A scoping review of safe mobility behaviour in fall prevention: implications for people with Parkinson's disease.

Purpose: Falls are a major concern for people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) due to associated motor and non-motor impairments. Promoting safe mobility behaviour may be an effective fall prevention intervention, however this concept is poorly articulated in the literature. The aim of this scoping review was to map out the definition and concepts of safe mobility behaviour to draw implications for PwPD.

A Mixed Methods Approach to Explore the Experience of Pain and Its Management in People with Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Pain in Parkinson's disease (PD) is common but poorly understood, with most research to date taking a mechanistic approach. This mixed methods study takes a broader biopsychosocial approach to assess and describe contributors of pain and explore pain management and the relationship between pain and physical activity in people with PD (PwPD) and chronic pain.

Methods: A structured survey evaluated respondents' contributors of pain using standardized, self-report assessments of the following: pain, peripheral neuropathy, central nociplastic change, emotional dysregulation or pathology, and maladaptive cognitions.

Psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Falls Behavioral Scale in people with Parkinson's disease.

Purpose: To verify the psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Falls Behavioral (FaB-Brazil) Scale in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Material And Methods: Participants ( = 96) were assessed by disease-specific, self-report and functional mobility measures. Internal consistency of the FaB-Brazil scale was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and inter-rater and test-retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

Utilising telehealth to support exercise and physical activity in people with Parkinson disease: a program evaluation using mixed methods.

Background: Physical activity and exercise play a key role in managing Parkinson disease. This study aimed to: 1) determine if physiotherapy supported by telehealth helped people with Parkinson disease (PwP) to adhere to a home-based exercise program and maintain their physical activity; and 2) understand their experiences of using telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A mixed methods program evaluation involving a retrospective file audit from a student-run physiotherapy clinic and semi-structured interviews exploring participants' experiences of telehealth.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Falls Behavioral (FaB-Brazil) Scale.

Purpose: To develop and cross-culturally adapt a Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Falls Behavioral Scale (FaB-Brazil) and to verify its psychometric properties.

Material And Methods: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation process of the scale followed standard guidelines. The FaB-Brazil scale was applied to 93 community-dwelling older people.

The Ziegler Test Is Reliable and Valid for Measuring Freezing of Gait in People With Parkinson Disease.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine interrater and test-retest reliability of the Ziegler test to measure freezing of gait (FOG) severity in people with Parkinson disease. Secondary aims were to evaluate test validity and explore Ziegler test duration as a proxy FOG severity measure.

Methods: Physical therapists watched 36 videos of people with Parkinson disease and FOG perform the Ziegler test and rated FOG severity using the rating scale in real time.

The effect of rehabilitation interventions on freezing of gait in people with Parkinson's disease is unclear: a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Purpose: To summarize the effects of rehabilitation interventions to reduce freezing of gait (FOG) in people with Parkinson's disease.

Methods: A systematic review with meta-analyses of randomized trials of rehabilitation interventions that reported a FOG outcome was conducted. Quality of included studies and certainty of FOG outcome were assessed using the PEDro scale and GRADE framework.

Interventions for preventing falls in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Most people with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience at least one fall during the course of their disease. Several interventions designed to reduce falls have been studied. An up-to-date synthesis of evidence for interventions to reduce falls in people with PD will assist with informed decisions regarding fall-prevention interventions for people with PD.

The barriers and facilitators to satisfaction with botulinum neurotoxin treatment in people with cervical dystonia: a systematic review.

Background: Cervical dystonia (CD) is an isolated, focal, idiopathic dystonia affecting the neck and upper back. CD is usually treated by botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections into the dystonic muscles; however, about 20% of people will discontinue BoNT therapy. This systematic review aimed to determine the barriers to satisfaction and facilitators that could improve satisfaction with BoNT therapy for people with CD.

Exercising with Parkinson's: The good, the bad and the need for support to keep exercising. A qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore the experiences of people with Parkinson's disease exercising and to determine if the location (home versus centre) or exercising in a group impacted on their experience.

Design: A qualitative study.

Participants: Community-dwelling people with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease who had undertaken a 10-week exercise intervention.

Acceptability and feasibility of an online physical activity program for women over 50: a pilot trial.

Regular physical activity benefits health across the lifespan. Women in middle-age often juggle carer and work responsibilities, are often inactive, and may benefit from tailored support to increase physical activity. Establish the acceptability, feasibility, and impact on physical activity of a scalable program for women 50+ years.

Promoting Physical Activity in Women Over 50: A Randomized Trial.

Purpose: This study aims to test the effect of an information and support intervention on physical activity (PA) in women aged 50+ years.

Design: Randomized wait-list controlled trial.

Setting: Sydney, Australia.

A Video Self-Modeling Intervention Using Virtual Reality Plus Physical Practice for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease: Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

Background: Despite optimal medical and surgical intervention, freezing of gait commonly occurs in people with Parkinson disease. Action observation via video self-modeling, combined with physical practice, has potential as a noninvasive intervention to reduce freezing of gait.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based, personalized video self-modeling intervention delivered via a virtual reality head-mounted display (HMD) to reduce freezing of gait in people with Parkinson disease.

