Snapshot Moments of the Cell Revealed by UV-Crosslinking and RNA Co-immunoprecipitation of Transient RNA-Protein Complexes.

RNA co-immunoprecipitation serves as a powerful technique for elucidating the interactions between RNA and RNA-binding proteins, pivotal for understanding posttranscriptional regulation mechanisms. This method captures the dynamics of protein-RNA associations across various cellular processes, applicable to both coding and noncoding RNAs. Here we describe a convenient and compelling method using nanobody coupled beads and UV-crosslinking.

Successful Management of a Pediatric Patient with Humeral Lateral Condyle Non-union, Elbow Valgus Deformity and Ulnar Neuropathy.

Background: Humeral lateral condyle fracture is the most common elbow fracture in children after supracondylar fractures. Non-union of these fractures may cause ulnar nerve deficit, deformity and loss of joint motion, which are difficult to manage. Treatment of lateral condyle non-union can be done in two stages or one stage.

Deep masseteric triangular area to define masseter neurovascular bundle: A cadaveric study.

Introduction: Facial reanimation procedures are used in the treatment of the disorder that impairs mimetic function and jeopardizes physical and psychological health, and one of the most important instruments of these techniques is the masseteric neurovascular bundle (NVB) and proper identification at the mandibular notch level. In the current study, a triangular area (deep masseteric triangle, DMT) on the lateral surface of the masseter muscle that was identified to help reliable determination of the masseteric NVB at the mandibular notch level.

Material And Methods: 40 parotideomasseteric region dissections were performed in 10 female and 10 male donated cadavers.

dsRNA formation leads to preferential nuclear export and gene expression.

When mRNAs have been transcribed and processed in the nucleus, they are exported to the cytoplasm for translation. This export is mediated by the export receptor heterodimer Mex67-Mtr2 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (TAP-p15 in humans). Interestingly, many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) also leave the nucleus but it is currently unclear why they move to the cytoplasm.

Rehabilitation in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy: A controlled, 1-year follow-up study on a specialized inpatient rehabilitation program.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a specialized inpatient rehabilitation program in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy (NDE), who had been referred within 1 year after diagnosis.

Methods: We performed an open, prospective, controlled study comparing a 1-year follow-up assessment of patients with NDE after completing a rehabilitation program at an epilepsy center (rehabilitation group) with a control group of patients with similar epilepsy duration, but without rehabilitation in the first year after diagnosis. Primary outcome measures comprised emotional adaptation to epilepsy, depression and anxiety; and secondary outcome measures were overall quality of life (QoL), overall health, perceived restrictions because of epilepsy, level of information about epilepsy, and employment status.

The initial response of a local hospital in the earthquake zone during the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes: Injuries and challenges.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the type and number of traumatic injuries seen after devastating earthquakes and to evaluate the difficulties experienced in the treatment process in a primary affected center.

Methods: Out of the 2176 patients who were treated in the emergency department, 372 (199 male and 173 female) patients with complete data were included in this single-center retrospective study. In addition to the demographic characteristics of the patients, orthopedic injuries, other organ system injuries, type of injury, treatments, mechanisms of injury, and time of presentation to the emergency department were recorded.

Measurements of oculo-palpebral landmarks and evaluation of patient's head position.

Purpose: Keeping the head in a neutral position is requisite for glasses/lenses/head-up designs, the suitability of oculo-plastic surgery and for the grading the eye shift. Anatomically incompatible glasses are one of the common problems affecting accommodation, reducing comfort and disturbing by causing symptoms such as dizziness and nausea. The oculo-palpebral measurements act as a key determinant in symmetrical facial attractiveness.

The tortuous course of the anterior ethmoidal artery in the orbit: A cadaveric study.

Aim: The study aimed to define the coursing pattern of the anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) in the orbit to minimize complications during endoscopic interventions.

Materials And Methods: A total of ten formalin-fixed cadaveric halves were included in the study. Orbital regions were shown with a superior approach.

Norepinephrine regulates calcium signals and fate of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the mouse cerebral cortex.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) generate oligodendrocytes, contributing to myelination and myelin repair. OPCs contact axons and respond to neuronal activity, but how the information relayed by the neuronal activity translates into OPC Ca signals, which in turn influence their fate, remains unknown. We generated transgenic mice for concomitant monitoring of OPCs Ca signals and cell fate using 2-photon microscopy in the somatosensory cortex of awake-behaving mice.

Adrenergic modulation of melanocortin pathway by hunger signals.

Norepinephrine (NE) is a well-known appetite regulator, and the nor/adrenergic system is targeted by several anti-obesity drugs. To better understand the circuitry underlying adrenergic appetite control, here we investigated the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), a key brain region that integrates energy signals and receives dense nor/adrenergic input, using a mouse model. We found that PVN NE level increases with signals of energy deficit and decreases with food access.

Determination of the relationship between self-care agency and sleepiness in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between self-care agency and sleepiness in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Methods: The study was conducted with 75 patients with chronic renal failure in the hemodialysis unit of a training and research hospital in our country. In the descriptive study, the data were collected through a face-to-face questionnaire.

The Upper Attachment of the Uncinate Process and Anterior Ethmoidal Artery.

Objective: Variations in the upper attachment of the uncinate process (UP) are important because they can affect frontal sinus drainage and change the morphology. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is the primary technique used to treat chronic medically refractory rhinosinusitis. Uncinectomy is the basis of FESS technique to obtain the best possible result from surgery.

Surveillance of 3' mRNA cleavage during transcription termination requires CF IB/Hrp1.

