Extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis in children with sickle cell disease - Which transducer, what measurement?

Background: Transcranial Doppler ultrasound is used to screen and assess the intracranial arteries of children with sickle cell disease. Recent findings suggest that extracranial internal carotid artery (eICA) stenosis is also a contributing factor to silent cerebral infarction. Stenosis has been measured using phased array transducers with no beam/flow angle correction and linear arrays with angle correction.

Extracranial internal carotid arterial disease in children with sickle cell anemia.

Background: Sickle cell anemia is one of the commonest causes of stroke in children. It is usually, but not always, associated with intracranial vasculopathy. We have assessed the value of ultrasound screening for extracranial internal carotid artery disease.

A simple index using age, hemoglobin, and aspartate transaminase predicts increased intracerebral blood velocity as measured by transcranial Doppler scanning in children with sickle cell anemia.

Objective: Increased intracerebral blood velocity measured by transcranial Doppler scanning identifies children with sickle cell anemia who are at increased risk of stroke. We have tried to develop an index based on routine clinical measurements that also predicts increased intracerebral blood flow.

Method: Routinely collected clinical and laboratory data were correlated with transcranial Doppler measurements on children with sickle cell anemia seen in a single institution in 2006.

Transcranial Doppler scanning and the assessment of stroke risk in children with HbSC [corrected] disease.

Objective: To assess the role of transcranial Doppler (TCD) scanning in assessing the risk of stroke in children with haemoglobin SC (HbSC) disease. TCD scanning has an established role in primary stroke prevention in sickle cell anaemia but its value in HbSC is unknown.

Design: A retrospective audit of routinely performed TCD scans and routinely collected clinical data.