Change in liking following reduction in sweetness level of carbonated beverages: a randomized controlled parallel trial.

Despite recommendations to reduce sweet-tasting foods and beverage consumption, there is limited understanding of our ability to adapt to a less sweet diet and the optimal method for doing so. Thus, we conducted two parallel, double-blind, randomized controlled trials in the USA and Mexico to investigate whether different methods of reducing sweetness could change sweetness preferences. Over 6 months, habitual consumers of full-sugar sweetened (FSS-CSD) or low-calorie sweetened carbonated soft drinks (LCS-CSD) consumed a full sweetness CSD (Control), CSD with gradually decreasing sweetness levels (StepR), and a reduced sweetness test CSD (DirR).

Workshop summary: building an NHANES for the future.

The American Society for Nutrition's (ASN) Committee on Advocacy and Science Policy (CASP) organized a workshop, "Building a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the Future," held during NUTRITION 2023, which took place in Boston, MA in July 2023. CASP had already identified an urgent need for increased support and modernization to ensure that a secure future for NHANES is achievable. The survey faces challenges associated with data collection, stagnant funding, and a need for more granular data for subpopulations and groups at risk.

UK Chickpea Consumption Doubled from 2008/09-2018/19.

Only 9% of individuals in the United Kingdom (UK) meet the recommendation for dietary fibre intake. Little is known about chickpea consumption in the UK. Chickpea intake trends and sociodemographic patterns were analysed using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme data collected from 2008/09 to 2018/19 among 15,655 individuals ≥1.

South African Consumers' Knowledge, Opinions and Awareness of Whole Grains and Their Health Benefits: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey.

Evidence indicates that whole-grain food consumption reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes, and some cancers. Increasing whole-grain consumption in developing countries is likely to significantly benefit the health of the population. However, there is very limited information on consumer whole-grain knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in developing countries.

Trends and Patterns of Chickpea Consumption among United States Adults: Analyses of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data.

Background: Chickpeas are an affordable and nutrient-dense legume, but there is limited United States data on consumption patterns and the relationship between chickpea consumption and dietary intakes.

Objectives: This study examined trends and sociodemographic patterns among chickpea consumers and the relationship between chickpea consumption and dietary intake.

Methods: Adults consuming chickpeas or chickpea-containing foods on 1 or both of the 24-h dietary recalls were categorized as chickpea consumers.

Vitamin D status of the Russian adult population from 2013 to 2018.

Vitamin D deficiency is widespread globally, however available data for the Russian adult population is fragmented. This cross-sectional study used secondary data for individuals undergoing testing for vitamin D concentrations from 2013 to 2018 by InVitro laboratory. 25(OH)D serum concentration was determined using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay.

Potential for Front of Pack Labeling Exposure to Impact US Dietary Choices: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study Using NHANES 2017-2018.

In recent years, front-of-pack nutrition labeling (FOPL) schemes have proliferated, but the components of the diet subject to FOPL have not been described. This study quantified the proportion and elements of the diet that would be subject to FOPL in the US. The 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( = 7121; age ≥2 year) 24-h dietary recalls were used to identify foods/beverages subject to FOPL.

Balanced Hybrid Nutrient Density Score Compared to Nutri-Score and Health Star Rating Using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Analyses.

Background: Nutrient profiling (NP) models that are used to assess the nutrient density of foods can be based on a combination of key nutrients and desirable food groups.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of a new balanced hybrid nutrient density score (bHNDS) to Nutri-Score and Health Star Rating (HSR) front-of-pack systems using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. The diet-level bHNDS was first validated against Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) using data from the 2017-18 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-18 NHANES).

Corrigendum: Estimated Sweetness in US Diet Among Children and Adults Declined From 2001 to 2018: A Serial Cross-Sectional Surveillance Study Using NHANES 2001-2018.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.

The association between social needs and chronic conditions in a large, urban primary care population.

There is consensus that social needs influence health outcomes, but less is known about the relationships between certain needs and chronic health conditions in large, diverse populations. This study sought to understand the association between social needs and specific chronic conditions using social needs screening and clinical data from Electronic Health Records. Between April 2018-December 2019, 33,550 adult (≥18y) patients completed a 10-item social needs screener during primary care visits in Bronx and Westchester counties, NY.

Impact of sociodemographic factors on the consumption of tubers in Brazil.

Background: Although tubers play a significant role in Brazilian agriculture, very little is known about the intake of tubers among the Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to characterize the intake of tubers across Brazil. The types of tubers consumed were quantified, and the impact of geographic and sociodemographic factors was assessed.

Trends in Vitamin C Consumption in the United States: 1999-2018.

Low intakes of fruits and vegetables have resulted in suboptimal intakes of several micronutrients, including vitamin C. This cross-sectional study used data from 84,902 children/adults (≥1 y) who completed a 24-h dietary recall as part of the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018). Mean vitamin C intakes from foods/beverages were calculated as were trends in major food/beverage sources of vitamin C.

Opposing Consumption Trends for Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Plain Drinking Water: Analyses of NHANES 2011-16 Data.

Choosing water in place of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) can reduce added sugars while maintaining adequate hydration. The present goal was to examine 2011-16 time trends in SSB vs. water consumption across US population subgroups.

Chronic pediatric health conditions among youth living in public housing and receiving care in a large hospital system in Bronx, NY.

