[GnRH agonist triggering in IVF and luteal phase support in women at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ovulation triggering by agonists in antagonists IVF cycles with fresh embryo transfer in modulating low HCG dose for luteal phase support in patients at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Patients And Methods: In an observational study from September 2011 to March 2013, we triggered with agonist 107 cycles with OHSS risk, we initially triggered 39 cycles with 2 doses of Triptorelin 0.1 mg.

Programming in vitro fertilization retrievals during working days after a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol with estrogen pretreatment: does the length of exposure to estradiol impact on controlled ovarian hyperstimulation outcomes?

Objective: To verify whether a variable number of days beyond the menses of estrogen (E) pretreatment may impact on controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) outcomes and birth rate using a GnRH antagonist protocol.

Design: Single center, prospective, nonrandomized study.

Setting: Nonacademic fertility unit.

[Influence duration of the use of estrogens beyond the menses in estradiol IVF antagonist programming cycles].

Objective: To evaluate by the birth rate the impact of the number of days of estrogens continued beyond the menses in a four days estradiol IVF antagonist programming cycles.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective study from September 2004 to January 2009 among women of age ranging between 25 and 38 years. Four milligrams of provames is prescribed 3 to 5 days before the theorical menses and continued until the beginning day of stimulation, which is distributed equitably between Thursday and Sunday.

[Efficiency of antagonist IVF cycle programming by estrogens].

Objective: Assess the efficiency of estradiol programming in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) with antagonists by comparing with classical long luteal agonist protocol.

Patients And Methods: It is a prospective randomized study, comparing 426 cycles in the arm estradiol antagonist with 412 cycles in the arm long agonist. Estradiol 4 mg/day begins on the 25th day of the previous cycle and continues during the menses until the first day of the stimulation which is from Thursday to Sunday whatever the beginning of the menses.

Study of aneuploidy in large-headed, multiple-tailed spermatozoa: case report and review of the literature.

Objective: To determine the meiotic segregation in large-headed, multiple-tailed spermatozoa.

Design: Analysis of sperm nuclei by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Setting: University hospital.

Involvement of semenogelin-derived peptides in the antibacterial activity of human seminal plasma.

Mechanisms for protecting spermatozoa, and the testes that produce them, from infection are essential, given the importance of these cells and organs for the fertility of the individual and perpetuation of the species. This is borne out by the publication of numerous papers on this subject over the last 50 years. We extended our work and that of others on the anti-infectious defense system of the male genital tract, using a new strategy for the direct identification of antibacterial molecules in human seminal plasma.

Expression of antimicrobial defensins in the male reproductive tract of rats, mice, and humans.

Defensins are antimicrobial peptides that play a major role in innate immunity. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunochemistry, or both, we performed a search of all presently known defensins in rat testis, epididymis, and isolated testicular cells; in mouse testis and epididymis; and in human testis and ejaculates. In the rat, all alpha- and beta-defensins except RNP-4 were expressed within the testis, whereas alpha-defensins RNP1-2, RNP-4, and beta-defensins RBD-1 and RBD-2 were present within the epididymis.

Changes in protamine 1 distribution in human sperm nucleus during in vitro sperm-oocyte interaction: an immunoelectron microscopic study.

Objective: To determine whether the process of sperm nuclear destabilization would begin before sperm-oocyte fusion in humans.

Design: Changes in the distribution of human protamine 1 were investigated in human spermatozoa from the ejaculate, in spermatozoa selected by swim-up or Percoll techniques, and in spermatozoa bound to zona pellucida (ZP) from oocytes that failed to fertilize in an IVF program.

Setting: Center for Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technology, and university departments.

Nuclear maturity of human spermatozoa selected by swim-up or by Percoll gradient centrifugation procedures.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between sperm preparation techniques and nuclear maturity, as evidenced by the electrophoretic profiles of sperm nuclear proteins.

Design: Analysis of sperm nuclear quality in sperm populations used for IVF.

Setting: Center for infertility and assisted reproductive technology and university departments.

1H nuclear magnetic resonance of human seminal plasma in in vitro fertilization attempts: use of automatic spectrum analysis.

Seminal plasma affects the quality of spermatozoa. The possible use of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of human seminal plasma to determine a full biochemical profile that would allow the prediction of successful in vitro fertilization was examined. Two seminal plasma patterns (GI and GII) were found.

[Intratubal transfer of an embryo or a zygote. (TET or GIFT) Past, present and future? Comparative study of tubal embryo transfer (TET) versus in vitro fertilization].

The pregnancy rate per transfer does not appear to be increased if the embryos are placed in the Fallopian tube rather than using in-vitro fertilization or inserting the gametes into the tubule ampulla. Consequently, the indications are specific to particular cases.

Electrophoretic characteristics of nuclear proteins from human spermatozoa.

A comparative electrophoretic analysis of nuclear proteins was investigated in ejaculated human semen. The results confirm the biochemical heterogeneity of nucleoproteins in sperm with normal routine parameters and demonstrate the same heterogeneity in semen with defective routine parameters: nucleoproteins comprise histones, intermediate proteins, and protamines in the two groups. Individual qualitative and quantitative differences are observed within and between the two groups.

Human spermatozoal nuclear maturity in normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia.

Ejaculated human spermatozoa were studied to assess their nuclear maturity. After SDS or SDS-EDTA treatment, asthenozoospermic semen had a lower resistance to decondensation than normozoospermic semen and contained more stained immature nuclei after aniline blue staining. It showed a higher uptake of ethidium bromide, specific for DNA.

Effect of duration of abstinence on maturity of human spermatozoa nucleus.

Human sperm are a heterogeneous population, particularly with respect to their morphology, motility, and degree of nuclear maturity. The characteristics of human sperm and the degree of nuclear condensation with variable sexual abstinence times (long, 7 days; short, 12 h) have been studied. Long abstinence led to an increase in the number of sperm and a decrease in their motility, but their morphology remained unchanged.