Mortality and cancer incidence among tire manufacturing workers hired in or after 1962.

Objective: This study evaluated mortality during 1962 through 2003 and cancer incidence during 1995 through 2003 at a tire manufacturing plant.

Methods: The mortality study included 3425 men and women, employed for at least one year. Of these, 3069 were eligible for the cancer incidence study.

TCDD exposure-response analysis and risk assessment.

We examined the relation between cancer mortality and time-dependent cumulative exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) estimated from a concentration- and age-dependent kinetic model of elimination, and we estimated incremental cancer risks at age 75. Data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health study of 3,538 workers with occupational exposure to TCDD were analyzed using standardized mortality ratios and Cox regression procedures. Analyses adjusted for potential confounding by age, year of birth, and race and considered exposure lag periods of 0, 10, or 15 years.

Need to educate primary caregivers about the risk factor profile of smokeless tobacco users.

Background: Many cancer risk factors are correlated with one another, and the presence of 1 risk factor may be a marker for other unhealthy behaviors. In this article, we focus on smokeless tobacco (ST), a known risk factor for oral leukoplakia and oral cancer, and the cancer risk factors associated with its use.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I and the 1982-1984 NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study.

Exposure reconstruction for the TCDD-exposed NIOSH cohort using a concentration- and age-dependent model of elimination.

Recent studies demonstrating a concentration dependence of elimination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) suggest that previous estimates of exposure for occupationally exposed cohorts may have underestimated actual exposure, resulting in a potential overestimate of the carcinogenic potency of TCDD in humans based on the mortality data for these cohorts. Using a database on U.S.

Mortality among semiconductor and storage device-manufacturing workers.

Problem: We evaluated mortality during 1965 to 1999 among 126,836 workers at two semiconductor facilities and one storage device facility.

Method: We compared employees' cause-specific mortality rates with general population rates and examined mortality patterns by facility, duration of employment, time since first employment, and work activity.

Results: Employees had lower-than-expected mortality overall (6579 observed deaths, standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 65; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 64-67), for all cancers combined (2159 observed, SMR = 78, 95% CI = 75-81) and for other major diseases.

Cancer incidence among a cohort of smokeless tobacco users (United States).

Objective: Smokeless tobacco (ST) use remains a prevalent form of tobacco use among certain US populations. The purpose of this paper is to clarify its role in cancer development.

Methods: Using data from a prospective cohort of the US population, we categorized 6,779 subjects 45-75 years of age as ST users or non-ST users.

Methodologic issues in follow-up studies of cancer incidence among occupational groups in the United States.

Purpose: Incidence studies of occupational factors and cancer in the United States are problematic because the use of population-based registries to identify cases requires development of historical data on subjects' residences and often severely restricts the time period of follow up. This article describes procedures for addressing these challenges.

Methods: We used data from studies of cancer incidence and mortality among microelectronics industry employees to assess various methods for developing residential histories and the relative informativeness of the two studies.

Chronic disease mortality in a cohort of smokeless tobacco users.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the relation between smokeless tobacco use and the risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Using data from the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Followup Study, the authors assessed the 20-year mortality experience of smokeless tobacco users. Subjects aged 45 years or more at baseline (1971-1975) were categorized as either smokeless tobacco users (n = 1,068) or non-smokeless tobacco users (n = 5,737).

Mortality among workers at a talc mining and milling facility.

Background: This study evaluated mortality among workers at a talc mining and milling facility.

Methods: Subjects were white men actively employed between 1948 and 1989 and known to have been alive in or after 1950. Analyses assessed cancer mortality during the period 1950-89 (809 subjects) and non-cancer mortality during 1960-89 (782 subjects).