This study compared the prevalence of chronic pediatric health conditions for youth in public housing with youth not in public housing using clinical electronic health record (EHR) and housing data. Youth (ages 2-17 years) in a large urban health system were identified and categorized into two housing types-public housing (n = 10 770) and not in public housing (n = 84 883) by age (young childhood, middle childhood, young adolescence). The prevalence of some pediatric conditions was higher in public housing but varied by age.

Coffee Consumption among Adults in the United States by Demographic Variables and Purchase Location: Analyses of NHANES 2011-2016 Data.

Coffee, obtained from various sources, is consumed by most United States adults. The present analyses of one and two 24-h dietary recalls for 14,865 persons aged ≥20 years in the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2016) aimed to identify socio-demographic predictors of coffee consumption and to examine whether coffee purchase locations differed by population sub-group. Given the emphasis on food and beverage consumption patterns, the relation between coffee consumption and compliance with the Dietary Guidelines of Americans was also examined.

Unmet Social Needs and No-Show Visits in Primary Care in a US Northeastern Urban Health System, 2018-2019.

To characterize the association between social needs prevalence and no-show proportion and variation in these associations among specific social needs. In this study, we used results from a 10-item social needs screener conducted across 19 primary care practices in a large urban health system in Bronx County, New York, between April 2018 and July 2019. We estimated the association between unmet needs and 2-year history of missed appointments from 41 637 patients by using negative binomial regression models.

Consumption of 100% Orange Juice in Relation to Flavonoid Intakes and Diet Quality Among US Children and Adults: Analyses of NHANES 2013-16 Data.

This study explored consumption patterns of 100% orange juice by socio-demographics among US children and adults. Dietary intakes data for 15,983 persons aged >2 y came from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2013-2016). The What We Eat in America nutrient composition database was merged with the USDA Expanded Flavonoid Database to assess flavonoid intakes.

Flavonoid Intakes in the US Diet Are Linked to Higher Socioeconomic Status and to Tea Consumption: Analyses of NHANES 2011-16 Data.

Background: Many of the health benefits of tea have been attributed to its flavonoid content. Tea consumption in US adults varies by socioeconomic status (SES).

Objectives: The present objective was to explore intakes of total flavonoids and flavonoid subclasses by participant sociodemographics and by patterns of tea consumption.

A comparison of different practical indices for assessing carbohydrate quality among carbohydrate-rich processed products in the US.

Healthier carbohydrate (carb)-rich foods are essential for health, but practical, validated indices for their identification are not established. We compared four pragmatic metrics, based on, per 10g of carb:(a) ≥1g fiber (10:1 carb:fiber), (b) ≥1g fiber and <1g free sugars (10:1:1 carb:fiber:free sugars), (c) ≥1g fiber and <2g free sugars (10:1:2 carb:fiber:free sugars); and (d) ≥1g fiber and, per each 1 g of fiber, <2g free sugars (10:1 carb:fiber, 1:2 fiber:free sugars; or 10:1|1:2). Using 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey /Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies, we assessed, overall and for 12 food categories, whether each metric discriminated carb-rich products higher or lower (per 100g) in calories, total fat, saturated fat, protein, sugar, fiber, sodium, potassium, magnesium, folate, and 8 vitamins/minerals.

Trends in Diet Quality Among Youth in the United States, 1999-2016.

Importance: Prior studies of dietary trends among US youth have evaluated major macronutrients or only a few foods or have used older data.

Objective: To characterize trends in diet quality among US youth.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Serial cross-sectional investigation using 24-hour dietary recalls from youth aged 2 to 19 years from 9 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (1999-2016).

Social Risks Among Primary Care Patients in a Large Urban Health System.

Introduction: Health systems are increasingly interested in addressing the social determinants of health via social risk screening. The objective of this study is to understand the variability in the number and types of social risks overall and in population subgroups among primary care patients routinely screened in a large urban health system.

Methods: Between April and December 2018, a total of 24,633 primary care patients completed a 10-item screener across 19 ambulatory sites within a health system in the Bronx, NY.

Integrating Social Needs Screening and Community Health Workers in Primary Care: The Community Linkage to Care Program.

Clinic-based social needs screening has been associated with increased access to social services and improved health outcomes. Using a pragmatic study design in an urban pediatric practice, we used logistic regression to identify factors associated with successful social service uptake. From December 2017 to November 2018, 4948 households were screened for social needs, and 20% self-reported at least one.

Trends in tap and bottled water consumption among children and adults in the United States: analyses of NHANES 2011-16 data.

Background: Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-20 recommend choosing water in place of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). This study examined water consumption patterns and trends among children and adults in the US.

Methods: Dietary intake data for 7453 children (4-18y) and 15,263 adults (>19y) came from two 24 h dietary recalls in three cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2016).

Quality of Meals Consumed by US Adults at Full-Service and Fast-Food Restaurants, 2003-2016: Persistent Low Quality and Widening Disparities.

Background: Meals from full-service restaurants (FS) and fast-food restaurants (FF) are an integral part of US diets, but current levels and trends in consumption, healthfulness, and related sociodemographic disparities are not well characterized.

Objectives: We aimed to assess patterns and nutritional quality (using validated American Heart Association [AHA] diet scores) of FS and FF meals consumed by US adults.

Methods: Serial cross-sectional investigation utilizing 24-h dietary recalls in survey-weighted, nationally representative samples of 35,015 adults aged ≥20 y from 7 NHANES cycles, 2003-2016.