Negative Pressure Dressings to Prevent Surgical Site Infection After Emergency Laparotomy: The SUNRRISE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients undergoing unplanned abdominal surgical procedures are at increased risk of surgical site infection (SSI). It is not known if incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) can reduce SSI rates in this setting.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of iNPWT in reducing the rate of SSI in adults undergoing emergency laparotomy with primary skin closure.

Commentary: core descriptor sets using consensus methods support 'table one' consistency.

Background: Inconsistent reporting of patient characteristics in clinical research hampers reproducibility and limits analysis opportunities. This paper proposes condition-specific 'Core Descriptor Sets' comprising key factors like demographics, disease severity, comorbidities, and prognosis to standardize Table 1 reporting.

Methods: Development entails stakeholder involvement, systematic identification of descriptors, value rating, and consensus-building using multiple Delphi rounds.

The role of cholecystectomy following endoscopic sphincterotomy and bile duct stone removal.

Introduction: Choledocholithiasis is common, with patients usually treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and subsequent cholecystectomy to remove the presumed source of common bile duct (CBD) stones. However, previous investigations into the management of patients following ERCP have focused on recurrent CBD stones, negating the risks of cholecystectomy. This article appraises the role of cholecystectomy following successful endoscopic clearance of bile duct stones.

Cenobamate treatment of focal-onset seizures: Quality of life and outcome during up to eight years of treatment.

A large proportion of patients with focal-onset epilepsy have frequent seizures despite treatment with newer anti-seizure medications (ASMs). We describe our experience optimizing cenobamate treatment for 49 patients treated at one center for up to eight years. We assessed the influence of treatment response on measurements of quality of life (QOLIE).

Open Versus Laparoscopic Repair of Perforated Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Propensity-matched Study of the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare open surgery (OS) with laparoscopic surgery (LS) for perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) disease using a National dataset.

Background: PPU disease is typically treated surgically with an omental patch. This can be performed through OS or a LS.

Leading Through the Unknown: A Network Perspective of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This article provides a road map to swiftly operationalize the structure and process for organizational readiness in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic forced network leaders to face an unprecedented public health crisis while navigating circumstances driven by a widely impactful disease with minimal empirical evidence regarding disease spread, containment, and treatment. Key leaders across the enterprise planned, executed, and continually refined a strategy against the pandemic surge.

Variation in descriptors of patient characteristics in randomized clinical trials of peptic ulcer repair: a systematic review.

Background: The ability to compare findings across surgical research is important. Inadequate description of participants, interventions or outcomes could lead to bias and inaccurate assessment of findings. The aim of this study was to assess consistency of description of participants using studies comparing laparoscopic and open repair of peptic ulcer as an example.

Hepatic steatosis in patients undergoing resection of colorectal liver metastases: A target for prehabilitation? A narrative review.

The prevalence of elevated intra-hepatic fat (IHF) is increasing in the Western world, either alone as hepatic steatosis (HS) or in conjunction with inflammation (steatohepatitis). These changes to the hepatic parenchyma are an independent risk factor for post-operative morbidity following liver resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). As elevated IHF and colorectal malignancy share similar risk factors for development it is unsurprisingly frequent in this cohort.

Development of MR quantified pancreatic fat deposition as a cancer risk biomarker.

Background: Excess body adiposity is associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer, and in animal models excess intra-pancreatic fat is a driver of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Within a programme to evaluate pancreatic fat and PC risk in humans, we assessed whether MR-quantified pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) was 'fit for purpose' as an imaging biomarker.

Methods: We determined PFF using MR spectroscopy (MRS) and MR chemical shift imaging (CS-MR), in two groups.

Effect of the Salary Model on Sustainability of a Professional Practice Environment.

Objective: This replication study examined differences in RN perception of the professional practice environment (PPE) between salary- and hourly-wage compensation models over time.

Background: A previous study demonstrated that nurses in a salary-wage model had a significantly higher perception of the PPE compared with their peers receiving hourly wages.

