Conserved allomorphs of MR1 drive the specificity of MR1-restricted TCRs.

Background: Major histocompatibility complex class-1-related protein (MR1), unlike human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-1, was until recently considered to be monomorphic. MR1 presents metabolites in the context of host responses to bacterial infection. MR1-restricted TCRs specific to tumor cells have been described, raising interest in their potential therapeutic application for cancer treatment.

Examining disparities in large-scale patient-reported data capture using digital tools among cancer patients at clinical intake.

Background: Patient-reported data can improve quality of healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. Moffitt Cancer Center ("Moffitt") administers the Electronic Patient Questionnaire (EPQ) to collect data on demographics, including sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI), medical history, cancer risk factors, and quality of life. Here we investigated differences in EPQ completion by demographic and cancer characteristics.

Implementing Digital Scribes to Reduce Electronic Health Record Documentation Burden Among Cancer Care Clinicians: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.

Purpose: To address shortcomings of human scribes (eg, turnover), clinicians are considering digital scribes (DSs). To our knowledge, to date, no study has assessed DS implementation or clinician user experience in cancer centers. We assessed the DS's feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness, usability and its preliminary association on clinician well-being in a cancer center.

Are we there yet? Management baselines and biodiversity indicators for the protection and restoration of subtidal bivalve shellfish habitats.

Biodiversity loss and degradation of natural habitats is increasing at an unprecedented rate. Of all marine habitats, biogenic reefs created by once-widespread shellfish, are now one of the most imperilled, and globally scarce. Conservation managers seek to protect and restore these habitats, but suitable baselines and indicators are required, and detailed scientific accounts are rare and inconsistent.

Benign goiters requiring thyroidectomy as the signal for PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome diagnosis.

PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is a rare genetic cancer and tumor predisposition syndrome. Due to the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and variable age at onset, the pathways leading to a PHTS diagnosis are difficult and highly variable. Many patients were found to have PHTS after a cancer diagnosis, missing the opportunity of prevention or enhanced cancer screening.

GeneHome - a Novel Model to Deliver Care to Individuals with Genetic Predisposition to Cancer.

Genetic testing for hereditary cancer predisposition is more widely available, resulting in more patients being identified as carriers of pathogenic variants (PV) of cancer susceptibility genes. PV carriers may be at high risk for multiple cancers of different organ systems. Traditional high-risk cancer screening is often organ specific and conducted separately by specialists.

Grouping Hypotheses and an Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment of Nanomaterials Following Oral Ingestion.

The risk assessment of ingested nanomaterials (NMs) is an important issue. Here we present nine integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATAs) to group ingested NMs following predefined hypotheses. The IATAs are structured as decision trees and tiered testing strategies for each decision node to support a grouping decision.

Identification of Predictive Factors for Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Prospective Australian Breast Device Registry.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are an important tool for evaluating outcomes following breast device procedures and are used by breast device registries. PROMs can assist with device monitoring through benchmarked outcomes but need to account for demographic and clinical factors that may affect PROM responses.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop appropriate risk-adjustment models for the benchmarking of PROM data to accurately track device outcomes and identify outliers in an equitable manner.

Nanomedicines and microneedles: a guide to their analysis and application.

The fast-advancing progress in the research of nanomedicine and microneedle applications in the past two decades has suggested that the combination of the two concepts could help to overcome some of the challenges we are facing in healthcare. They include poor patient compliance with medication and the lack of appropriate administration forms that enable the optimal dose to reach the target site. Nanoparticles as drug vesicles can protect their cargo and deliver it to the target site, while evading the body's defence mechanisms.

Using Log Data to Measure Provider EHR Activity at a Cancer Center during Rapid Telemedicine Deployment.

Objectives: Accurate metrics of provider activity within the electronic health record (EHR) are critical to understand workflow efficiency and target optimization initiatives. We utilized newly described, log-based core metrics at a tertiary cancer center during rapid escalation of telemedicine secondary to initial coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) peak onset of social distancing restrictions at our medical center (COVID-19 peak). These metrics evaluate the impact on total EHR time, work outside of work, time on documentation, time on prescriptions, inbox time, teamwork for orders, and undivided attention patients receive during an encounter.

Breast Device Surgery in Australia: Early Results from the Australian Breast Device Registry.

Background: The Australian Breast Device Registry (ABDR) is a clinical quality registry designed to monitor the performance of breast devices; and the quality and safety of breast device surgery.

