Executive function network's white matter alterations relate to Parkinson's disease motor phenotype.

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with postural instability and gait disorder phenotype (PIGD) are at high risk of cognitive deficits compared to those with tremor dominant phenotype (TD). Alterations of white matter (WM) integrity can occur in patients with normal cognitive functions (PD-N). However, the alterations of WM integrity related to cognitive functions in PD-N, especially in these two motor phenotypes, remain unclear.

Assessment of Emergency Department and Inpatient Use and Costs in Adult and Pediatric Functional Neurological Disorders.

Importance: There is limited information about health care use and costs in patients with functional neurological disorders (FNDs).

Objective: To assess US emergency department (ED) and inpatient use and charges for FNDs.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This economic evaluation used Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project data to assess all-payer (1) adult (age, ≥18 years) hospitalizations (2008-2017), (2) pediatric (age, 5-17 years) hospitalizations (2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, and 2016), and (3) adult and pediatric ED evaluations (2008-2017).

Cognitive control involves theta power within trials and beta power across trials in the prefrontal-subthalamic network.

There is increasing evidence that the medial prefrontal cortex participates in conflict and feedback monitoring while the subthalamic nucleus adjusts actions. Yet how these two structures coordinate their activity during cognitive control remains poorly understood. We recorded from the human prefrontal cortex and the subthalamic nucleus simultaneously while participants (n = 22) performed a novel task involving high conflict trials, complete response inhibition trials, and trial-to-trial behavioural adaptations to conflict and errors.