heme degradation releasing iron, regulates several processes related to breast cancer. Iron metabolism deregulation is also connected with several tumor processes. However the regulatory relationship between HO-1 and iron proteins in breast cancer remains unclear.

Fracture-Related Infection in Bicolumnar Acetabular Fracture: A Case Report.

Case: A 51-year-old man was affected by a fracture-related infection after a bicolumnar acetabular fracture. A significant alteration of the anatomy was present; thus, a 3D-printed model was useful for planning. A two-stage treatment was planned: in the first stage, implant removal with irrigation and debridement was performed, while in the second stage, a new osteosynthesis and implant of a THA were planned.

Hemoxygenase-1 Promotes Head and Neck Cancer Cell Viability.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a remarkably heterogeneous disease with around 50% mortality, a fact that has prompted researchers to try new approaches to improve patient survival. Hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting step for heme degradation into carbon monoxide, free iron and biliverdin. We have previously reported that HO-1 protein is upregulated in human HNSCC samples and that it is localized in the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments; additionally, we have demonstrated that HO-1 nuclear localization is associated with malignant progression.

Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty in Degenerative Spinal Disease: Systematic Review of Indications, Clinical Outcomes, and Complications.

Background: Percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that can provide a segmental stabilizing and indirect decompression effect in the case of severely degenerated discs characterized by vacuum phenomenon. This systematic review aims to analyze the available literature relating to correct indications and clinical and radiologic efficacy of PCD in patients affected by advanced degenerative spine conditions.

Methods: The search was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline.

Interposition arthroplasty with bovine collagenous membrane for hallux rigidus: A long-term results retrospective study.

Background: Hallux rigidus (HR) is a degenerative arthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP1) with progressive loss of range of movement (ROM). Interposition arthroplasty (IA) is a technique widely used for the treatment of HR;however, few studies reported long-term clinical results. This study aims to report the clinical results of IA using a bovine pericardium collagen matrix for HR with a minimum 10-years follow-up.

Evidence Against Nuclear Polarization as Source of Fine-Structure Anomalies in Muonic Atoms.

A long-standing problem of fine-structure anomalies in muonic atoms is revisited by considering the splittings Δ2p=E_{2p_{3/2}}-E_{2p_{1/2}} in muonic ^{90}Zr, ^{120}Sn, and ^{208}Pb and Δ3p=E_{3p_{3/2}}-E_{3p_{1/2}} in muonic ^{208}Pb. State-of-the-art techniques from both nuclear and atomic physics are brought together in order to perform the most comprehensive to date calculations of nuclear-polarization energy shifts. Barring the more subtle case of μ-^{208}Pb, the results suggest that the dominant calculation uncertainty is much smaller than the persisting discrepancies between theory and experiment.

Revision arthroplasty with megaprosthesis after Girdlestone procedure for periprosthetic joint infection as an option in massive acetabular and femoral bone defects.

Background And Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients treated with Girdlestone procedure (GP) or excision arthroplasty (EA) for periprosthetic infection with massive bone defects and undergoing revision arthroplasty.

Methods: All patients treated with EA or GP for hip periprosthetic infection between 2014 and 2017 and sustaining revision arthroplasty (RA) were included in the study. Patients with less than 24 months of follow-up or less than 12 months between GP or EA and RA were excluded.

Candida periprosthetic infection of the knee: a systematic review of surgical treatments and clinical outcomes.

Background: Candida periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are a rare cause of prosthesis revision with severe consequences and challenging treatment. This study aims to produce a systematic analysis of types of treatment and outcome of knee Candida PJIs and their correlation with specific pathogen species.

Methods: During April 2021, a literature search was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline.