Correlation between cognitive impairment and cerebral hemodynamic disturbances on perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in European adults with moyamoya disease. Clinical article.

Object: Although cognitive impairment has been reported in adults with moyamoya disease (MMD), its relationship with cerebral hemodynamic disturbances has not been investigated. The aims of the present study were to confirm the presence of dysexecutive cognitive syndrome (DCS) in adults with MMD and to explore the relationship of DCS with frontal lobe perfusion as measured by perfusion MR imaging.

Methods: Cerebral blood volume (CBV) ratio and mean transit time delay were measured in frontal and temporoparietal regions using the cerebellum as a reference region in 10 European adults with MMD.

Plea of the defence-critical comments on the interpretation of EVA3S, SPACE and ICSS.

Three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing outcomes after carotid artery stenting (CAS) with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) have recently been published. Recent systematic reviews have recommended that CAS is no longer justified for patients suitable for CEA. Indeed, in many centres, pooled data of RCTs show higher peri-operative risk of performing CAS vs.

Osteoid osteoma invading the posterior labyrinth of the petrous bone.

We report a painless osteoid osteoma of the inner ear in an elderly woman presenting with hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. CT showed a heterogeneous mass containing calcifications involving the posterior labyrinth, which heterogeneously enhanced on postcontrast MR images. Osteoid osteoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of an osteolytic petrous bone lesion with central calcification and enhancement.

Regulation by scaffolding proteins of canonical transient receptor potential channels in striated muscle.

Recent studies proposed a pivotal role of TRPC channels, in particular TRPC1, in the striated muscle tissue and in the development of calcium mishandling observed in dystrophin-deficient skeletal and cardiac muscle cells (Vandebrouck et al. in J Cell Biol 158:1089-1096, 2002; Williams and Allen in Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292:H846-H855, 2007; Stiber et al. in Mol Cell Biol 28:2637-2647, 2008).

Glycosaminoglycan mimetics trigger IP3-dependent intracellular calcium release in myoblasts.

Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are sulfated polysaccharides that play an important role in regulating cell functions. GAG mimetics called RGTAs (for ReGeneraTing Agents) have been shown to stimulate tissue repair. In particular they accelerate myogenesis, in part via their heparin-mimetic property towards growth factors.

Isolated acute nontraumatic cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Our aim was to review the etiologic background of isolated acute nontraumatic cSAH. While SAH located in the basal cisterns originates from a ruptured aneurysm in approximately 85% of cases, a broad spectrum of vascular and even nonvascular pathologies can cause acute nontraumatic SAH along the convexity. Arteriovenous malformations or fistulas, cortical venous and/or dural sinus thrombosis, and distal and proximal arteriopathies (RCVS, vasculitides, mycotic aneurysms, Moyamoya, or severe atherosclerotic carotid disease) should be sought by noninvasive imaging methods or/and conventional angiography.

Immediate anatomic results after the endovascular treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms: analysis in the CLARITY series.

Background And Purpose: The efficacy of the endovascular treatment in providing stable occlusion of intracranial aneurysms is still controversial and should be precisely analyzed. A first step is to carefully study immediate anatomical results. CLARITY (Clinical and Anatomical Results in the Treatment of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms) is a prospective multicenter consecutive series including patients treated by coiling for ruptured aneurysms.

Regulation of TRPC1 and TRPC4 cation channels requires an alpha1-syntrophin-dependent complex in skeletal mouse myotubes.

The dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) is essential for skeletal muscle, and the lack of dystrophin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy results in a reduction of DAPC components such as syntrophins and in fiber necrosis. By anchoring various molecules, the syntrophins may confer a role in cell signaling to the DAPC. Calcium disorders and abnormally elevated cation influx in dystrophic muscle cells have suggested that the DAPC regulates some sarcolemmal cationic channels.

Negative modulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type 1 receptor expression prevents dystrophin-deficient muscle cells death.

Evidence for a modulatory effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) on calcium signaling and cell survival in dystrophin-deficient cells is presented. Our previous works strongly supported the hypothesis of an overactivation of Ca(2+) release via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3R) in dystrophin-deficient cells, both during membrane depolarization and at rest, through spontaneous Ca(2+) release events. Forced expression of mini-dystrophin in these cells contributed, during stimulation and in resting condition, to the recovery of a controlled calcium homeostasis.

Long-term follow-up of 1036 cerebral aneurysms treated by bare coils: a multicentric cohort treated between 1998 and 2003.

Background And Purpose: The endovascular treatment (EVT) of cerebral aneurysms has experienced a revolution since 1991 with the introduction of platinum coil technology. During the past 10 years, there has been significant study of the feasibility of this technique, and clinical results of EVT have been published. The long-term durability of Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC) embolization of cerebral aneurysms still remains unknown.

[Interest of MR perfusion and MR spectroscopy for the diagnostic of atypical cerebral toxoplasmosis].

We report an atypical case of cerebral toxoplasmosis (CT) in a 70-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a single ring-enhancing lesion in the pons with perifocal oedema and mass effect. Toxoplasma encephalitis was suggested by means of diffusion weighted imaging, MR perfusion and MR spectroscopy, leading to the discovery of HIV infection.

alpha-Skeletal muscle actin nemaline myopathy mutants cause cell death in cultured muscle cells.