How does perceived fall risk influence decisions about whether to undertake activities in people with Parkinson's disease and their care partners? A qualitative study.

Purpose: To explore how perceptions of fall risk influence decisions to undertake activities in people with Parkinson's disease who have fallen, along with their care-partners.

Materials And Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to collect data from eight people with moderate to severe Parkinson's Disease and freezing of gait (including those with cognitive impairments) and their care-partners. An inductive approach to thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

A Self-Reported Clinical Tool Predicts Falls in People with Parkinson's Disease.

Background: A 3-step clinical prediction tool including falling in the previous year, freezing of gait in the past month and self-selected gait speed <1.1 m/s has shown high accuracy in predicting falls in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). The accuracy of this tool when including only self-report measures is yet to be determined.

People with Parkinson's disease are more willing to do additional exercise if the exercise program has specific attributes: a discrete choice experiment.

Question: What specific attributes of exercise programs influence the preferences of people with Parkinson's disease for additional exercise compared with their current practice? What trade-offs are participants willing to make between exercise program attributes?

Design: Discrete choice experiment.

Participants: Five hundred and forty people with Parkinson's disease.

Intervention: Participants decided whether they would adopt a hypothetical program in addition to their current exercise routine.

Lockdown During COVID-19 and the Increase of Frailty in People With Neurological Conditions.

Governments around the globe have introduced quarantine, lockdown, and mandatory isolation to slow the transmission of COVID-19. These public health and policy measures aim to protect the public and vulnerable people. This perspective paper argues that the impacts of lockdown (such as social disconnection, reduced exercise, and fewer physiotherapy treatments) may be amplified for people with neurological conditions with subsequent increases in frailty.

Home-based exercise monitored with telehealth is feasible and acceptable compared to centre-based exercise in Parkinson's disease: A randomised pilot study.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based exercise program monitored using telehealth for people with Parkinson's disease.

Design: Pilot randomised control trial.

Setting: University physiotherapy clinic, participants' homes.

Sensorimotor, Cognitive, and Affective Functions Contribute to the Prediction of Falls in Old Age and Neurologic Disorders: An Observational Study.

Objective: To determine whether impairments across cognitive and affective domains provide additional information to sensorimotor deficits for fall prediction among various populations.

Design: We pooled data from 5 studies for this observational analysis of prospective falls.

Setting: Community or low-level care facility.

The accuracy of self-report logbooks of adherence to prescribed home-based exercise in Parkinson's disease.

Purpose: This study compared self-report logbooks of exercise performance to objective measures of performance to determine the accuracy of and patterns of misreporting in self-report logbooks in people with Parkinson's disease.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen participants from the intervention arm of a randomized control trial were prescribed a minimally supervised, 12-week, home-based upper limb exergame program (ACTRN 12614001048673). The exergame system provided an objective electronic measure of adherence for comparison with self-report logbooks.

online information and support to promote physical activity behaviour change: study protocol for a pilot trial.

Background: Physical activity has many physical and mental health benefits and can delay the development of disability in older age. However, uptake of this health behaviour is sub-optimal in women in their middle and older age. This trial aims to establish the acceptability and feasibility of the programme involving online information, telephone health coaching and email or SMS support to promote physical activity behaviour change among women aged 50 years and over.

Virtual reality in research and rehabilitation of gait and balance in Parkinson disease.

Virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising tool for studying and rehabilitating gait and balance impairments in people with Parkinson disease (PD) as it allows users to be engaged in an enriched and highly individualized complex environment. This Review examines the rationale and evidence for using VR in the assessment and rehabilitation of people with PD, makes recommendations for future research and discusses the use of VR in the clinic. In the assessment of people with PD, VR has been used to manipulate environments to enhance study of the behavioural and neural underpinnings of gait and balance, improving understanding of the motor-cognitive neural circuitry involved.

The Associations Between Physical Activity, Sleep, and Mood with Pain in People with Parkinson's Disease: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Pain is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). In general and chronic pain populations, physical inactivity, poor sleep, and anxiety are associated with worse pain. However, little is known about these potential predictors of pain in PD.

Relationship between lower limb coordination and walking speed after stroke: an observational study.

Background: Although lower limb muscle strength is associated with walking performance in people after stroke, even when there is good strength, walking speed may remain slower than normal, perhaps due to incoordination.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between walking speed and lower limb coordination in people with good strength after stroke.

Methods: An observational study was conducted with 30 people with stroke and 30 age-matched controls.

Feasibility of the PHYZ X 2U program: a mobile and cloud-based outreach service to improve chronic disease outcomes in underserviced rural communities.

Chronic disease is prevalent in rural communities, but access to health care is limited. Allied health intervention, incorporating behaviour change and exercise, may improve health outcomes. PHYZ X 2U is a new service delivery model incorporating face-to-face consultations via a mobile clinic and remote health coaching, delivered by physiotherapy and exercise physiology clinicians and university students on clinical placement, to provide exercise programs to people living with chronic disease in rural New South Wales, Australia.