Ocular motility alterations in orbital fractures: pre-post evaluation in maxillofacial surgical treatment.

Purpose: The study aims to investigate the ability of maxillofacial surgery to reduce strabismus and improve ocular clinical symptomatology in patients with fracture of the medial or lateral floor of the orbit, or both, and to evaluate such abilities relative to the temporal distance between trauma and surgery.

Patients And Methods: 25 patients with traumatic diplopia were evaluated by CT, Goldman manual field of view, Hess-Lancaster test, eye examination and orthoptic examination, before and after surgery.

Results: We observed: a statistically significant reduction of the deviation angle, both from close and long distance (P = 0.

Peribulbar anesthesia in sclero-retinal surgery: two quadrants vs single injection.

Purpose: To evaluate the advantage of peribulbar anesthesia in two quadrants (infero-temporal and upper nasal) vs single injection technique (infero-temporal) for scleral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery (RRD).

Patients And Methods: 57 patients, aged between 33 and 75 years (57.01 ± 8.

Infections in hospital departments. What is Hospital Responsibility?

Infections in hospitals still have a high incidence and many of them could be avoided through better welfare standards. To try to overcome them, a strategy based on prevention is needed, but cleaning, disinfection and sterilization procedures are also a key tool. It is important to provide for all healthcare professionals a constant update and the creation of protocols that take into account the technical, scientific and economic aspects, but also specific operational needs, so that the proposed solutions can be applied in daily routines.

Fast glycorrhachia and cerebrospinal fluid protein as predictors of sensory block in anesthesia with subarachnoid Ropivacaine.

Background: Identify if glycorrhachia and cerebrospinal fluid protein could influence the time of sensory block to T10, the duration and the metameric block's level, after a standard dose of Ropivacaine.

Methods: 80 patients, ASA I - III undergoing to transurethral prostate resection with spinal anesthesia in a prospected open study were recruited. A 0.

Turnover in health care: the mediating effects of employee engagement.

Aim: This study aimed to understand the interaction between interpersonal respect, diversity climate, mission fulfilment and engagement to better predict turnover in health care.

Background: Registered nurse turnover has averaged 14% and current nursing shortages are expected to spread. Few studies have studied employee engagement as a mediator between organisational context and turnover.

Analgesic effect of a single preoperative dose of the antibiotic ceftriaxone in humans.

Unlabelled: Repeated injections of the antibiotic ceftriaxone cause analgesia in rodents by upregulating the glutamate transporter, GLT-1. No evidence is available in humans. We studied the effect of a single intravenous administration of ceftriaxone in patients undergoing decompressive surgery of the median or ulnar nerves.

Efficacy and safety of 0.5% levobupivacaine versus 0.5% bupivacaine for peribulbar anesthesia.

Background: This randomized double-blind study examined the use of a new anesthetic agent, levobupivacaine 0.5%, which is the S(-)-enantiomer of a racemic mixture of bupivacaine, for peribulbar anesthesia and compared it with racemic bupivacaine 0.5% alone or in combination with hyaluronidase 10 IU/mL.

Clinical manifestations due to pharmacological interactions in pediatric ophthalmic surgery: topical drugs and general anaesthesia.

Introduction: The authors consider the type and the incidence of the adverse effects due to the interaction between ophthalmic drugs and general anaesthesia in pediatric ophthalmic surgery.

Patients And Methods: The experience included 176 general anaesthesia in 100 children aged between 9,2 months and 11,4 years (mean age 4,9 years).

Results: In the 100 patients we reported: 4 cases (2.

Severe rhabdomyolysis with myocarditis in a 2-year-old child.

Rhabdomyolysis in children is frequently a complication of a viral infection and typically has a benign course: calf pain and difficulty walking that usually resolve in a few days. Elevated levels of creatine kinase are an indicator of muscle injury. There are few reports of severe rhabdomyolysis in children without underlying metabolic or rheumatologic disease.

Levobupivacaine vs. racemic bupivacaine in peribulbar anaesthesia: a randomized double blind study in ophthalmic surgery.

Aims: The Authors examine the employement of a new anaesthetic agent, levobupivacaine 0.50% (S - enantiomer of racemic mixture of bupivacaine), for peribulbar anaesthesia in a randomized double blind study vs. racemic bupivacaine 0.

Acute pancreatitis due to rotavirus gastroenteritis in a child.

Objectives: Serum amylase can be elevated in various pathological conditions, but its primary application is as a biochemical test for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Acute gastroenteritis has not been widely recognized as a cause for hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis.

Methods: We describe a case of acute pancreatitis after rotavirus gastroenteritis occurring in a previously healthy child.

Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa.

Gut microbial composition depends on different dietary habits just as health depends on microbial metabolism, but the association of microbiota with different diets in human populations has not yet been shown. In this work, we compared the fecal microbiota of European children (EU) and that of children from a rural African village of Burkina Faso (BF), where the diet, high in fiber content, is similar to that of early human settlements at the time of the birth of agriculture. By using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing and biochemical analyses, we found significant differences in gut microbiota between the two groups.

Effects of remifentanil-based general anaesthesia with propofol or sevoflurane on muscle microcirculation as assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy.

Background: Although anaesthetics are known to alter microcirculation no study has, to our knowledge, documented changes in human skeletal microcirculatory function during general anaesthesia.

Methods: Forty-four patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery at a university hospital were prospectively randomized to receive general anaesthesia with remifentanil combined with propofol or sevoflurane. Muscle microcirculation was investigated with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) before general anaesthesia was induced and 30 min later.

Neurosedation in dentistry of the disabled patient: the use of midazolam, propofol, and remifentanil.

Aim: This prospective randomized study, deals with neurosedation in dental treatment of 200 disabled patients and unable to cooperate, subdivided in 4 groups of 50 male only patients, with age ranging from 28 to 59 (39+/-11), ASA I-III.

Methods: The pharmaceuticals used were Midazolam (group MID) Propofol (group Prop) and Remifentanil. Midazolam and Propofol were used following a bolus-infusion sequence, both separately and in combination among themselves (MID\PROP group), or with an opioid, Remifentanil (MID\PROP\REMI group).

Microvascular dysfunction and skeletal muscle oxygenation assessed by phase-modulation near-infrared spectroscopy in patients with septic shock.

Objective: Sepsis is now considered a disease of the microcirculation. Little is known about the various sepsis-induced changes responsible for microvascular dysfunction. We investigated human microvascular function, regulation, oxygenation, and cellular metabolism during subacute septic shock.

[Propofol for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in ophthalmic surgery].

After brief mention of the chemical and pharmacodynamic properties of diisopropylphenol, personal experience on the administration of propofol for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia for ophthalmic surgery is reported. The results have shown that induction of anaesthesia by propofol injection is associated with a significant and useful reduction of IOP more than TPS induction. Continuous infusion of Diprivan provides satisfactory conditions for intraocular surgery and could be a real choice to thiopentone combined with enflurane.