Creating a best practice template for participant communication plans in global health clinical studies.

Background: Clinical trial participants have a right to be informed throughout the entire process of human subject research. As part of this pillar of research ethics, participants and other stakeholders should be made aware of research findings after a trial has been completed. Though participants have both a right, and a desire to be informed of research outcomes, studies show that they rarely receive communication about study findings.

Effective Use of Extended Dwell Peripheral Intravenous Catheters in Neonatal Intensive Care Patients.

Background: Implementing innovative approaches to vascular access can be challenging in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU).

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to describe the implementation of extended dwell peripheral intravenous (EPIV) catheters, a vascular access device not widely used in the NICU. The implementation involved (1) designing clinical criteria for EPIV catheter use, (2) education of vascular access NICU nurses, and (3) comparing clinical outcomes between vascular access devices (ie, PIV and EPIV catheters).

Human milk pH is associated with fortification, postpartum day, and maternal dietary intake in preterm mother-infant dyads.

Objective: To compare pH of human milk types (mother's own milk (MOM), pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM), fortified MOM, and fortified PDHM) fed to preterm infants.

Study Design: This observational study consisted of 63 mother-infant dyads < 34 weeks gestation. Human milk samples (n = 245), along with maternal factors, were collected for pH analysis.

Elevated Intestinal Inflammation in Preterm Infants With Signs and Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Objectives: Reflux is common in infancy; however, persistent signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal distress are often attributed to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In this pilot study, we aimed to characterize associations between signs and symptoms of suspected GERD and noninvasive markers of intestinal inflammation in preterm infants.

Methods: We reviewed Electronic Medical Record (EMR) data to identify clinical signs and symptoms among case patients (n = 16).

Malaria education interventions addressing bed net care and repair practices: a systematic review.

Education intervention effectiveness to improve bed net care and repair knowledge or practices is unclear. To assess intervention effectiveness, we systematically reviewed eight peer-reviewed literature databases and 16 malaria organizations (PROSPERO protocol CRD42019123932) using pre-specified combinations of 'education intervention', 'mosquito net', and 'malaria' search terms. Data were abstracted for 29 of 43 studies meeting inclusion criteria, of which 16 studies included education as amain focus.

Early Life Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Relation to Adipokine Hormone Levels at Birth and During Childhood.

Background: Birth cohort studies have linked exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) with child anthropometry. Metabolic hormone dysregulation needs to be considered as a potential adverse outcome pathway. We examined the associations between PFAS exposures and concentrations of adipokine hormones from birth to adolescence.

Selenium and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review.

Several studies have investigated the potential role of selenium (Se) in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with disparate findings. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence of any association between Se and T2D. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Approach (PRISMA).