Efficacy of a new dietary supplement in dogs with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease in elderly dogs. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a dietary supplement containing calcium carbonate, calcium-lactate gluconate, chitosan and sodium bicarbonate in dogs with IRIS stage 3 of CKD. Twenty dogs were enrolled in the study, ten were administered the new dietary supplementation for 180 days (T group) while the others were used as control group (C group).

A long term feed supplementation based on phosphate binders in Feline Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a very common disorder in elderly cats. A proper renal diet represents the most efficient therapeutic intervention to improve survival and life quality in feline patients with 3 and 4 International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stages. Twenty cats were selected in this study.

CCK-containing paraneurons in human adenomatous prostate.

The presence of CCK-containing neuroendocrine cells in human adenomatous prostates, and the colocalization of CCK together with serotonin in the same cell, have been demonstrated by means of an immunohistochemical technique and by a double labeling immunofluorescent staining. CCK-containing neuroendocrine cells had a focal distribution in the prostates and sometimes showed dendrite-like cytoplasmic processes. The major part of CCK (96.

Distribution of substance P-like immunoreactive nervous structures in the duck gut during development.

The ontogeny and distribution of nerve cell bodies and fibers which are substance P-like (SPL) immunoreactive have been studied in the duck gastrointestinal tract by means of immunohistochemistry. The appearance of SPL immunoreactivity was observed in cell bodies of the oesophagus, proventriculus, gizzard and antrum region at 6 days of incubation. At 9 days of incubation SPL immunoreactive nervous structures were observed in the whole length of the intestine.

Immunocytochemistry of paraneurons in the female urethra of the horse, cattle, sheep, and pig.

The aim of this study is to describe the presence of neuroendocrine (NE) cells (paraneurons), producing biogenic amines and/or peptidergic hormones, in the female urethra of cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses, by means of histochemical and double labeling immunofluorescent techniques. 5-Hydroxy-tryptamine-, chromogranin A-, cholecystokinin- and somatostatin-containing NE cells are present in the urethral epithelium of all the species studied, with the unique exception of the lack of somatostatin cells in the horse. Paraneurons containing 5-hydroxytryptamine colocalized with chromogranin A or cholecystokinin were also found in all subjects.

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptidergic innervation and gastroenteropancreatic system: an immunocytochemical study in the hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus.

The pattern of the digestive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-ergic innervation is described immunohistochemically in the hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus. This animal is a small-sized, wild, nocturnal, lower eutherian mammal whose gastrointestinal tract shows some similarities with the avian gut. The myenteric plexus of the stomach, the mucosa of the small intestine and the circular muscle layer of the large intestine are the best VIP-innervated structures.

Serotonin-, somatostatin- and chromogranin A-containing cells of the urethro-prostatic complex in the sheep. An immunocytochemical and immunofluorescent study.

The urethral and prostatic epithelial of the sheep contain a large number of amine- and/or peptide-producing neuroendocrine cells (NE), also called paraneurons. Four different cell types have been immunohistochemically recognised among them. The first contains the amine serotonin, the second the protein chromogranin A, the third the amine and the protein together and the fourth the hormone somatostatin.