Objective: To report on breast device surgery characteristics across Australia.

Methods: Participants were registered patients in the ABDR from 2012 to 2018.

The right place at the right time: Improving the odds of biogenic reef restoration.

Habitat restoration is an international priority. With this demand there is a need for ecological knowledge to underpin restoration projects to ensure their success and cost-effective delivery. This study is the first temperate marine restoration project to examine the role seasonality and location may have on restoration projects.

Lessons Learned in Implementing Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in the Australian Breast Device Registry (ABDR).

Background: The Australian Breast Device Registry (ABDR) is a clinical quality registry which utilizes both surgical data and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to understand device performance. The ABDR is the first national breast device registry utilizing the BREAST-Q Implant Surveillance module to conduct PROMs via text messaging as the primary method of contact for most patients. ABDR PROMs are structured upon a successful acceptability and feasibility study and a pilot study.

Fiber type composition of contiguous palmaris longus and abductor pollicis brevis muscles: Morphological evidence of a functional synergy.

The palmaris longus (PL) tendon is used in surgical opponensplasty to restore functional hand movements in thenar paralysis. Although successful PL autologous tendon transfer has been attributed to an established synergistic relationship between the PL and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles in vivo, this functional relationship may be dependent on the quality of their spatial relationship and properties of their constituent muscle fibers. The purpose was to compare the proportion of type I and type II muscle fibers in the APB based on its contiguous morphological relationship with the PL tendon for indirect insight into their functional synergy, contractile capacity, and digastric arrangement.

Toward International Harmonization of Breast Implant Registries: International Collaboration of Breast Registry Activities Global Common Data Set.

Background: The Poly Implant Prothèse incident and breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma have pointed to the need for uniform registries for breast implants as key features to monitoring the outcomes of breast implant surgeries internationally. The purpose of this study was to identify and harmonize common data elements collected by breast implant registries across the International Collaboration of Breast Registry Activities (ICOBRA) global consortium.

Methods: The authors convened an international group of surgeons, consumers, nurses, registry experts, and regulators to review the data points.

congenital predisposition to Wilms' tumor: novel mutations and presentation in a sibling pair.

Wilms' tumor is the most common renal malignancy in children. In addition to staging, molecular risk stratification, such as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in Chromosomes 1 and 16, is being increasingly used. Although genetic predisposition syndromes have been well-characterized in some Wilms' tumors, recent sequencing and biology efforts are expanding the classification of this malignancy.

Establishing the acceptability of a brief patient reported outcome measure and feasibility of implementing it in a breast device registry - a qualitative study.

Background: To examine the acceptability of a Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) that assesses perceptions and experiences of implants for breast reconstruction or augmentation, and the feasibility of implementing it in the Australian Breast Device Registry (ABDR).

Methods: The BREAST-Q Implant Surveillance (BREAST-Q IS) is a 5-question PROM derived from the BREAST-Q questionnaire. It assesses perceptions of breast appearance and sensation, and experiences of pain.

Defining Quality Indicators for Breast Device Surgery: Using Registries for Global Benchmarking.

Unlabelled: Breast device registries monitor devices encompassing breast implants, tissue expanders and dermal matrices, and the quality of care and patient outcomes for breast device surgery. Defining a standard set of quality indicators and risk adjustment factors will enable consistency and adjustment for case-mix in benchmarking quality of care across breast implant registries. This study aimed to develop a set of quality indicators to enable assessment and reporting of quality of care for breast device surgery which can be applied globally.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with high mutation burden presenting in a child with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency.

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome should be considered in children with acute leukemia and characteristic skin lesions. The high mutation burden of CMMRD-related cancers contributes to treatment resistance, necessitating individualized treatment strategies.

Polycarboxylated Dextran as a Multivalent Linker: Synthesis and Target Recognition of the Antibody-Nanoparticle Bioconjugates in PBS and Serum.

Nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with antibodies on their surface are used in a wide range of research applications. However, the bioconjugation chemistry between the antibodies and the surface of nanoparticles can be very challenging, often accompanied by several undesired effects such as nanoparticle aggregation, antibody denaturation, or poor target recognition of the surface-bound antibodies. Here, we report on a synthesis of fluorescent silica nanoparticle-antibody (NP-Ab) conjugates, in which polycarboxylated dextran is used as the multivalent linker.