ductular dacryoadenitis resulting in a lacrimal gland abscess.

Lacrimal gland ductulitis is a rare infection of the lacrimal gland ductules. Individuals affected report a history of chronic mucopurulent conjunctivitis with "stringy" discharge. All patients are clinically noted to have an inflamed lacrimal gland ductule.

Applying the Paris system for reporting urine cytology to challenging cytology cases.

Background: Implementing the Paris system for reporting urine cytology (TPS) can substantiate atypical diagnosis while improving standardization and risk stratification. This study evaluates its performance and reproducibility in challenging cases and examines whether focused education of morphological features can improve outcomes.

Methods: In our prior study, urine cytology cases diagnosed as "atypical" with surgical follow-up were used.

Diagnosis of Lymphoma Using Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy and Core-Needle Biopsy: A Single-Institution Experience.

Objective: The objective is to study the efficacy of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and core-needle biopsy (CNB) in the diagnosis of lymphoma in a single institution.

Study Design: We retrospectively reviewed 635 FNAB/CNB cases performed in our institution to rule out lymphoma during a 4-year period and collected the relevant clinical and pathological information for statistical analysis.

Results And Conclusions: This cohort comprised 275 males and 360 females, with a median age of 57 years.

Amyloidoma of Stomach: A Case Report.

Objective: Amyloidomas are tumor-like deposits of amyloid. Amyloidoma of the gastrointestinal tract is rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first instance of diagnosis of an amyloidoma in the gastrointestinal tract by fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Conjunctival Capillary Hemangioma.

Conjunctival hemangioma over the age of 60 is rare, with few cases reported in the literature. We present a unique case of a conjunctival capillary hemangioma, adding to the sparse literature of this uncommon vascular tumor. Here, we present an interesting case of spontaneous development of this tumor at age 68, without associated systemic disease process or cutaneous manifestations.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of lytic bone lesions: An institution's experience.

Objectives: Fine needle aspiration (FNAB) is an effective, minimally-invasive, inexpensive, diagnostic technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of FNAB in the diagnosis of bone lesions.

Methods: FNABs of bone lesions diagnosed at our institution over a 2-year period were retrospectively analyzed.

Utility of intraoperative frozen sections for thyroid nodules with prior fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of intraoperative frozen section (IFS) in determining the course of surgery in thyroid nodules with a prior fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy diagnosis. In addition, reliability of FNA interpretation to guide surgical management without IFS was investigated.

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective study of all patients who had a FNA biopsy, IFS, and final pathology performed on a thyroid nodule over a 9 month period.

The impact of subdividing the "atypical" category for urinary cytology on patient management.

Introduction: The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of subdividing the "atypical" cytology interpretation into two groups: Atypical urothelial cells of uncertain significance (AUC-US) and Atypical urothelial cells suspicious for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (AUC-H/SHGUC), on management of patients with no prior history of UC.

Materials And Method: This is a retrospective study of "atypical" urine cytology with subsequent tissue examination occurring within six months. Cytology reports with "atypical" interpretation were reclassified into AUS-UC and AUC-H based on morphologic features identified by the Johns Hopkins system and the Paris system for urine cytology.

Predicting histological subtypes of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma based on cytomorphology. Can cytomorphology optimize use of molecular testing?

Introduction: Follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) can be further subclassified into one of 3 subtypes: non-invasive encapsulated FVPTC, invasive encapsulated FVPTC, and infiltrative FVPTC. Longitudinal and molecular studies have demonstrated that, in terms of both molecular profiles and prognosis, encapsulated FVPTC is comparable to follicular adenoma, invasive FVPTC to follicular carcinoma, and infiltrative FVPTC to classic PTC. To improve triaging and prevent overtreatment of patients with FVPTC, we sought to determine cytologic features likely to occur within each subtype.

Two-tiered subdivision of atypia on urine cytology can improve patient follow-up and optimize the utility of UroVysion.

Background: The annual incidence of urothelial carcinoma continues to increase, and it is projected that greater than 70,000 new cases will occur in the year 2015. However, as much as 23% of cytologic specimens will demonstrate some degree of atypia without meeting the criteria for urothelial carcinoma and thus will be reported as atypical.

Methods: The authors conducted 2 laboratory information searches and 1 survey.

Accuracy and risk of malignancy for diagnostic categories in urine cytology at a large tertiary institution.

Background: At a high-volume center, it became necessary to provide benchmarks for the accuracy and risk of malignancy per urine cytology diagnostic category. The additive sensitivity for the determination of the residual risk of disease was calculated with the goal of determining the performance of cytology and optimal triage, including the number of urine samples, before the detection of malignancy in surveillance patients.

Methods: A 2-year laboratory information system-based search was conducted, and it yielded 587 subjects (695 biopsy and cytology pairs) with histological follow-up.

