Case report: Atypical young case of MV1 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with unusually long survival.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, fatal, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease resulting from an accumulation of misfolded prion proteins (PrP). CJD affects 1-2 new individuals per million each year, and the sporadic type accounts for 90% of those cases. Though the median age at onset and disease duration vary depending on the subtype of sporadic CJD (sCJD), the disease typically affects middle-aged to elderly individuals with a median survival of 4-6 months.

Applications of mixed reality with medical imaging for training and clinical practice.

Purpose: This review summarizes the current use of extended reality (XR) including virtual reality (VR), mixed reality, and augmented reality (AR) in the medical field, ranging from medical imaging to training to preoperative planning. It covers the integration of these technologies into clinical practice and within medical training while discussing the challenges and future opportunities in this sphere. This will hopefully encourage more physicians to collaborate on integrating medicine and technology.

A worldwide look into long COVID-19 management: an END-COVID survey.

Background: Long COVID is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome characterised by a variety of reported symptoms and signs. Its clinical management is expected to differ significantly worldwide.

Methods: A survey-based study investigating long COVID-related standard operating procedures (SOPs) has been conducted by the European Respiratory Society (ERS) END-COVID clinical research collaboration with the support of other international societies (ALAT, APSR, CHEST, ESCMID and PATS).

Novel repurposing of sulfasalazine for the treatment of adrenocortical carcinomas, probably through the SLC7A11/xCT-hsa-miR-92a-3p-OIP5-AS1 network pathway.

Background: Recent multigenomic analysis of adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) identified SLC7A11/xCT as a novel biomarker. The Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-inflammatory drug, sulfasalazine (SAS), induces ferroptosis by blocking SLC7A11 expression. We hypothesize that SAS could be repurposed to target ACC cells.

Corneal Epithelial Hyperplasia Related to Chronic Eye Rubbing Mimicking Keratoconus.

We report a case of corneal epithelial hyperplasia associated with chronic eye rubbing mimicking keratoconus. A 32-year-old man was presented with a 3-year history of suboptimal vision and astigmatism in his left eye. His history was significant for chronic left eye rubbing.

Optimizing IOL Calculators with Deep Learning Prediction of Total Corneal Astigmatism.

: This study aims to identify the most accurate regression model for predicting total corneal astigmatism (TCA) from anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA) and to fine-tune the best model's architecture to further optimize predictive accuracy. : A retrospective review of 19,468 eyes screened for refractive surgery was conducted using electronic medical records. Corneal topography data were acquired using the Pentacam HR.

Within-hospital Temporal Clustering of Postoperative Complications and Implications for Safety Monitoring and Benchmarking Using ACS-NSQIP Data.

Objective: To determine the extent to which within-hospital temporal clustering of postoperative complications is observed in the American College of Surgeons, National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP).

Background: ACS-NSQIP relies on periodic and on-demand reports for quality benchmarking. However, if rapid increases in postoperative complication rates (clusters) are common, other reporting methods might be valuable additions to the program.

The incidence and decompression rates of median and ulnar neuropathies following shoulder surgery.

Background: Upper extremity peripheral neuropathy is a known, but uncommon complication that can occur after shoulder surgery. The incidence rate is well documented, and most of these cases historically have been treated conservatively. However, we hypothesize peripheral compression neuropathy requires a much higher need for surgical decompression than originally reported.

Sexually dimorphic computational histopathological signatures prognostic of overall survival in high-grade gliomas via deep learning.

High-grade glioma (HGG) is an aggressive brain tumor. Sex is an important factor that differentially affects survival outcomes in HGG. We used an end-to-end deep learning approach on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) scans to (i) identify sex-specific histopathological attributes of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and (ii) create sex-specific risk profiles to prognosticate overall survival.

The Investigation of Hsp90C-Terminal Inhibitors Containing Amide Bioisosteres.

Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) is responsible for the proper folding and maturation of ~400 client protein substrates, many of which are directly associated with the ten hallmarks of cancer. Hsp90 is a great target for cancer therapy including melanoma, since Hsp90 inhibition can disrupt multiple oncogenic pathways simultaneously. In this study, we report the synthesis and anti-proliferative activity manifested by a series of Hsp90 C-terminal inhibitors against mutant BRAF and wild-type BRAF melanoma cells.

Recalcitrant Lateral Epicondylitis: A Systematic Review on Current Nonoperative and Operative Treatment Modalities.

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a common cause of elbow pain that is generally self-limiting. For patients who have persistent symptoms refractory to conservative treatment, there is still no clear consensus on the most favorable treatment modality. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the available literature regarding both nonoperative and operative treatment modalities for recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis (RLE) to provide insight into the efficacy of treatment options.

Neuropathologically directed profiling of PRNP somatic and germline variants in sporadic human prion disease.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), the most common human prion disease, is associated with pathologic misfolding of the prion protein (PrP), encoded by the PRNP gene. Of human prion disease cases, < 1% were transmitted by misfolded PrP, ~ 15% are inherited, and ~ 85% are sporadic (sCJD). While familial cases are inherited through germline mutations in PRNP, the cause of sCJD is unknown.

Neuropathologically-directed profiling of somatic and germline variants in sporadic human prion disease.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), the most common human prion disease, is associated with pathologic misfolding of the prion protein (PrP), encoded by the gene. Of human prion disease cases, ~1% were transmitted by misfolded PrP, ~15% are inherited, and ~85% are sporadic (sCJD). While familial cases are inherited through germline mutations in , the cause of sCJD is unknown.

Laparoscopic Total Pancreatectomy After Laparoscopic Whipple.

Background: The incidence of a second de novo pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) among patients with prior cancer has been reported to be 6%. however, as survival increases through improvements in systemic therapy, this incidence of a de novo PDAC after prior PDAC may become more prevalent. In this context, a structured and stepwise approach to a total pancreatectomy for a second de novo PDAC after a prior PDAC treated with a pancreaticoduodenectomy is detailed.

Identifying Population-Level and Within-Hospital Disparities in Surgical Care.

Background: The lack of consensus on equity measurement and its incorporation into quality-assessment programs at the hospital and system levels may be a barrier to addressing disparities in surgical care. This study aimed to identify population-level and within-hospital differences in the quality of surgical care provision.

Study Design: The analysis included 657 NSQIP participating hospitals with more than 4 million patients (2014 to 2018).

Large-scale validation of skin prion seeding activity as a biomarker for diagnosis of prion diseases.

Definitive diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) relies on the examination of brain tissues for the pathological prion protein (PrP). Our previous study revealed that PrP-seeding activity (PrP-SA) is detectable in skin of sCJD patients by an ultrasensitive PrP seed amplification assay (PrP-SAA) known as real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC). A total of 875 skin samples were collected from 2 cohorts (1 and 2) at autopsy from 2-3 body areas of 339 cases with neuropathologically confirmed prion diseases and non-sCJD controls.

Genome-wide association studies identify novel loci in rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Recent data suggest that distinct prion-like amyloid beta and tau strains are associated with rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease (rpAD). The role of genetic factors in rpAD is largely unknown.

Methods: Previously known AD risk loci were examined in rpAD cases.

The Accuracy of the NSQIP Universal Surgical Risk Calculator Compared to Operation-Specific Calculators.

Objective: To compare the performance of the ACS NSQIP "universal" risk calculator (N-RC) to operation-specific RCs.

Background: Resources have been directed toward building operation-specific RCs because of an implicit belief that they would provide more accurate risk estimates than the N-RC. However, operation-specific calculators may not provide sufficient improvements in accuracy to justify the costs in development, maintenance, and access.

Characterization of postoperative LASIK ectasia features on higher-order aberration excimer ablation maps.

Background: To characterize anterior corneal higher-order aberration (HOA) excimer ablation map patterns in postoperative LASIK ectasia (POE) and to examine correlations between newly identified corneal HOA ablation map features of POE and known topographic indices.

Methods: Prospective multicenter non-interventional descriptive study. A total of 28 eyes from 22 POE patients were enrolled.