Nemaline myopathy is a neuromuscular disorder, characterized by muscle weakness and hypotonia and is, in 20% of the cases, caused by mutations in the gene encoding alpha-skeletal muscle actin, ACTA1. It is a heterogeneous disease with various clinical phenotypes and severities. In patients the ultrastructure of muscle cells is often disturbed by nemaline rods and it is thought this is the cause for muscle weakness.

Endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: comparison of safety of remodeling technique and standard treatment with coils.

Purpose: To analyze the safety of the remodeling technique compared with the safety of the standard treatment with coils for endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in a large multicenter series of patients as part of the Analysis of Treatment by Endovascular Approach of Nonruptured Aneurysms (ATENA) study.

Materials And Methods: The medical ethics committee approved the ATENA study, and all patients gave informed consent for participation in the study. The ATENA study was performed in 27 institutions.

Endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations using onyx: results of a prospective, multicenter study.

Background And Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of onyx for embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM).

Methods: A prospective, multicenter study was conducted in France to evaluate embolization of BAVM with onyx. From May 2003 to March 2005, 50 patients (26 females, 24 males; mean age: 34.

ICONE: An International Consortium of Neuro Endovascular Centres.

The proliferation of new endovascular devices and therapeutic strategies calls for a prudentand rational evaluation of their clinical benefit. This evaluation must be done in an effective manner and in collaboration with industry. Such research initiative requires organisation a land methodological support to survive and thrive in a competitive environment.

Unruptured intracranial aneurysms: their illusive natural history and why subgroup statistics cannot provide normative criteria for clinical decisions or selection criteria for a randomized trial.

There is currently no evidence that treatment of unruptured aneurysms is beneficial. Confronted with the uncertainty, many clinicians are attracted by an individual calculus of risks using numbers extracted from subgroup statistics of observational studies or natural history data. The so-called natural history of unruptured aneurysms refers to a purely man-made ratio of events divided by the number of untreated patients identified by imaging, a ratio heavily influenced by referral patterns and arbitrary clinical decisions.

Midterm clinical experience with a complex-shaped detachable platinum coil system for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms: Trufill DCS Orbit detachable coil system registry interim results.

Purpose: To report an interim analysis of the registry data and evaluate the performance of Trufill DCS Orbit coils in terms of the stability of initial aneurysmal occlusion.

Materials And Methods: From May 1, 2004, to February 1, 2006, 291 patients with ruptured or unruptured aneurysms were enrolled in a multiple-center global registry from 37 centers in the United States, Europe, and Latin America to be treated via endovascular embolization with Trufill DCS Orbit detachable platinum coils. Acute and long-term anatomic and clinical data were collected and evaluated.

Structure elucidation of a dihydropyranone from Tapinanthus dodoneifolius.

A new dihydropyranone, ( R)-6-[( S)-2-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butyl]-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one ( 1), was isolated from Tapinanthus dodoneifolius. The structure was determined from spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 1 (named dodoneine) showed a relaxing effect on preconstricted rat aortic rings (IC 50 of 81.

Endovascular treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas with cortical venous drainage: new management using Onyx.

Background And Purpose: DAVFs (dural arteriovenous fistulas) represent one of the most dangerous types of intracranial AV shunts. Most of them are cured by arterial or venous embolization, but surgery/radiosurgery can be required in case of failure. Our goal was to reconsider the endovascular treatment strategy according to the new possibilities of arterial embolization using non polymerizing liquid embolic agent.

Feasibility, procedural morbidity and mortality, and long-term follow-up of endovascular treatment of 321 unruptured aneurysms.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the technical feasibility, morbidity and mortality, and durability of occlusion of unruptured aneurysms treated with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs) with a long-term follow-up.

Materials And Methods: Between January 1998 and January 2005, we treated 321 unruptured aneurysms with GDCs in 5 neuroradiologic institutions. During this period, 63% of unruptured aneurysms were treated by endovascular technique.

Spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas associated with progressive myelopathy. Report of four cases.

The authors report the cases of four patients who presented with progressive myelopathy (one patient had been asymptomatic for 25 years) due to spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). Clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging findings were similar to those of dural AVFs. In contrast to dural AVFs, angiography showed that the lesions were fed by multiple vessels and drained in one case in multiple veins.

Carotidynia: a new case for an old controversy.

Whereas International Headache society (IHS) criteria of carotidynia were defined in 1988, its validity as a distinct nosological entity has recently been questioned, leading this entity to be removed from the second IHS classification in 2004. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman who developed a pain located at the left carotid bulb, associated with typical findings on ultrasonography and MRI. We discuss new criteria and denomination of this clinical entity.

Delayed Medullar Syndrome after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage. A Case report of Cystic Arachnoiditis!

We described a case of chronic spinal cystic arachnoiditis after subarachnoid haemorrhage in a 54-year-old woman with a ruptured vertebral artery aneurysm treated by coils. At three months she complained of lumbar pain.At twelve months she presented lower limbs paresthesia then a rapidly bilateral motor deficit.

[GDC 18 treatment of ruptured and non-ruptured aneurysms: angiographic results and early and midterm follow-up of 115 aneurysms].

Objectives: To demonstrate the technical feasibility, safety and results of intracranial aneurysm treatment by coils of 0.018-inch diameter wire (GDC 18) for ruptured and non-ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Materials And Methods: From a commune database from five neuroradiological centers, we analysed endovascular technique with Gugliemi Detachable Coils (GDC) 18, complications of technique, acute angiographic occlusion results and long-term angiographic follow-up.