An analysis of factors that influence patient preference of third-line therapy for overactive bladder.

Objective: Patients with overactive bladder (OAB) refractory to first- and second-line therapy may pursue third-line therapies, including intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin-A (BTX), peripheral tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS), and sacral neuromodulation (SNM). The factors that influence patient preference for each treatment modality have not yet been explored. This study sought to investigate the specific parameters that patients consider in choosing a third-line therapy for OAB.

Disc Degeneration in Unfused Caudal Motion Segments Ten Years Following Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Hypothesis: The frequency of disc degeneration (DD) in the distal mobile segments will increase over time following surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Design: Retrospective review of a prospective AIS registry.

Introduction: Durability of surgical outcomes is essential for maintenance of quality of life as well as for family decision making and for assessment of the value of a healthcare intervention.