Body mass index mediates inflammatory response to acute dietary challenges.

Scope: Acute metabolic challenges provide an opportunity to identify mechanisms of metabolic and nutritional health. In this study, we assessed the transcriptomic response to oral glucose and lipid challenges in a cohort of individuals ranging in age and BMI. The main goal is to identify whether BMI can mediate the metabolic and transcriptional response to dietary challenges, and the differences between lipid and glucose tests.

Modulation of the lipidomic profile due to a lipid challenge and fitness level: a postprandial study.

Background: The lipid composition of plasma is known to vary due to both phenotypic factors such as age, gender and BMI as well as with various diseases including cancer and neurological disorders. However, there is little investigation into the variation in the lipidome due to exercise and/ or metabolic challenges. The objectives of this present study were (i) To identify the glycerophospholipid, sphingolipids and ceramide changes in response to an oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT) in healthy adults and (ii) To identify the effect of aerobic fitness level on lipidomic profiles.

Relationship between the lipidome, inflammatory markers and insulin resistance.

The objectives of the present study were to (1) examine the effects of the phenotypic factors age, gender and BMI on the lipidomic profile and (2) investigate the relationship between the lipidome, inflammatory markers and insulin resistance. Specific ceramide, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine lipids were increased in females relative to males and specific lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine lipids decreased as BMI increased. However, age had a minimal effect on the lipid profile with significant differences found in only two lipid species.

PBMCs reflect the immune component of the WAT transcriptome--implications as biomarkers of metabolic health in the postprandial state.

Scope: Food and nutrition studies often require accessing metabolically active tissues, including adipose tissue. This can involve invasive biopsy procedures that can be a limiting factor in study design. In contrast, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are a population of circulating immune cells that are easily accessible through venipuncture.

Within-person variation in the postprandial lipemic response of healthy adults.

Background: The response to dietary fat plays a key role in metabolic health. Although this can vary widely between individuals, variation within an individual and the associated contribution of phenotypic and genotypic factors to this variation are less defined.

Objectives: The objectives were to quantify within-person variation in triacylglycerol response by means of a novel variation score (S(v)) and to explore the phenotypic and genotypic factors associated with this score.