Isolated adrenal cryptococcosis, diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy: a case report.

This report documents a case of isolated adrenal gland cryptococcosis without the often reported component of concomitant meningitis or Addison's disease in an immune competent patient. Furthermore, both the patient's lung cancer and adrenal infection with cryptococcus were incidentally discovered during work-up for syncope in the setting of hyponatremia. This case also underscores the diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration biopsy in this unusual presentation.

Laryngeal myxoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Myxomas are a rare benign neoplasm of uncertain mesenchymal cell origin, typically involving the heart. Laryngeal myxomas are uncommon, and are usually misdiagnosed as laryngeal polyp. To the best of our knowledge, there are only nine reported cases in the English literature.

Mechanisms of progression of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast to invasive cancer. A hypothesis.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a known precursor lesion of invasive cancer of the female breast, is surrounded by a thick basement membrane and a layer of myoepithelial cells. For DCIS to become invasive, both these barriers must be breached by cancer cells. It has been repeatedly suggested that proteolytic enzymes are somehow involved in this process but a direct proof of this event has never been provided.

Focal adhesion proteins as markers of malignant transformation and prognostic indicators in breast carcinoma.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is one of the central signaling molecules found at focal adhesion sites, which are specific areas on the cell membrane where cells attach to extracellular matrix proteins. Focal adhesion kinase interacts with multiple signaling and adaptor molecules and effects several signaling pathways. Overexpression of FAK and its substrate c-Src has been implicated in malignant transformation and acquisition of an invasive tumor phenotype of different tissues.

Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney in a child: report of a case with recurrence in the contralateral kidney.

Background: Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the kidney is a rare and aggressive neoplasm with a controversial histogenesis. Although their immunohistochemistry may be diverse, the rhabdoid phenotype and mutations of the INI1 gene are consistently exhibited by MRTs regardless of their location.

Case: MRT recurred in the contralateral kidney in a 12-month-old child within 6 months after the initial histologic diagnosis, nephrectomy and autologous stem cell transplant.

Rosai-Dorfman disease. Report of a case presenting as a midline thyroid mass.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the only reported case of isolated involvement by Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) of small, anterior cervical-midline lymph nodes, clinically presenting as a thyroid mass. Thyroid parenchymal involvement by RDD has been reported in only 3 cases in the literature. The present case shows involvement of RDD of a pretracheal and thyroid isthmic lymph node in a 38-year-old woman.

Homologous collagen dispersion (dermalogen) as a dermal filler: persistence and histology compared with bovine collagen.

To assess the biological behavior and clinical efficacy of homologous collagen dispersion (Dermalogen) in augmenting human dermis, Dermalogen and bovine cross-linked collagen (Zyplast) were compared in a human postauricular injection model. Dermalogen (two sites implanted behind one ear) and Zyplast (two sites behind the contralateral ear) were injected into an upper to middermal level in 20 healthy adults. Digital photographs of all implant sites were taken over a 12-week period after injection.

Biophysical and microscopic analysis of homologous dermal and fascial materials for facial aesthetic and reconstructive uses.

Objectives: To evaluate the microscopic structure and physical properties of homologous tissue grafts commonly used in aesthetic and reconstructive facial plastic surgery in order to determine specific properties of these materials that may affect their performance in vivo.

Methods: Two decellularized dermal materials (AlloDerm and DuraDerm) and 2 fascia lata tissue grafts (Tutoplast and cadaveric fascia lata) were examined by light microscopy (hematoxylin-eosin and Movat staining) and scanning electron microscopy. The physical properties of these materials were also examined for thickness, maximum sustainable load, strain, conformability, and elasticity.

Evaluation of acellular dermal graft (AlloDerm) sheet for soft tissue augmentation: a 1-year follow-up of clinical observations and histological findings.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the long-term clinical persistence and histological appearance of subdermally implanted acellular dermal graft (AlloDerm) sheets and intradermal type I bovine collagen cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (Zyplast).

Patients: Ten adult patients (5 men and 5 women; average age, 46 years; age range, 37-59 years) not allergic to bovine collagen.

Methods: AlloDerm sheets were implanted surgically in a subdermal plane in one postauricular crease, and Zyplast was injected intradermally on the opposite side.

Evaluation of acellular dermal graft in sheet (AlloDerm) and injectable (micronized AlloDerm) forms for soft tissue augmentation. Clinical observations and histological analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the histological and clinical properties of (1) subdermally implanted acellular dermal graft (AlloDerm) sheets vs intradermal bovine collagen and (2) subdermally or intradermally injected micronized AlloDerm vs type I bovine collagen cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (Zyplast).

Patients: Twenty-five adult patients testing nonallergic to bovine collagen.

Methods: (1) Stacked disks of AlloDerm were implanted subdermally behind one ear, and bovine collagen was injected intradermally behind the other.