Perineal urethrostomy in male dogs - Technique description, short- and long-term results.

The perineal urethrostomy (PU) technique has only been vaguely described in the dog. Additionally, details of short- and long-term postoperative complications are not well documented. The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed description of PU in male dogs and describe the post-operative course.

A comparison of outcomes between laparoscopic and open adrenalectomies in dogs.

Objective: To compare short- and long-term outcomes of dogs with adrenal tumors treated by adrenalectomy with laparoscopy or laparotomy.

Study Design: Retrospective study of dogs that underwent adrenalectomy with laparoscopy or laparotomy.

Sample Population: Fourteen dogs treated with laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) and twenty-six dogs treated with open midline adrenalectomy (OA).

Norwich terriers possess a greater vertebral heart scale than the canine reference value.

Previous studies have demonstrated evidence that normal reference ranges for radiographic vertebral heart scale values can vary among dog breeds. The purpose of this retrospective, observational study was to determine whether the normal vertebral heart scale values published by Buchanan and Bücheler for lateral radiographs are applicable to the Norwich terrier. Secondary objectives were to determine if clinical signs of respiratory disease, age, sex, weight, body condition score, recumbency, or thoracic depth-to-width ratio had any influence on vertebral heart scale measurements in this breed.

Sublethal effects of a chlorinated and heated effluent on the physiology of the mussel, Mytilus edulis L.: a reduction in fitness for survival?

Coastal power stations entrain large volumes of cooling water, requiring biocidal treatment to prevent biological fouling. Discharged effluent is both heated and contaminated with residual traces of biocide and so it is necessary to quantify the impacts of this discharge. Cooling water from Heysham 2 nuclear power station, NW England, UK, is discharged to the intertidal area, via a culvert (to minimise erosion and maximise dilution and dispersion by directing the effluent into the receiving water at all states of the tide) within which the effluent is contained at low water.

The effects of biological fouling control at coastal and estuarine power stations.

The use of low levels of oxidants as antifouling agents in coastal and estuarine power station cooling water circuits can give rise to concerns over the likely production of chlorination byproducts (CBPs) including organohalogens, of largely cryptic identity, loading and impact. In order to review the current understanding of the degree of impact involved this paper describes a recent collaborative programme of work on CBPs within the wider context of a number of allied studies on power station cooling water entrainment and discharge effects. Bromoform was the single most important CBP found in coastal power station effluents.