Stress, anticipatory stress, and psychologic measures related to sleep bruxism.

This study examined (1) the relationships between electromyographic-measured nocturnal bruxism, self-reported stress, and several personality variables, and (2) the relationship between belief in a stress-bruxism relationship and self-reported stress. One hundred adult bruxers completed a battery of personality questionnaires, indicated whether they believed in a stress-bruxism relationship, presented for a dental examination, and had dental impressions taken. Subsequently, electromyographic measurements of bruxing frequency and duration were recorded for fifteen consecutive nights.

The effect of carbamide peroxide bleach on the tensile bond strength of ceramic brackets: an in vitro study.

Recent advances in cosmetic dentistry have led to the development of a variety of new products and techniques including vital bleaching and ceramic brackets. Therefore this study was conducted to see whether the use of an at-home carbamide peroxide bleaching agent before bonding affected the tensile bond strength of a precoated ceramic orthodontic bracket. Sixty extracted human premolar teeth were randomly separated into three groups of 20.

The validity of the prediction of Soft Tissue profile changes after LeFort I osteotomy using the dentofacial planner (computer software).

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the prediction of soft tissue changes after LeFort I osteotomy with the DentoFacial Planner (DFP) (computer software). The preoperative and postoperative lateral cephalograms of 21 white adult orthodontic patients (10 males and 11 females) who underwent only LeFort I osteotomy as part of their overall treatment were digitized. A coordinate system of X and Y axes were used to assess the amount and direction of movement of the maxilla.

Antibiotics alter interactions of Staphylococcus aureus with collagenous substrata.

The effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of three antibiotics affecting the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan on the interactions of Staphylococcus aureus strains with collagenous substrata were evaluated. In a system measuring binding of 125I-labeled collagen, growth of bacteria in the presence of one-quarter MIC of cloxacillin and vancomycin reduced the number of collagen binding sites on the surface of bacteria. Growth in the presence of cefpodoxime reduced the number of collagen binding sites in one strain and increased it in another.

Efficacy of a prebrushing rinse for orthodontic patients.

The oral health benefits of a prebrushing rinse, when used in conjunction with an established twice-a-day brushing regimen, was investigated in a population of orthodontic patients. Twenty children (ages 11-18) who were undergoing orthodontic treatment that required brackets and labial wires were enrolled. This randomized, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial compared five weeks of twice-daily use of a commercial prebrushing rinse (Plax) to five weeks of a placebo rinse.

Dose-responsive characteristics of meperidine sedation in preschool children.

Using double-blind conditions, 60 uncooperative and fearful preschool children (24-66 months) received intramuscular injections of meperidine 0.25, 0.50, 1.

Pulp test response of the maxillary anterior teeth in cleft palate patients.

The relative pulpal responsiveness of the six maxillary incisors to electrical and cold thermal stimuli was tested in patients with complete unilateral and bilateral clefts. The six maxillary anterior teeth were tested at random to electrical stimuli. After a 5-minute interval, the same teeth were tested at random to cold stimuli with an ice pencil.

Structure and chromosomal localization of the human renal kallikrein gene.

Glandular kallikreins are a family of proteases encoded by a variable number of genes in different mammalian species. In all species examined, however, one particular kallikrein is functionally conserved in its capacity to release the vasoactive peptide, Lys-bradykinin, from low molecular weight kininogen. This kallikrein is found in the kidney, pancreas, and salivary gland, showing a unique pattern of tissue-specific expression relative to other members of the family.

Human prostate-specific antigen (APS) is a member of the glandular kallikrein gene family at 19q13.

The amino acid sequence of human prostate-specific antigen (APS) suggests that it is a member of the glandular kallikrein subfamily of serine proteases. In the mouse, the kallikrein-like family is localized in a single locus on chromosome 7, while other serine proteases are distributed over a variety of different chromosomes. To investigate the physical relationship between the human kallikrein genes, we have used in situ hybridization and Southern analysis of a human x mouse somatic cell hybrid panel to map the APS gene to 19q13, concordant with the renal kallikrein KLK1 gene.

Skeletal age assessment using the first, second, and third fingers of the hand.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether skeletal age assessments using the first, second, and third fingers of the hand are as valid as those using the entire hand-wrist. Previous studies have demonstrated that treatment can be better oriented to the unique physiologic characteristics of the individual if skeletal age is used to assess maturational status. The sample was selected from the files of the Bolton-Brush Foundation and consisted of radiographs of 19 male and 20 female subjects whose yearly hand-wrist radiographs were available covering the age span of 10 to 16 years for girls and 12 to 18 years for male subjects.

Evaluation of bitewing intervals in children.

With 1,153 pairs of bitewing radiographs representing data collected from 145 patients, we determined that the average positive bitewing interval was 17.7 months, which is consistent with published recommendations of 12- to 24-month intervals.

A simple procedure to assess esthetic preference for dentofacial treatment.

A procedure is described in which lateral facial photographs were cut apart and reassembled in ways that approximated desired esthetic change. Two groups of subjects were asked to complete the Sassouni "cut-up-paste-back" procedure. Group 1 consisted of 20 adult dental professionals; group 2 comprised 18 college students unacquainted with dental studies.

Actions of N-methyl aspartate and its antagonist aminophosphonovalerate on the A5 catecholamine cell group in rat.

When N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid was injected into the A5 catecholamine cell group of the rat, a dose-dependent decrease in blood pressure and heart rate was obtained. These cardiovascular changes were subsequently blocked by the (-) and (+) isomers of the aspartate receptor blocker 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid). The (-) isomer was 2-4 times more potent than the (+) form.

Edetate disodium-mediated chloramphenicol resistance in Pseudomonas cepacia.

The presence of edetate disodium decreased the susceptibility of a particular strain of Pseudomonas cepacia to chloramphenicol. The mechanism of this edetate disodium effect, which may be unique to this strain, remains obscure. Tests showed no enzymatic destruction by the microorganism of the chloramphenicol nor any chemical complexation of the antibiotic by the salt.