Theoretical Mediators of Diabetes Risk and Quality of Life Following a Diabetes Prevention Program for Latino Youth With Obesity.

Purpose: This study tested self-efficacy and social support for activity and dietary changes as mediators of changes in type 2 diabetes related outcomes following a lifestyle intervention among Latino youth.

Setting And Intervention: Latino adolescents (14-16 years) with obesity (BMI% = 98.1 ± 1.

Yields and costs of recruitment methods with participant phenotypic characteristics for a diabetes prevention research study in an underrepresented pediatric population.

Background/aims: Prediabetes and diabetes disproportionately impact Latino youth, yet few diabetes prevention programs have prioritized inclusion of this underrepresented population. This report describes the recruitment process, yields, associated costs, and phenotypic characteristics of Latino youth with obesity and prediabetes enrolled in a randomized controlled diabetes prevention study in the USA.

Methods: Recruitment efforts included referrals from clinics, community outlets, local media, and word of mouth with the goal of enrolling 120 Latino adolescents aged 12-16 with obesity (BMI > 95th percentile) and prediabetes.

Familism, Self-Esteem, and Weight-Specific Quality of Life Among Latinx Adolescents With Obesity.

Objective: Obesity is a critical public health condition affecting Latinx adolescents and contributes to health disparities across the lifespan. Childhood and adolescent obesity is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) and decreased self-esteem. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of cultural (e.

Sex as a moderator of body composition following a randomized controlled lifestyle intervention among Latino youth with obesity.

Background: Body composition differences between males and females emerge during adolescence and continue throughout adulthood; however, whether sex moderates body composition changes in adolescents with obesity after an intervention is unknown.

Objective: To examine sex as a moderator of changes in adiposity following lifestyle intervention.

Methods: A total of 136 Latino youth with obesity (BMI% 98.

Effects of a Community-Based Diabetes Prevention Program for Latino Youth with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study examined the short- and long-term effects of a community-based lifestyle intervention among Latino youth with obesity.

Methods: Latino adolescents (14-16 years old) were randomized to a 3-month lifestyle intervention (n = 67) or comparison control (n = 69) and followed for 12 months. The intervention included weekly nutrition and health classes delivered to groups of families and exercise sessions (3 days/week) delivered to groups of adolescents.

Decreased GlycA after lifestyle intervention among obese, prediabetic adolescent Latinos.

Background: Obese youth with prediabetes are at increased risk for premature morbidity and mortality through multiple mechanisms, including increased systemic inflammation. GlycA is a novel measure of systemic inflammation that predicts type II diabetes, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality in adults.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine changes in GlycA after lifestyle intervention among obese, prediabetic Latino youth.

Preventing diabetes in obese Latino youth with prediabetes: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Obese Latino adolescents are disproportionately impacted by insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes is an intermediate stage in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and represents a critical opportunity for intervention. However, to date, no diabetes prevention studies have been conducted in obese Latino youth with prediabetes, a highly vulnerable and underserved group.

Culturally-grounded diabetes prevention program for obese Latino youth: Rationale, design, and methods.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) disproportionately impacts Latino youth yet few diabetes prevention programs address this important source of health disparities.

Objectives: To address this knowledge gap, we describe the rationale, design, and methodology underpinning a culturally-grounded T2D prevention program for obese Latino youth. The study aims to: 1) to test the efficacy of the intervention for reducing T2D risk, 2) explore potential mediators and moderators of changes in health behaviors and health outcomes and, 3) examine the incremental cost-effectiveness for reducing T2D risk.

Diabetes Prevention for Latino Youth: Unraveling the Intervention "Black Box".

The translation of research findings into sustainable health promotion and disease prevention programs in community settings remains a challenge. This report describes the process of substantiating a community-developed diabetes prevention program for Latino youth through research. Included are design considerations, measurement strategies, and the context through which the project is culturally grounded for relevance and fit within a local community.

Use of the Stanford Brief Activity Survey for physical activity assessment in postpartum Latinas: a validation study of a linguistically translated Spanish version.

This study assessed the concurrent validity of the English and a linguistic Spanish translation of the Stanford Brief Activity Survey (SBAS) with pedometer-measured physical activity (PA) among postpartum Latinas. Latinas (n 97) completed the SBAS in either English (n 47) or Spanish (n 50) and wore pedometers 7 days at three different assessment periods. The English version demonstrated significant trends (p .

Addressing the demand for cultural relevance in intervention design.

This article describes the development of a model to promote physical activity in Hispanic women that embeds a life course perspective and culture to enhance comparative effectiveness in intervention design. When working with diverse cultural groups, researchers often struggle with intervention designs and strategies to enhance cultural relevance; they do so based on the assumption that this will enhance efficacy and make interventions more sustainable. In this article, the authors discuss how the model was used in two interventions designed for younger and older Hispanic women.

A randomized controlled trial of an office-based physical activity and physical fitness intervention for older adults.

This primary care-based study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of a 24-week intervention on physical activity and physical fitness in a group of community-dwelling older adults. Secondary aims were to determine the effect of the intervention on self-efficacy and barriers to physical activity. Intervention participants (n = 36) received an exercise prescription based on physical fitness test results and personal choice.

Effects of a culturally grounded community-based diabetes prevention program for obese Latino adolescents.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and preliminary effects of a culturally grounded, community-based diabetes prevention program among obese Latino adolescents.

Methods: Fifteen obese Latino adolescents (body mass index [BMI] percentile = 96.3 ± 1.

Camina por Salud: walking in Mexican-American women.

Forty-six percent of older Mexican-American women report that they do not engage in leisure time physical activity (PA); 38.1% of them are obese. This study (1) evaluated a PA intervention for coronary heart disease risk reduction and (2) determined which variables affect adherence to PA.

Factors related to overweight and risk for overweight status among low-income Hispanic children.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the agent, host, and environmental factors that are related to overweight status in a sample of low-income Hispanic toddlers who were enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in a large southwestern city in the United States. Among children at risk for overweight status, the mothers' body mass index (BMI) and the number of servings of fat in the children's daily diet were positively associated with their weight/height percentiles whereas servings of protein in the daily diet and the children's reporting of hunger were negatively associated with their weight/height percentiles. Among overweight children, age was positively associated with their weight/height percentiles.

Retention of minority participants in clinical research studies.

Recruitment of minority participants for clinical research studies has been the topic of several analytical works. Yet retention of participants, most notably minority and underserved populations, is less reported and understood, even though these populations have elevated health risks. This article describes two related, intervention-based formative research projects in which researchers used treatment theory to address issues of recruitment and retention of minority women participants in an exercise program to reduce obesity.

Comparison of two walking frequencies in African American postmenopausal women.

Despite the known benefits of exercise, 60% of African American women are sedentary. The efficacy and dose-response effects of low intensity exercise performed in community settings by overweight sedentary women have not been established. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two intensities of walking on level of exercise maintenance and on cardiovascular risk factors in sedentary, obese African American women.

Evaluation of Selected Behavior Change Theoretical Models Used in Weight Management Interventions.

Purpose: This paper evaluates selected behavior change theoretical models used in weight reduction interventions and presents recommendations for the use of theory in weight reduction research. Overweight and obesity are complex problems, requiring long-term behavioral change. Behavioral treatments for overweight and obesity are as varied as the elements of behavior, and the long-term efficacy of most approaches is poor.