South African Chiropractic Students' Intentions, Motivations, and Considerations for Emigration: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the emigration intentions of South African senior chiropractic students upon graduation, emphasizing motivations and considerations guiding migration decisions.

Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative, and exploratory approach was employed, utilizing an anonymous and adapted online survey administered to chiropractic students at 2 South African institutions ( = 177) between March 15 and May 19, 2021. Data were analyzed using frequencies, descriptions, and cross-tabulations to identify trends and interrelationships related to students' intentions to emigrate postqualification.

Effect of Past Pharmacotherapy for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Substance Use Disorder.

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a considerable public health problem. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently occurs in patients with SUD. Several studies demonstrated that ADHD constitutes a significant risk factor for the development of SUDs and suggest that childhood ADHD pharmacotherapy might help prevent development of SUD.

Differences in alcohol and cannabis use amongst substance use disorder patients with and without comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) continue to be a public health problem. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is seen as a risk factor for SUD. Prevalence of alcohol and cannabis use amongst adults with SUD and comorbid ADHD impacts both disorders cognitively and behaviourally.

Outcomes of the RAFT trial: robotic surgery after focal therapy.

Objectives: To report toxicity of treatment observed in men participating in the Robotic surgery After Focal Therapy (RAFT) clinical trial.

Patients And Methods: Men were eligible for this prospective single group interventional study if they had histologically confirmed recurrent/residual prostate adenocarcinoma following primary FT. The short-form Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC-26) measured prior to salvage robotic prostatectomy (S-RARP) and 3-monthly post-operatively together with Clavien-Dindo complications (I-IV).

[Recommendations for the screening, diagnosis and treatment of patients with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity- and substance use disorder].

Among patients with substance use disorders (SUD), adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently co-occuring disorder. Those SUD patients with comorbid ADHD show earlier onset of substance use, more severe SUD and poor treatment outcomes. Therefore, early recognition of ADHD is highly rele - vant within this patient population.

Prevalence and characteristics of South African treatment-seeking patients with substance use disorder and co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) constitutes a significant risk factor for the development of Substance Use Disorders (SUDs). Individuals with both conditions use more substances, and the pattern of substance use seems to differ between individuals with and without ADHD.

Research Aim And Objectives: To establish the prevalence of ADHD symptoms in adult South African treatment-seeking patients with SUD, and the pattern of substance use and presence of previous ADHD diagnoses and pharmacotherapy.

Phase I clinical trial repurposing all-trans retinoic acid as a stromal targeting agent for pancreatic cancer.

Pre-clinical models have shown that targeting pancreatic stellate cells with all-trans-retinoic-acid (ATRA) reprograms pancreatic stroma to suppress pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) growth. Here, in a phase Ib, dose escalation and expansion, trial for patients with advanced, unresectable PDAC (n = 27), ATRA is re-purposed as a stromal-targeting agent in combination with gemcitabine-nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy using a two-step adaptive continual re-assessment method trial design. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D, primary outcome) is the FDA/EMEA approved dose of gemcitabine-nab-paclitaxel along-with ATRA (45 mg/m orally, days 1-15/cycle).

A Consensus Statement on the Surgical Treatment of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease.

Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy that is often associated with a cavovarus foot deformity. Limited evidence exists for the orthopedic management of these patients. Our goal was to develop consensus guidelines based upon the clinical experiences and practices of an expert group of foot and ankle surgeons.

Fulvestrant Plus Vistusertib vs Fulvestrant Plus Everolimus vs Fulvestrant Alone for Women With Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: The MANTA Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated a substantial benefit of adding everolimus to endocrine therapy. Everolimus inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) complex but not mTORC2, which can set off an activating feedback loop via mTORC2. Vistusertib, a dual inhibitor of mTORC1 and mTORC2, has demonstrated broad activity in preclinical breast cancer models, showing superior activity to everolimus.

A phase II study of carboplatin AUC-10 guided by positron emission tomography-defined metabolic response in metastatic seminoma.

Introduction: Carboplatin monotherapy for metastatic seminoma at a dose of AUC-10 has shown promising activity. Three or four cycles have been given with most haematological side-effects seen with the 4th cycle. An early response might allow de-escalation of therapy.

Exploring the use of experiential learning in promoting the integration of disaster risk reduction into primary school curriculum: A case of Botswana.

A key imperative of Botswana's adherence to international, regional and local policy on disaster risk reduction (DRR) relates to creating awareness and an understanding of disaster risk. One avenue of creating an understanding of risk is vested in the integration of DRR into primary school curriculums. Botswana has been slow to adhere to the above-mentioned policy imperatives.