Methods: A descriptive, comparative design was used to examine the Revised Professional Practice Environment (RPPE) scale of nurses in the same units surveyed in the previous study 2 years later.

Digital histology quantification of intra-hepatic fat in patients undergoing liver resection.

Background: High intra-hepatic fat (IHF) content is associated with insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, and increased morbidity and mortality following liver resection. However, in clinical practice, IHF is assessed indirectly by pre-operative imaging [for example, chemical-shift magnetic resonance (CS-MR)]. We used the opportunity in patients undergoing liver resection to quantify IHF by digital histology (D-IHF) and relate this to CT-derived anthropometrics, insulin-related serum biomarkers, and IHF estimated by CS-MR.

A comparison of salary-wage and hourly-wage acute care nursing units: a pilot study.

Objective: This pilot study examined differences in RN perception of the professional practice environment and financial indicators between salary-wage and hourly-wage compensation models.

Background: There is a dearth of current information regarding use of salary-wage models for compensation for direct care nurses.

Methods: A descriptive, comparative design was used to examine the Revised Professional Practice Environment Scale (RPPE) and financial indicators of nurses in a nonprofit healthcare system over a 6-month period.

Excess adiposity and gastrointestinal cancer.

Background: Excess adiposity is a risk factor for incidence of several gastrointestinal cancers, but it is unclear how these epidemiological observations translate into clinical practice.

Methods: Critical appraisals and updated analyses of published systematic reviews were undertaken to quantify cancer risk associations better and to assess the impact of weight-reducing strategies (surgical and non-surgical) on cancer prevention.

Results And Conclusion: A large volume of evidence demonstrates that body mass index (BMI), as an approximation for general adiposity, is a risk factor for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and colorectal, hepatocellular, gallbladder and pancreatic cancers.

Determination of the strange-quark density of the proton from ATLAS measurements of the W→ℓν and Z→ℓℓ cross sections.

A QCD analysis is reported of ATLAS data on inclusive W(±) and Z boson production in pp collisions at the LHC, jointly with ep deep-inelastic scattering data from HERA. The ATLAS data exhibit sensitivity to the light quark sea composition and magnitude at Bjorken x∼0.01.

Search for pair production of a new b' quark that decays into a Z boson and a bottom quark with the ATLAS detector.

A search is reported for the pair production of a new quark b' with at least one b' decaying to a Z boson and a bottom quark. The data, corresponding to 2.0 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity, were collected from pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.

Search for supersymmetry in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √[s]=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector.

A search for the weak production of charginos and neutralinos decaying to a final state with three leptons (electrons or muons) and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis uses 2.06 fb(-1) of √[s]=7 TeV proton-proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector.

Search for pair production of a heavy up-type quark decaying to a W boson and a b quark in the lepton + jets channel with the ATLAS detector.

A search is presented for production of a heavy up-type quark (t') together with its antiparticle, assuming subsequent decay to a W boson and a b quark, t't[over ¯]'→W(+)bW(-)b[over ¯]. The search is based on 1.04 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at √[s]=7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.

Search for a light Higgs boson decaying to long-lived weakly interacting particles in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector.

A search for the decay of a light Higgs boson (120-140 GeV) to a pair of weakly interacting, long-lived particles in 1.94 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV recorded in 2011 by the ATLAS detector is presented. The search strategy requires that both long-lived particles decay inside the muon spectrometer.

Search for gluinos in events with two same-sign leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=7 TeV.

A search is presented for gluinos decaying via the supersymmetric partner of the top quark using events with two same-sign leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum. The analysis is performed with 2.05  fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from pp collisions at sqrt[s]=7  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC.

Observation of spin correlation in tt¯ events from pp collisions at √s=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector.

A measurement of spin correlation in tt[over ¯] production is reported using data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.1 fb(-1). Candidate events are selected in the dilepton topology with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets.