Physical and genetic mapping of novel microsatellite polymorphisms on human chromosome 19.

We describe here the identification of 11 novel microsatellite polymorphisms on human chromosome 19. These dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms were detected in chromosome 19-specific cosmids that were physically mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization. For each repeat, flanking oligonucleotide primers were synthesized and the polymerase chain reaction assay was performed on a panel of 100 unrelated individuals to determine the heterozygosity and allele frequencies.

Detection of circulating human immunodeficiency virus type 2 in plasma by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Genomic RNA was detected using a reverse transcription (RT) nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method on plasma from 24 HIV2-infected patients. Results were interpreted based on immune and clinical status and results of plasma and cellular viraemia assays. Amplification of RNA extracted from plasma was positive in 13 of the 24 cases studied (54%).

[The isolation and subtyping of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from children in Moldova. The evidence for subtype F].

HIV epidemic related to nosocomial transmission in Romanian nursed children represents up to now more than 50% of paediatric AIDS cases in Europe. Although the sources of this epidemic are obscure, HIV-1 subtype F, a minor form in Brasil and Africa, realised a founder effect in this risk group, thus becoming the major form in Romanian epidemic. This study presents the results of the virus isolation from HIV-infected children in Northeast Romania.

[Reactivity differences between serums of patients infected with HIV-2 and HIV-1 antigens according to the patients' geographic origin].

We tested 98 sera from HIV-2-infected patients for cross-reactivity with HIV-1 antigens in a competitive EIA test and western blotting. The sera were obtained during epidemiological surveys in Cape Verde Islands (n = 47) and Mali (n = 51). There were significantly more cross reactions with sera from Mali.

Clinical relevance of trans-rectal ultrasound, biopsy, and serum prostate-specific antigen following external beam radiotherapy for carcinoma of the prostate.

Purpose: To correlate the results of routine transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies with the usual clinical parameters of digital rectal examination, prostate specific antigen and ultrasound in the follow-up of one hundred patients treated with radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: Stage distribution of the 100 patients was T1b; 19, T2a: 24, T2b: 36, T3: 20, T4: 1. Median follow-up is 26 months (range 15-48).

Rapid determination of human cytomegalovirus susceptibility to ganciclovir directly from clinical specimen primocultures.

We were able to rapidly determine the susceptibility of human cytomegalovirus to ganciclovir using a late antigen synthesis reduction assay directly on primocultures of clinical specimens. This test was compared with a conventional susceptibility assay which was performed with cell-free virus obtained after cytomegalovirus isolation and in vitro passages. Both tests produced similar results.

Simultaneous temperature and sensitive two-species concentration measurements by single-shot CARS.

Simultaneous spatially and temporally resolved measurements of N(2) and O(2) mole fractions and of temperature are performed using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). The CARS setup is used with the crossed-beam arrangement (BOXCARS) and nonresonant-background suppression. The technique employs two Stokes lasers, broadband and narrowband, in combination with a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser.

Endometriosis of the colon. Its diagnosis and management.

Cases of endometriosis of the colon were examined in a retrospective fashion to illustrate the problems in diagnosis and management of this disease entity. Nine patients were identified from 1956 to 1988; their average age was 41 years. Common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, tenesmus, small caliber stools, abdominal distention, and blood per rectum.

Spatial averaging and multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering temperature-measurement error.

We discuss the effect of spatial averaging within the probe volume on multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering temperature measurements. A numerical simulation and an experimental verification on a small laminar flame burner were performed. Appreciable measurement errors can be made in reactive laminar or turbulent media with large gradients.