CF IB/Hrp1 is part of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF) and cleavage factor (CF) complex (CPF-CF), which is responsible for 3' cleavage and maturation of pre-mRNAs. Although Hrp1 supports this process, its presence is not essential for the cleavage event. Here, we show that the main function of Hrp1 in the CPF-CF complex is the nuclear mRNA quality control of proper 3' cleavage.

Anatomical Basis for the Lower Eyelid Rejuvenation.

Background: The tear trough, hollow concavity of the lower eyelid, is one of the recognizable signs of facial aging. Anatomical description is essential in improving tear through deformity for facial rejuvenation.

Methods: Fifty cadaver were microdissected.

Efficacy of a specialized inpatient rehabilitation program in patients with early versus chronic epilepsy.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a specialized inpatient rehabilitation program in patients with early in comparison with chronic epilepsy.

Methods: We performed a prospective, open pre/post study using a parallel group design. Patients with early epilepsy (EE, treatment with anti-seizure medication [ASM] ≤ 1 year) or with chronic epilepsy (CE, ASM treatment > 5 years) completed questionnaires at the time of their admission to the rehabilitation program and at discharge.

Topographic anatomical localization of the motor nerve entry points (MEPs) of the masseter muscle.

Purpose: The masseteric nerve, which is a branch of the mandibular nerve, passes lateral to the mandibular notch and then spreads in the muscle to achieve motor innervation. The muscle entry points of these motor branches are the target points of minimally invasive interventions preferred in the treatment of masseter hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to reveal the areas where the motor entry points are concentrated in the muscle by dividing the muscle into topographic regions using reliable anatomic landmarks.

COVID-19 autopsies of Istanbul.

Background/aims: The aim of this study is to share autopsy findings of COVID-19-positive cases and autopsy algorithms for safely handling of suspicious bodies during this pandemic.

Methods: COVID-19-positive cases of Istanbul Morgue Department were retrospectively analyzed. Sampling indications for PCR tests in suspicious deaths, macroscopic and microscopic findings obtained in cases with positive PCR tests were evaluated.

Development and Implementation of a Novel Computer-Based Training Module for the Standardization of Splenic Flexure Mobilization.

Background: Computer-based training modules use various multimedia components such as text, graphics, animation, and videos that can theoretically facilitate the learning process. Splenic flexure mobilization (SFM) is a crucial step for tension-free colorectal/anal anastomosis that can be a technically demanding step. This study is designed to demonstrate our novel training module for SFM with high-vessel ligation during surgery and present the anatomical landmarks and embryological plans for SFM.

Roles of adiponectin and leptin signaling-related microRNAs in the preventive effects of calorie restriction in mammary tumor development.

Calorie restriction (CR) is suggested to prevent the development of mammary tumors (MTs); however, the mechanism remains to be clarified. We aimed to determine the microRNA (miRNA) profile in mice applied to 2 different CR protocols; chronic (CCR) and intermittent (ICR) and follow the MT development. In addition, the roles of miRNAs involved in adiponectin and/or leptin signaling pathways were investigated.

Nuclear SR-protein mediated mRNA quality control is continued in cytoplasmic nonsense-mediated decay.

One important task of eukaryotic cells is to translate only mRNAs that were correctly processed to prevent the production of truncated proteins, found in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Nuclear quality control of splicing requires the SR-like proteins Gbp2 and Hrb1 in , where they promote the degradation of faulty pre-mRNAs. Here we show that Gbp2 and Hrb1 also function in nonsense mediated decay (NMD) of spliced premature termination codon (PTC)-containing mRNAs.

Three-Dimensional Printed Anatomical Models Help in Correcting Foot Alignment in Hallux Valgus Deformities.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is the most common pathologic entity affecting the great toe. The goal of corrective surgery is to restore foot mechanics and provide pain relief. The purpose of the study was to create individual angle using life-size foot models with three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to design a section on HV osteotomy.

NTS Catecholamine Neurons Mediate Hypoglycemic Hunger via Medial Hypothalamic Feeding Pathways.

Glucose is the essential energy source for the brain, whose deficit, triggered by energy deprivation or therapeutic agents, can be fatal. Increased appetite is the key behavioral defense against hypoglycemia; however, the central pathways involved are not well understood. Here, we describe a glucoprivic feeding pathway by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-expressing neurons from nucleus of solitary tract (NTS), which project densely to the hypothalamus and elicit feeding through bidirectional adrenergic modulation of agouti-related peptide (AgRP)- and proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons.

MCH Neuron Activity Is Sufficient for Reward and Reinforces Feeding.

Background: Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-expressing neurons have been implicated in regulation of energy homeostasis and reward, yet the role of their electrical activity in short-term appetite and reward modulation has not been fully understood.

Objectives: We investigated short-term behavioral and physiological effects of MCH neuron activity manipulations.

Methods: We used optogenetic and chemogenetic approaches in Pmch-cre transgenic mice to acutely stimulate/inhibit MCH neuronal activity while probing feeding, locomotor activity, anxiety-like behaviors, glucose homeostasis, and reward.

Comparison of Mesenteric Lengthening Techniques in IPAA: An Anatomic and Angiographic Study on Fresh Cadavers.

Background: The IPAA technique restores anal functionality in patients who have had the large intestine and rectum removed; however, 1 of the most important reasons for pouch failure is tension on the anastomosis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare technical procedures for mesenteric lengthening used for IPAA to reduce this tension.

Design: After randomization, 4 different techniques for mesenteric lengthening were performed and compared on fresh cadavers.