Prediction of implantable pulse generator longevity in deep brain stimulation: limitations and possible solutions in clinical practice.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used in the treatment of movement disorders, chronic pain and certain neuropsychiatric conditions. Its effect is achieved through local stimulation of specific targets of the brain. Electrical pulses are delivered at settings that can be tailored to provide optimum symptom control.

Comparing an IPM pilot program to a traditional cover spray program in commercial landscapes.

An integrated pest management (IPM) pilot program for landscape plants was implemented during 1997 and 1998 on two commercial, two residential, and one institutional property managed by landscape professionals. When compared with preprogram, calendar-based cover spray program costs at these sites in 1996, the IPM program was cost-effective at one of the five sites in both 1997 and 1998, and cost effective at a second additional site in 1998 when the cooperator, initially skeptical of IPM, discontinued calendar-based cover sprays performed in 1996 and 1997. The mean cost per site was $703.