Hip pathology: the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Hip arthroscopy has led to a greater understanding of intra-articular hip pathology. Non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently the gold standard in non-invasive imaging diagnosis, with high sensitivity in identifying labral pathology but equivocal results for ligamentum teres damage and chondral defects. The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of non-contrast MRI for diagnosis of intra-articular hip derangements and identify radiological features that could increase the accuracy of the diagnosis.

International Consensus Statement on Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Substance Use Disorder Patients with Comorbid Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occurs with substance use disorders (SUD) and is associated with early onset and more severe development of SUD and with reduced treatment effectiveness. Screening tools allow for a good recognition of possible ADHD in adults with SUD and should be used routinely, followed by an ADHD diagnostic process initiated as soon as possible. Simultaneous and integrated treatment of ADHD and SUD, using a combination of pharmaco- and psychotherapy, is recommended.

Comparison of outcome measures and complication rates following three different approaches for primary total hip arthroplasty: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. There are a number of surgical approaches for total hip arthroplasty and no high-level evidence supporting one approach over the other. Each approach has its unique benefits and drawbacks.

Inadequate stakeholder management and its effect on a coherent sinkhole risk management strategy: The case of the Merafong Local Municipality, South Africa.

The Merafong Local Municipality (MLM) has historically suffered financial and human losses because of the presence of dolomite and the consequent formation of sinkholes. There is a great need for the MLM to address the risk posed by sinkholes to ensure the continued safety of communities. However, as the risk is so pervasive, the MLM needs to coordinate their risk reduction strategies with a wide array of stakeholders in the municipality.

Enantiodifferentiation of 1,2-propanediol in various wines as phenylboronate ester with multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Native concentrations and enantiomeric distribution of 1,2-propanediol in various wines were studied in order to evaluate its merits as a potential marker for aroma adulteration in wine. Heart-cut multidimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was applied to analyze 1,2-propanediol after salting-out of the polar phase, derivatization with phenyl boronic acid, and extraction with cyclohexane. The enantiomeric separation of the derivative was achieved with heptakis-(6-O-tert.

Once-daily extended-release levetiracetam as adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: Double-blind randomized trial to assess efficacy and tolerability of once-daily extended-release levetiracetam (LEV XR) tablets (2 x 500 mg) as add-on therapy in patients (12-70 years old) with partial-onset seizures (POS) refractory to one to three antiepileptic drugs.

Methods: After an 8-week prospective baseline-period, eligible patients were randomized (1:1) to once-daily LEV XR 1,000 mg/day or placebo for 12 weeks. Evaluations included changes from baseline in POS-frequency/week, responders (>or=50% reduction in POS-frequency/week), seizure-freedom, adverse events, laboratory tests, physical and neurologic examinations, vital signs, body-weight, and 12-lead electrocardiogram.

Anticoagulant effects of a Cannabis extract in an obese rat model.

Blood coagulation studies were conducted to determine the possible anti-/prothrombotic effect of an organic cannabis extract and the three major cannabinoids, THC, CBD and CBN. The in vitro effect of the cannabis extract on thrombin activity produced an IC50 value of 9.89 mg/ml, compared to THC at 1.

Selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of levonorgestrel in human plasma.

A selective, sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of levonorgestrel in plasma was developed. An Applied Biosystems API 3000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer set to multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, using atmospheric pressure photospray ionisation (APPI) in the positive mode. Using 17-alpha-methyltestosterone as internal standard (IS), liquid-liquid extraction was followed by reversed phase liquid chromatography using a phenyl-hexyl column and tandem mass spectrometric detection.

Occlusal and oral health status of a group of 3-8-year-old South African black children.

This study determined the oral health status of a group of 3-8-year-old South African black children, comprising a total of 214 children from the townships of Garankuwa, Shosanguwe, Mabopane, Hebron and Erasmus who attended a school in Akasia, Greater Pretoria Metropolitan Substructure. The decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft), oral hygiene status, dental IQ and malocclusion status were determined. The study found that the children's oral health status and occlusal status were unacceptable.

The treatment need of a group of senior dental students as assessed by the IOTN and PAR indices.

Recently the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) were introduced in the United Kingdom as a standard for future epidemiological research in orthodontics. The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of these indices for South African epidemiological studies and to evaluate the treatment need of a group of senior dental students. Examinations in accordance with the IOTN and PAR were performed on 206 dental students by three postgraduate orthodontic students.

Fluoride tolerance of laying hens.

1. One thousand Silver Grey Hyline hens were given drinking water containing 5 concentrations of added sodium fluoride (0, 6, 10, 14 and 20 mg/l) over a 17-week growth and 57-week laying period. The natural fluoride content of the water was 0.

Abdominal compartment syndrome.

Abdominal compartment syndrome is still a controversial entity. We report on a patient who developed the classical hemodynamic, respiratory, and renal changes of abdominal compartment syndrome after surgical intervention for blunt abdominal trauma. A decompressive laparotomy improved the situation dramatically.